Mwina mwawonapo mu kanema kapena pa pulogalamu ya pa TV, munthu atagona pabedi, osadziwa kalikonse, osasuntha. Timatcha izi " coma ". Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti izi ndi ngati tulo tatikulu. Koma kwenikweni, coma ndi matenda osiyana kwambiri komanso oopsa kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, ngakhale munthu ali moyo, palibe njira yomudzutsira. Chifukwa chake, kuti tiyankhe mafunso ambiri m'maganizo mwanu, tiyeni tikambirane za coma iyi lero.
Mwachidule, kodi chikomokere n’chiyani?
Taganizirani za munthu amene ali pachifuwa ngati TV yomwe yayatsidwa koma ilibe ma channel. TV yayatsidwa, magetsi ayaka, koma palibe chilichonse pa sikirini. Mofananamo, munthu amene ali pachifuwa mtima wake ukugunda, kupuma, ndi ntchito zamkati mwa thupi lake zikuchitika, koma ubongo wake suli ndi mgwirizano ndi dziko lakunja.
Mwachidule, chikomokere ndi mkhalidwe woti munthu sadziwa kalikonse kwa nthawi yayitali . N'zosiyana kwambiri ndi tulo tatikulu. Tikhoza kudzutsa munthu amene ali m'tulo tatikulu mwa kupanga phokoso kapena kumusisita pa thupi. Komabe, munthu amene ali m'tulo tatikulu sangadzuke ngakhale mwa kumupweteka. Vutoli limayamba chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa ubongo.
Kodi n’chiyani chimachititsa kuti munthu ayambe kukomoka?
Chifukwa chachikulu cha chikomokere ndi kuwonongeka kwa ubongo. Kuwonongeka kumeneku kumatha kukhala m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Kuwonongeka kwina ndi kwakanthawi ndipo kumatha kuchiritsidwa . Koma kuwonongeka kwina kumakhala kosatha ndipo kumatha kubweretsa imfa. Kuposa 50% ya chikomokere kumachitika chifukwa cha kuvulala mutu komanso mavuto a kayendedwe ka magazi muubongo.
Tiyeni tiwone zifukwa zazikulu zomwe zilili.
| Chifukwa | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Kuvulala mutu (Kuvulala) | Mukagundidwa mutu pangozi, ubongo wanu ukhoza kutupa kapena kutuluka magazi. Kutupa kumeneku kungayambitse kupanikizika pa ubongo ndikuwononga gawo la ubongo lomwe limayang'anira chikumbumtima (Reticular Activating System - RAS). |
| Kuvulala kwa Ubongo Wopanda Oxidation | Mpweya wa okosijeni ndi wofunikira kwambiri pa ubongo. Ngati ubongo supeza mpweya kwa mphindi zochepa, kaya chifukwa cha matenda a mtima, kumira, kapena kutsekeka, maselo a ubongo amayamba kufa. |
| Stroke | Chikomokere chingachitike pamene magazi asiya kuyenda kupita ku gawo lalikulu la ubongo kapena pamene ubongo ukutupa chifukwa cha kutuluka magazi. |
| Shuga m'magazi | Kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi kosalamulirika (hyperglycemia) kapena kuchepa kwa shuga m'magazi (hypoglycemia) kungayambitse chikomokere kwa odwala matenda ashuga. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatha shuga m'magazi akachepetsedwa. |
| Matenda | Matenda omwe amakhudza ubongo kapena dongosolo la mitsempha, monga meningitis kapena encephalitis, angayambitse ubongo kutupa ndikupangitsa chikomokere. |
| Poizoni | Matenda a chiwindi kapena impso angayambitse poizoni (monga ammonia, urea) zomwe ziyenera kuchotsedwa m'thupi kuti ziunjikane m'thupi ndikuwononga ubongo. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mowa mopitirira muyeso kungakhalenso chifukwa. |
| Khunyu/ Kugwidwa | Ngati muli ndi khunyu losalekeza (Status Epilepticus), ubongo sukhala ndi nthawi yoti ubwererenso pakati pa khunyu . Izi zingayambitsenso kukomoka. |
Kodi mumazindikira bwanji kuti muli ndi chikomokere?
Madokotala okha ndi omwe angadziwe ngati munthu ali ndi chikumbumtima kapena ali pachifuwa. Ndikofunikiranso kupeza chomwe chikuyambitsa vutoli.
Madokotala amafufuza zinthu izi:
- Mulingo woyankha:Timaona ngati amachitapo kanthu akatchulidwa dzina lawo, akamamenyedwa thupi, kapena akamapweteka pang'ono (monga kukanikiza chala).
- Mayankho a maso: Mukatsegula maso anu ndikuwaunikira, muwona ngati mwana wa maso ayamba kuchepa.
- Kapangidwe ka kupuma: Yang'anani ngati kupuma kuli kosakhazikika, kwachangu, kapena pang'onopang'ono.
- Kaimidwe ka thupi: Yang'anani ngati miyendo ndi yopindika kapena yolimba mwanjira yosadziwika bwino.
Kuwonjezera pa mayeso amenewa, ndikofunikira kwambiri kufunsa banjali zomwe zinachitika ngozi isanachitike. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyezetsa magazi, kuyezetsa mkodzo, ndi mayeso monga CT scan kapena MRI scan kuti aone momwe ubongo ulili amachitidwanso.
Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito sikelo yapadera poyesa vutoli. Limatchedwa Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) . Limazindikira kuchuluka kwa kusazindikira mwa kupereka zigoli pazinthu monga kutsegula maso, kuyenda, ndi kulankhula . Zigoli zotsika, vutoli limakhala lalikulu kwambiri.
Kodi mumalandira bwanji chithandizo cha coma?
Kukomoka ndi vuto ladzidzidzi lachipatala. Ngati muwona munthu akutaya chikumbumtima kapena akutaya chikumbumtima, imbani 911 nthawi yomweyo ndikupeza ambulansi. Kumutengera kuchipatala, makamaka ku Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU), mwachangu kungathandize kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa ubongo.
Kuchipatala, chithandizo chimadalira chifukwa cha chikomokere.
- Kuchiza chifukwa: Ngati ndi matenda, maantibayotiki amaperekedwa. Ngati ubongo watupa, mankhwala amaperekedwa kuti achepetse kutupa. Ngati pali kutuluka magazi kapena chotupa mu ubongo, opaleshoni ingafunike. Ngati ndi chifukwa cha matenda a shuga, shuga m'magazi amawongoleredwa.
- Thandizo la Moyo: Odwala omwe ali ndi chikomokere nthawi zambiri amasamaliridwa mu chipinda chosamalira odwala kwambiri (ICU) . Ngati akuvutika kupuma okha, amalumikizidwa ndi chopumira mpweya .
- Chithandizo Chothandizira: Wodwala akamakomoka, ndikofunikira kwambiri kupewa mavuto ena.
- Zakudya: Chifukwa chakuti sangathe kudya kapena kumwa, amapatsidwa chakudya chamadzimadzi kudzera mu chubu chodyetsera.
- Kusamalira khungu: Zilonda pabedi zimatha kuchitika chifukwa chokhala pamalo omwewo. Kuti mupewe izi, tembenuzani wodwalayo maola angapo aliwonse.
- Minofu ndi mafupa:Kusayenda bwino kungayambitse minofu kuuma komanso mafupa kuuma. Pofuna kuthetsa izi, akatswiri ochizira matenda amabwera kudzakuthandizani kusuntha miyendo yanu.
Kodi mungabwezeretse chikumbumtima kuchokera ku coma?
Vutoli ndi lomwe anthu ambiri amakumana nalo. Kuchira ku chikomokere kumadalira chomwe chimayambitsa, nthawi yomwe munthu amakhala chikomokere, komanso thanzi la wodwalayo.
Sizachilendo kudzipeza mwadzidzidzi mukutsegula maso anu ndikufunsa kuti, "Ndili kuti?" monga m'mafilimu. Kuchira ndi njira yocheperako, sitepe ndi sitepe.
Kawirikawiri, wodwalayo akayamba kuchira, amayamba kuyankha phokoso kapena ululu. Kenako, amatsegula maso awo pang'onopang'ono. Pa nthawi yoyamba ya chikumbumtima, anthu ambiri amatha kusokonezeka komanso kusokonezeka . Angathenso kuchita zinthu mosiyana ndi kale. Izi zonse ndi gawo la njira yochiritsira. Zingatenge miyezi kapena zaka kuti achire mokwanira. Anthu ena akhoza kukhala ndi zilema zosatha. Angafunike chithandizo chobwezeretsa thanzi lawo monga physiotherapy ndi occupational therapy kuti abwerere mwakale.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kukomoka si tulo tatikulu, ndi matenda aakulu omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa ubongo.
- Ngati wina wapezeka kuti wakomoka ndipo sangathe kudzuka, ziyenera kuonedwa ngati zadzidzidzi ndipo 1990 iyenera kuyimbidwa nthawi yomweyo ndikutengedwera ku Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) .
- Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuchiza chomwe chimayambitsa chikomokere ndikupereka chithandizo chothandizira.
- Kuchira ku coma ndi njira yocheperako , ndipo chithandizo cha achibale ndi gulu lachipatala n'chofunikira.
- Kambiranani ndi dokotala mafunso kapena nkhawa zilizonse zomwe muli nazo zokhudza matenda a wokondedwa wanu . Musamangodalira zomwe mumamva pa intaneti kapena kuchokera kwa ena.
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