Kodi simungathe kuwongolera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo? Tiyeni tiphunzire za vutoli (Matenda Ogwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo - SUD)

Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo ngati chinthu chomwe munayamba kuchita kuti musangalale, kapena kuti muchepetse nkhawa, chidzakupangitsani kukhala chovuta kwambiri? Munaganiza kuti mungathe "kusiya nthawi iliyonse," koma tsopano simungathe kusiya, ndipo chikukhudza thanzi lanu, maubwenzi anu, ndi ntchito yanu? Ngati ndi choncho, simuli nokha. Lero tikulankhula za vuto lalikululi, koma lochiritsika.

Kodi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo (SUD) ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kapena chomwe tinkachitcha kuti "chizolowezi cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo," ndi vuto la thanzi la maganizo . Si kufooka kapena chizolowezi choipa. Ndi matenda. Ngati njira yanu yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo (mowa, fodya, mankhwala ena aliwonse) ikubweretsa mavuto pa thanzi lanu ndi moyo wanu, ndicho chomwe timachitcha "Matenda Ogwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo (SUD)".

Taganizirani izi motere... Tikagwiritsa ntchito zinthuzi, mankhwala otchedwa `(Dopamine)` muubongo wathu amatulutsidwa. Izi zimatipangitsa kumva osangalala kwambiri komanso omasuka. Koma mphamvu ya mankhwalawa ikatha, chimwemwecho chimathanso. Kenako ubongo ndi thupi lathu zimafunanso kukhala ndi "kumverera bwino" kumeneko. Kaya izi zili zoipa bwanji pa thanzi lathu , sitingathe kulamulira chilakolako chimenecho. Mkhalidwewu ungakhudze kwambiri thanzi lanu la maganizo, ubale wa m'banja, maphunziro, ntchito, chilichonse. Nthawi zina, zimatha kuyika moyo pachiswe.

Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya vutoli ndi iti?

Vutoli likhoza kugwirizanitsidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala. Mitundu yodziwika kwambiri ndi iyi:

• Matenda ogwiritsira ntchito mowa
• Matenda ogwiritsira ntchito cocaine
• Matenda ogwiritsira ntchito chamba
• Matenda osuta fodya
• Matenda ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala a methamphetamine
• Matenda a Opioid (Matenda a Opioid)

Nthawi zina munthu angagwiritse ntchito mankhwala oposa limodzi nthawi imodzi. Mwachitsanzo, angagwiritse ntchito fodya pamodzi ndi mowa. Timatcha izi kuti "Polysubstance use disorder".

Kodi zizindikiro za vutoli ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za vutoli zimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe mukugwiritsa ntchito. Pali magulu awiri akuluakulu a zizindikiro.

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji ngati muli ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo?

Funso ili ndi lofunika kwambiri. Ngati mwakhala ndi zizindikiro ziwiri mwa zotsatirazi m'miyezi 12 yapitayi, mwina muli ndi vutoli. Ganizirani izi moona mtima.

N’chifukwa chiyani vutoli limachitika?

Palibe chifukwa chimodzi chokha cha izi, koma kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti chizolowezi cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo chimachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa "dongosolo la mphotho" muubongo.

Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe vutoli limakulirakulira:

• Chikoka cha anthu: Kuyamba kukhudzidwa ndi abwenzi kapena kulandiridwa ndi anthu.
• Chidwi: Kuyamba kuona mtundu wa malingaliro omwe izi zingapereke.
• Kuti muwonjezere magwiridwe antchito: Yambani kugwira ntchito bwino kuntchito kapena kusukulu (monga kuphunzira mutagona).
• Kuchepetsa nkhawa: Kugwiritsa ntchito pochepetsa kwakanthawi chisoni, nkhawa, mantha, ndi kupsinjika maganizo.

Kodi izi zingayambitse mavuto otani?

Vuto lalikulu komanso loopsa kwambiri la vutoli ndi kumwa mankhwala ochulukirapo . Izi zimachitika mukamwa mankhwala ochulukirapo nthawi imodzi. Izi ndi zadzidzidzi zachipatala. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mumwa mankhwala ochulukirapo a opioid, angakhudze gawo la ubongo lomwe limalamulira kupuma. Ngati simulandira chithandizo mwachangu, kupuma kumatha kuyima ngakhale kubweretsa imfa.

Mavuto ena:

• Khansa
• Kuvutika maganizo
• Matenda (monga chiwindi cha chiwindi B, C, ndi HIV)
• Kutaya kukumbukira
• Kutaya maphunziro ndi ntchito
• Kusokonekera kwa ubale wa m'banja ndi anthu
• Kuchita zinthu zosatetezeka, zosaloledwa, komanso zoopsa

Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji vutoli ndikulichiza bwanji?

Palibe mayeso amodzi oti apeze izi. Dokotala adzafufuza mosamala mbiri yanu yachipatala komanso momwe mumagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Ngati pakufunika kutero, akhoza kuchita mayeso kuti adziwe mitundu ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwala m'thupi lanu.

Njira zochizira

Gawo loyamba la chithandizo ndikuchotsa mankhwala m'thupi (Kuwongolera kuchotsa mankhwala kapena Detox). Izi zitha kukhala zovuta kwambiri, m'maganizo komanso mwakuthupi. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kwambiri kuchita izi moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala, ndi mankhwala ochepetsa zizindikiro za `Kuchotsa mankhwala`.

Pambuyo pake, pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zothandizira:

1. Uphungu ndi Chithandizo:

• Chithandizo cha Maganizo Okhudza Khalidwe (CBT): Chimakuthandizani kuzindikira makhalidwe anu oipa ndi maganizo anu ndikuwasintha.
• Chithandizo cha Banja: Chimathandiza kukonza ubale ndi machitidwe ndi achibale.
• Magulu Odzithandiza: Kutenga nawo mbali m'magulu ngati Narcotics Anonymous kungapereke mphamvu zambiri zothetsera vutoli ndi chithandizo cha ena.

2. Mankhwala:

Pa mitundu ina ya mankhwala, pali mankhwala omwe amasintha kapangidwe ka ubongo ndikuchepetsa chilakolako cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso zizindikiro zosiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

• Kwa ma opioid: `(Methadone)`, `(Buprenorphine)`, `(Naltrexone)`
• Za mowa: `(Naltrexone)`, `(Acamprosate)`, `(Disulfiram)`
• Kwa fodya: Mapaketi a Nicotine, ma spray a m'mphuno, chingamu, mankhwala monga Bupropion kapena Varenicline.

Kodi n'zotheka kuchira kwathunthu ku vutoli?

Uwu ndi matenda osatha komanso a moyo wonse. Koma kuchira n'kotheka. Zili ngati ulendo. Anthu osiyanasiyana ali ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zochitira zinthu.

Kubwereranso m'mbuyo ndi gawo lomwe lingakhalepo paulendowu. Zimatanthauza kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kwa kanthawi kenako n’kuyambanso kugwiritsa ntchito. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti mwalephera. Zimangotanthauza kuti muyenera kuwunikanso dongosolo lanu la chithandizo. Ndikofunikira kukhala ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri, kuphatikizapo banja, abwenzi, ndi gulu lachipatala.

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati mukuona kuti chinthu chomwe mukugwiritsa ntchito chakhala chizolowezi ndipo simungathe kuchisiya nokha, pitani kwa dokotala. Musachite mantha kapena kuchita manyazi kupempha thandizo. Si vuto lanu, ndi matenda omwe amafunika kuchiritsidwa.

Kufunafuna chithandizo kungakhale kovuta. Nthawi yomwe imatenga kuti munthu asiye kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi yovuta. Uphungu umamuvutitsa maganizo. Koma kuchira ndi mphatso yamtengo wapatali kwambiri yomwe mungalandire. Pamene mukuyamba ulendowu, pemphani thandizo kwa mnzanu wodalirika kapena wachibale wanu. Chilimbikitso chawo chingakupatseni mphamvu zomwe mukufunikira kuti mukaone dokotala.