Tiyeni tiphunzire za maselo oyera a magazi m'njira yosavuta? Zinthu zoteteza thupi lanu!

Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo kuti mukadwala, mukakhala ndi malungo kapena chimfine, zimachira bwanji m'masiku ochepa? Tili ndi gulu laling'ono koma lamphamvu kwambiri m'thupi mwathu. Asilikali amenewo amatchedwa Maselo Oyera a Magazi , kapena ma WBC mwachidule. Awa ndi omwe amatiteteza ku majeremusi oyambitsa matenda omwe amalowa m'thupi mwathu. Zili ngati gulu laling'ono mkati mwa matupi athu!

Kodi maselo oyera a m'magazi ndi chiyani? Kodi kwenikweni amachokera kuti?

Mwachidule, maselo oyera amagazi ndi mtundu wapadera wa maselo m'magazi athu. Kodi mumadziwa kuti magazi athu ndi ofiira? Chifukwa cha mtundu wofiirawo ndi wofiira chifukwa cha maselo ofiira amagazi. Koma sikuti maselo ofiira okha m'magazi muli maselo oyera okha, komanso maselo oyera awa. Amatchedwa maselo "oyera" amagazi chifukwa alibe mtundu. Maselo oyera awa amapangidwa mbali yofewa mkati mwa mafupa athu, ndiko kuti, mu fupa la mafupa . Taganizirani za fupa la mafupa ngati fakitale yomwe imapanga maselo oyera amagazi awa. Kuchokera pamenepo, amapangidwa ndikuwonjezedwa m'magazi, ndipo amayenda m'thupi lonse, ngati kuti akuyang'anira. Kodi amachita chiyani? Kukonzekera kumeneku ndikugwira kachilombo kapena china chake chomwe chimayambitsa matenda ngati chilowa m'thupi kwinakwake.

Maselo oyera a m'magazi awa ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la chitetezo chathu chamthupi. Chitetezo chamthupi ndi njira yodzitetezera ku matenda .

N’chifukwa chiyani maselo oyera a magazi amenewa ndi ofunikira kwambiri kwa ife?

Maselo oyera m'magazi ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri m'thupi lathu. Ntchito yawo yaikulu ndi kutiteteza ku matenda.

• Amalimbana ndi majeremusi : Majeremusi monga mabakiteriya , mavairasi , ndi bowa akalowa m'thupi mwathu, maselo oyera amagazi amenewa ndi omwe amayamba kuwaukira. Amawononga majeremusi amenewo ndikuletsa kufalikira kwa matenda .
• Zimathandiza mabala kuchira: Pakakhala bala, maselo oyera amagazi amabwera pamalopo kuti aletse majeremusi kulowa, kuchotsa maselo owonongeka, ndikuthandizira maselo atsopano kukula.
• Amalimbana ndi maselo a khansa : Mitundu ina ya maselo oyera a m'magazi imatha kuzindikira ndikuwononga maselo osayenera m'thupi lathu, ngakhale maselo a khansa.
• Amachotsa maselo akufa: Izi zimathandiza kuti thupi likhale loyera pochotsa maselo akufa ndi zinthu zosafunikira.

Tangoganizani, monga momwe kulili gulu lankhondo loteteza dziko, maselo oyera amagazi awa ndi gulu lankhondo lomwe limateteza thupi lathu. Ngati gululo lifooka, adani ochokera kunja, kutanthauza majeremusi, amatha kuukira thupi lathu mosavuta.

Kodi ndi zoona kuti pali mitundu ingapo ya maselo oyera a magazi?

Inde, ndi zoona. Monga momwe zilili ndi magulu osiyanasiyana ankhondo, maselo oyera amagazi si maselo ofanana. Ndipo pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndipo mtundu uliwonse uli ndi ntchito yake yoti uchite. Pali mitundu ikuluikulu isanu ya maselo oyera amagazi. Tiyeni tiwone mtundu uliwonse mwatsatanetsatane.

1. Ma Neutrophils: Gulu loyamba la asilikali kulowa nthawi yomweyo pankhondo!

Awa ndi mitundu yambiri ya maselo oyera m'magazi mwathu. Amapanga pakati pa 50% ndi 70% ya chiwerengero chonse cha maselo oyera m'magazi. Ali ngati gulu lothandiza anthu mwadzidzidzi . Thupi likagwidwa ndi mabakiteriya kapena bowa, chinthu choyamba chomwe chimabwera pamalopo ndi neutrophil. Kodi amachita chiyani akafika? Amameza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kuwameza, ndikuwononga . Timatcha njira iyi kuti phagocytosis . Zili ngati chotsukira chaching'ono chomwe chimayamwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

2. Lymphocytes: Asilikali anzeru okhala ndi kukumbukira!

Awa ndi gulu lofunika kwambiri. Ma lymphocyte amagwira ntchito ngati nzeru ndi mphamvu zapadera za chitetezo chathu chamthupi. Amagawidwa m'magulu atatu:

• Maselo a B: Awa ndi omwe amapanga mapuloteni apadera otchedwa ma antibodies . Ma antibodies ali ngati makiyi. Pali antibody yeniyeni yomwe imagwirizana ndi kachilombo kalikonse. Ma antibodies awa amalumikizana ndi majeremusi, kuwaletsa, kapena kuwalemba chizindikiro kuti maselo ena oyera a magazi athe kuwawononga mosavuta. Chofunika kwambiri, Maselo a B ali ndi kukumbukira . Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati kachilombo komwe kalipo kale kabwerera, kakhoza kukazindikira mwachangu ndikupanga ma antibodies mwachangu ofanana nako. Katemera amagwira ntchito motsatira mfundo iyi.
• Maselo a T: Awa ndi omwe amapita kunkhondo mwachindunji. Amazindikira ndikuwononga zinthu monga maselo athu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka majeremusi, maselo a khansa, ndi zina zambiri. Maselo a T amathandizanso kulamulira ndikulimbikitsa maselo ena m'thupi.
• Maselo Opha Zachilengedwe (NK Cells): Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, awa ndi opha mwachibadwa. Amatha kuwononga makamaka maselo omwe ali ndi kachilombo ndi maselo a khansa popanda kuzindikirika kale.

3. Ma monocyte: Oyeretsa bwino komanso otumiza uthenga!

Awa ndi mtundu waukulu kwambiri wa maselo oyera a m'magazi . Akamachoka m'magazi kupita ku minofu, amakhala macrophages . "Macrophages" amatanthauza "maselo omwe amameza zazikulu." Monga ma neutrophils, amamezanso ndikuyeretsa majeremusi, maselo akufa, ndi zinyalala zina. Koma amanyamulanso uthenga ku maselo ena oteteza thupi, monga ma lymphocytes, wakuti, "Apa pakubwera mdani."Zimatero. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zimathandiza kuyambitsa chitetezo chamthupi.

4. Ma Eosinophils: Otsutsana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi ziwengo!

Izi zimagwira ntchito makamaka pa matenda opatsirana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda , kutanthauza, matenda monga mphutsi. Zingathe kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mwa kutulutsa zinthu zapoizoni. Kuphatikiza apo, chiwerengero cha eosinophils chimawonjezeka pakakhala ziwengo . Zimagwiranso ntchito pa matenda monga mphumu.

5. Ma Basophil: Zizindikiro Zochenjeza!

Ma Basophil ndi omwe ali ochepa kwambiri mwa maselo oyera a m'magazi. Koma ntchito yawo ndi yofunika kwambiri. Zikachitika ziwengo, zimatulutsa mankhwala monga histamine . Histamine ndi yomwe imayambitsa zizindikiro monga ming'oma, kuyabwa, ndi mphuno yotuluka madzi panthawi ya ziwengo. Ichi ndi chizindikiro kwa thupi kuti pali "ngozi." Amatulutsanso chinthu chotchedwa heparin , chomwe chimaletsa magazi kuundana. Tsopano mwina mukumvetsa kuti maselo oyera a m'magazi si asilikali okha, koma gulu la akatswiri omwe ali ndi luso losiyanasiyana omwe amathandizana.

Kodi tingadziwe bwanji ngati kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera m'magazi athu kuli bwino?

Sitingathe kudziwa izi pongoyang'ana. Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera amagazi, muyenera kuchita mayeso amagazi . Nthawi zambiri, madokotala amalimbikitsa kuwerengera magazi kwathunthu (FBC) , kapena monga ena amanenera, kuwerengera magazi kwathunthu (CBC) . Kuyesa kumeneku kumatha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa chilichonse m'magazi, monga maselo ofiira amagazi, maselo oyera amagazi, ndi ma platelet. Nthawi zambiri, munthu wamkulu wathanzi amakhala ndi maselo oyera amagazi pakati pa 4,000 ndi 11,000 pa microliter imodzi yamagazi. Komabe, mtengo uwu ukhoza kusiyana pang'ono kuchokera ku labu iliyonse, kutengera zaka, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale kutengera nthawi ya tsiku. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukufuna kudziwa zomwe zili mu lipoti lanu, ndibwino kulankhula ndi dokotala.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera m'magazi kukukwera (leukocytosis)? Kodi ndi koopsa?

Pamene chiwerengero cha maselo oyera a m'magazi chikukwera kuposa momwe zimakhalira, timachitcha leukocytosis . Musachite mantha mukamva izi. Nthawi zambiri, kuwonjezeka kwa maselo oyera a m'magazi ndi chizindikiro chakuti thupi lathu likulimbana ndi chinachake. Taganizirani izi motere. Ngati wakuba walowa m'nyumba mwanu, muyimbira apolisi. Kodi wapolisi m'modzi amabwera? Ayi, angapo amabwera. Mofananamo, kachilombo kakalowa m'thupi, asilikali oteteza thupi, omwe ndi maselo oyera a m'magazi, amapanga ambiri ndipo amawatumiza kukamenyana. Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zingayambitse kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera a m'magazi:

• Matenda: Ichi ndi chifukwa chofala kwambiri. Maselo oyera a m'magazi amawonjezeka m'matenda a bakiteriya ndi mavairasi. Mwachitsanzo, kupweteka pakhosi, matenda a mkodzo, kapena chibayo .
• Kutupa:Mu mkhalidwe womwe pali kutupa, ndiko kuti, kutupa ndi kufiira kwinakwake m'thupi (monga nyamakazi), maselo oyera amagazi amatha kuwonjezeka.
• Kupsinjika maganizo kapena thupi: Musadabwe, kutopa kwambiri, pambuyo pa opaleshoni yayikulu, kapena nthawi ya nkhawa yaikulu ya maganizo kungapangitse kuti chiwerengero cha maselo oyera a magazi chiwonjezeke kwakanthawi.
• Mankhwala ena: Mwachitsanzo, mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala monga corticosteroids .
• Kusuta: Osuta fodya nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera m'magazi.
• Ziwengo: Zingawonjezereke ngati munthu ali ndi ziwengo zoopsa.
• Mitundu ina ya khansa: Khansa ya m'magazi ndi khansa ya maselo omwe amapanga maselo oyera a magazi. Pa vutoli, chiwerengero cha maselo oyera a magazi chimawonjezeka modabwitsa. Komabe, musaope kuti nthawi iliyonse maselo oyera a magazi anu akamawonjezeka, ndi khansa ya m'magazi. Dokotala adzachita mayeso ofunikira kuti apeze chomwe chikuyambitsa.

Chofunika: Ngati mukuona kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera m'magazi mwanu kukukwera, ndi ntchito ya dokotala kudziwa chomwe chikuyambitsa matendawa. Choncho, musayese kudzifufuza nokha.

Nanga chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera m'magazi kwachepa (Leukopenia)?

Pamene chiwerengero cha maselo oyera m'magazi chili chotsika kuposa masiku onse, timachitcha Leukopenia . Izi zikutanthauza kuti chiwerengero cha asilikali m'thupi mwathu omwe ali okonzeka kulimbana ndi matenda chimakhala chochepa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chitetezo chathu chamthupi chimakhala chofooka , ndipo mwayi wopeza matenda ndi wokwera. Zili ngati gulu lankhondo la dziko lathu ndi lochepa kwambiri. Kenako, adani ochokera kunja amatha kulowa mosavuta mdzikolo ndikuwononga, sichoncho? Umu ndi momwe zilili, pamene chiwerengero cha maselo oyera m'magazi chili chotsika, majeremusi amatha kulowa mosavuta m'thupi mwathu ndikuyambitsa matenda. Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe maselo oyera amatha kukhala otsika:

• Matenda opatsirana ndi mavairasi: Mavairasi ena (monga chimfine, dengue) amatha kuchepetsa kwakanthawi ntchito ya mafupa ndikuchepetsa kupanga maselo oyera amagazi.
• Matenda a Bone Morrow: Matenda omwe mafuta a m'mafupa sangathe kupanga maselo bwino (monga aplastic anemia) kapena matenda omwe mafuta a m'mafupa amawonongeka.
• Chemotherapy ndi Radiation Therapy: Mankhwalawa samangowononga maselo a khansa okha, komanso maselo athanzi omwe amagawikana mofulumira (monga maselo oyera a magazi).
• Matenda Odziteteza Kuthupi: Mu matenda amenewa, chitetezo chathu chamthupi chimaukira maselo athu. Nthawi zina, chimathanso kuukira maselo oyera amagazi (monga lupus).
• Matenda Oopsa: Nthawi zina, mu matenda oopsa kwambiri (monga sepsis ), maselo oyera ambiri amatha kuwonongedwa ndikuchepa mwachangu kuposa momwe angapangidwire.
• Mankhwala ena:Zingayambitsidwenso ndi zinthu monga mitundu ina ya maantibayotiki ndi mankhwala ena a matenda amisala.
• Kusowa kwa Vitamini ndi mchere: Kusowa kwa zinthu monga vitamini B12, folate, ndi mkuwa, makamaka, kungayambitse kuchepa kwa kupanga maselo oyera m'magazi.

Munthu amene ali ndi maselo oyera ochepa m'magazi amatha kukhala ndi malungo pafupipafupi, matenda opatsirana, komanso kuchira pang'onopang'ono kwa mabala.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita liti kwa dokotala pankhani ya maselo oyera a magazi?

Kawirikawiri, ngati mulibe zizindikiro, simuyenera kuda nkhawa ndi maselo oyera a magazi anu. Komabe, ndi bwino kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala ngati muli ndi chimodzi mwa izi:

• Ngati mumadwala matenda pafupipafupi: Ngati mukupitirizabe kudwala zinthu monga malungo, chimfine, ndi kupweteka pakhosi.
• Ngati muli ndi malungo osatha popanda chifukwa.
• Ngati mukumva kutopa kwambiri popanda chifukwa.
• Ngati mukuchepetsa thupi popanda chifukwa.
• Ngati muli ndi ma lymph nodes otupa m'mbali zosiyanasiyana za thupi lanu.
• Ngati mayeso anu a magazi akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera m'magazi kosadziwika bwino , onetsetsani kuti mwaonana ndi dokotala kuti akufotokozereni.

Kumbukirani kuti zizindikirozi zitha kukhala zofala pa matenda ena ambiri. Chifukwa chake, musapeze matenda potengera zomwe mwawerenga pa intaneti. Ndikofunikira kupita kwa dokotala kuti akakupatseni upangiri woyenera komanso chithandizo choyenera.

Kodi tingatani kuti maselo athu oyera a m'magazi akhale athanzi?

Popeza maselo athu oyera a m'magazi ndi mbali ya chitetezo chathu chamthupi, zinthu zomwezo zomwe timachita kuti chitetezo chathu chamthupi chikhale champhamvu zimathandizanso pa thanzi la maselo athu oyera a m'magazi.

• Idyani zakudya zoyenera: Idyani zakudya zabwino zomwe zimaphatikizapo ndiwo zamasamba, zipatso, nyemba, tirigu, ndi mapuloteni (nsomba, nyama, mazira, mkaka, mtedza). Mavitamini ndi mchere wochokera ku izi ndi ofunikira popanga maselo oyera a magazi ndi ntchito yawo.
• Gonani mokwanira: Kugona bwino kwa maola 7-8 patsiku ndikofunikira kwambiri pa chitetezo cha mthupi.
• Kuchepetsa kupsinjika maganizo: Kupsinjika maganizo kwambiri kungafooketse chitetezo cha mthupi. Mutha kuchepetsa kupsinjika maganizo kudzera mu zinthu monga kusinkhasinkha, yoga, ndi zosangalatsa.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse: Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi otuluka thukuta kwa mphindi zosachepera 30 masiku angapo pa sabata kumathandiza kulimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi lanu.
• Samalani ukhondo: Kusamba m'manja pafupipafupi komanso kudya zakudya zoyera kungathandize kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha majeremusi kulowa m'thupi.
• Pewani kusuta: Kusuta fodya kumawononga kwambiri chitetezo cha mthupi.
• Pezani Katemera Pa Nthawi Yake: Katemera amatha kuteteza matenda ena akuluakulu.

Mwa kutsatira njira izi, mutha kuthandiza maselo anu oyera kugwira ntchito yawo moyenera.

Kodi chinthu chofunika kwambiri chomwe tiyenera kuphunzira kuchokera m'nkhaniyi ndi chiyani?

Chabwino, takambirana zambiri zokhudza maselo oyera a magazi. Mwachidule, nazi zinthu zina zoti muzikumbukira:

• Maselo oyera a m'magazi ndi asilikali oteteza thupi lathu. Popanda iwo, sitingathe kulimbana ndi matenda.
• Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maselo oyera a magazi, ndipo mtundu uliwonse uli ndi ntchito yakeyake.
• Kuyezetsa magazi (FBC/CBC) kungathe kudziwa kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera a magazi.
• Kuwonjezeka (leukocytosis) kapena kuchepa (leukopenia) kwa chiwerengero cha maselo oyera amagazi kungayambitsidwe ndi zifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Zina ndi zachilendo, pomwe zina ndi chinthu chodetsa nkhawa.
• Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zachilendo kapena kusintha kwa mayeso a magazi , onetsetsani kuti mwapeza upangiri wa dokotala .
• Kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi kungathandize kuti maselo anu oyera a m'magazi akhale olimba, ndipo kudzera mwa iwo, chitetezo chanu chonse cha mthupi chikhale cholimba.

Kotero, ndikukhulupirira kuti tsopano mukudziwa za alonda ang'onoang'ono awa, koma ofunikira kwambiri m'thupi lanu. Ndi udindo wanu kuwasamalira bwino! Maselo Oyera a M'magazi, Maselo Oyera a M'magazi, WBC, Chitetezo cha Mthupi, Matenda, Leukocytosis, Leukopenia