Kodi mukudziwa za khansa ya m'mawere? Tiyeni tikambirane mwachidule.

Tikamva mawu oti khansa, tonse timachita mantha pang'ono, eti? Zimenezo ndi zachilendo. Koma khansa ya m'mawere ndi matenda omwe angachiritsidwe bwino ngati titadziwitsidwa bwino za matendawa komanso ngati atapezeka msanga. Ngakhale kuti ndi yofala kwambiri pakati pa akazi, imathanso kufalikira mwa amuna pang'ono . Choncho lero, tiyeni tisiye mantha athu pankhaniyi ndikuphunzira za izi m'njira yosavuta, ngati kuti tikulankhula ndi mnzathu.

Mwachidule, kodi khansa ya m'mawere ndi chiyani?

Matupi athu amapangidwa ndi mamiliyoni a maselo ang'onoang'ono. Maselo amenewa amakula, amagawikana, ndikukula motsatira malamulo ena, kenako n’kufa tikamakula. Koma nthawi zina lamuloli limasweka, ndipo maselo ena m’mawere amayamba kugawikana mofulumira komanso mosalamulirika. Gulu la maselo amenewa limatchedwa chotupa .

Si zotupa zonsezi zomwe ndi khansa. Zina ndi zotupa zabwino. Komabe, maselo amenewa akamagawikana mosalamulirika, n’kulowa m’minofu yozungulira, n’kufalikira kudzera m’magazi kapena m’njira za m’thupi kupita ku ziwalo zina za thupi (monga chiwindi, mapapo, ubongo, mafupa), timatcha khansa ya m’mawere. Kufalikira kumeneku kumatchedwanso khansa yofalikira m’thupi .

Kodi zizindikiro za matendawa ndi ziti? Kodi zingadziwike bwanji msanga?

Nthawi zambiri, sipangakhale zizindikiro kumayambiriro. Komabe, ngati mukudziwa za thupi lanu, ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa za kusintha kumeneku.

Kukhala ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro izi sikutanthauza kuti ndi khansa. Koma ndikofunikira kupita kwa dokotala ndikupita kukayezetsa.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zingachititse kuti munthu adwale khansa ya m'mawere?

"N'chifukwa chiyani izi zinandichitikira ine?" mungadabwe. Palibe chifukwa chimodzi chokha cha khansa ya m'mawere. Ingayambitsidwe ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Tiyeni tigawane izi m'magawo awiri.

Zinthu zoopsa zomwe sitingathe kuzilamulira

• Zaka: Azimayi opitirira zaka 50 ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
• Mbiri ya banja: Ngati amayi anu, mlongo wanu, kapena mwana wanu wamkazi adadwalapo khansa ya m'mawere, inunso muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
• Majini: Anthu ena amabadwa ndi kusintha kwa majini (monga `BRCA1` ndi `BRCA2`) komwe kumawonjezera chiopsezo chawo cha khansa .
• Kusamba: Kuyamba kusamba usanakwanitse zaka 12 ndikusiya kusamba utatha zaka 55 kumawonjezera chiopsezo.
• Chithandizo cha radiation cham'mbuyomu: Ngati mudalandira chithandizo cha radiation pachifuwa chifukwa cha matenda ena.

Zinthu zoopsa zomwe tingathe kusintha

• Kulemera kwa thupi : Kunenepa kwambiri ndi chinthu chomwe chimayambitsa chiopsezo, makamaka mukatha kusamba.
• Kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi: Kusakhala ndi moyo wochita zinthu zolimbitsa thupi.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mowa:Kumwa mowa tsiku lililonse kumawonjezera chiopsezo.
• Kukhala ndi ana: Kusakhala ndi ana kapena kukhala ndi mwana woyamba mukatha zaka 30.
• Kusayamwitsa: Kusayamwitsa kumawonjezeranso pang'ono chiopsezo.
• Mankhwala ena a mahomoni: Mankhwala ena a mahomoni a kusamba amatha kutengedwa kwa nthawi yayitali. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za izi.

Kodi dokotala amapeza bwanji izi?

Mukapita kwa dokotala za kusintha kwa bere lanu, iye adzayamba wakuyang'anani kaye ndikufunsani za mbiri ya matenda a m'banja mwanu. Kenako, ngati pakufunika, angakulangizeni mayeso ena ngati awa.

1. Mayeso Ojambula:

• Mammogram: Iyi ndi njira yapadera yoyezera mabere pogwiritsa ntchito X-ray. Imatha kuzindikira zotupa ndi kusintha kwina kosaonekera bwino.
• Kujambula kwa Ultrasound: Kuyeza komwe kumagwiritsa ntchito mafunde a phokoso kuti ayang'ane mkati mwa bere. Izi zimathandiza kudziwa ngati chotupacho chili cholimba kapena chodzaza ndi madzi.
• Kujambula kwa MRI (Maginito Oona Ngati Maginito): Nthawi zina zapadera, mayesowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apeze chithunzi chomveka bwino.

2. Kufufuza za thupi:

Mwachidule, izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga chidutswa chaching'ono kwambiri cha minofu (mwina pogwiritsa ntchito singano) kuchokera ku chotupa chokayikitsa ndikuchiyang'ana pansi pa maikulosikopu. Kuyesaku kungapereke chidziwitso chochuluka chomwe chili chofunikira pokonzekera chithandizo, monga ngati maselo a khansa alipo, mtundu wawo, ndi momwe amachitira zinthu (monga, kodi amakhudzidwa ndi mahomoni (`ER`, `PR` positive), kapena ali ndi puloteni yambiri yotchedwa `HER2`).

Kodi mankhwala ake ndi otani?

Ngati mwapezeka ndi khansa ya m'mawere, gulu lanu lachipatala lidzapanga dongosolo la chithandizo lomwe lingakhale labwino kwa inu. Izi zidzadalira zinthu zambiri, monga mtundu ndi gawo la khansa yanu, zaka zanu, komanso thanzi lanu lonse. Pali njira zingapo zazikulu zothandizira.

1. Opaleshoni

Iyi ndiyo njira yaikulu yochiritsira. Pali njira ziwiri apa.

• Kuchotsa Lumpectomy: Izi zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa chotupa cha khansa ndi minofu yathanzi yozungulira, ndikusiya bere lonse.
• Kuchotsa Mastectomy: Uku ndi kuchotsa bere lonse pa opaleshoni.

2. Chithandizo cha Radiation

Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, ma radiation amphamvu kwambiri (monga ma X-ray) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwononga maselo otsala a khansa.

3. Chithandizo cha mankhwala (Chithandizo cha Dongosolo)

Popeza mankhwala amenewa amakhudza thupi lonse, amagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kufalikira kwa khansa ngati yafalikira.

• Chemotherapy: Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amphamvu ophera maselo a khansa. Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa ngati mapiritsi kapena kudzera mu jakisoni mumtsempha.
• Chithandizo cha Mahomoni: Ngati khansa imadalira mahomoni (ER/PR positive), mankhwala amaperekedwa omwe amaletsa kugwira ntchito kwa mahomoni amenewo.
• Chithandizo Cholunjika: Mankhwalawa amalimbana ndi kufooka kwina kwa maselo a khansa (monga khansa ya `HER2`).
• Kuchiza Matenda a Mthupi: Kupereka mankhwala omwe amathandiza chitetezo cha mthupi lathu kuzindikira ndikulimbana ndi maselo a khansa.