Tikamva mawu oti "ultrasound," ambiri a ife timaganiza za mayi atagona pabedi ndipo akumuyang'ana mwana wake pa chowunikira pamene akupita kwa dokotala, sichoncho? Kujambula kumeneku mwina kumadziwika bwino chifukwa kumagwiritsidwanso ntchito kudziwa jenda la mwana. Ndi zoona, ndipo kuyesaku ndiko kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kwa ultrasound panthawi ya mimba. Komabe, ubwino wa ukadaulo wodabwitsawu suthera pamenepo. Ndi mayeso ofunikira kwambiri azachipatala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira matenda osiyanasiyana m'thupi lathu.
Mwachidule, kodi ultrasound iyi ndi chiyani?
Ultrasound ndi njira yachipatala yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mafunde amphamvu kwambiri kuti ipange zithunzi za ziwalo ndi minofu yofewa mkati mwa matupi athu. Imatchedwanso sonography. Nthawi zambiri, scan iyi imachitika kuchokera kunja kwa thupi, kutanthauza kuti, ndi chipangizo chapadera chomwe chimayikidwa pamwamba pa khungu. Komabe, nthawi zina, scan iyi imachitikanso pogwiritsa ntchito zida zazing'ono zomwe zimayikidwa kudzera m'mabowo achilengedwe m'thupi. Tsopano mwina mukudabwa kuti pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa X-ray ndi ultrasound. Zonsezi ndi mayeso omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyang'ana mkati mwa thupi. Komabe,
X-ray imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa za kuwala . Tikudziwa kuti X-ray imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwona zinthu monga mafupa osweka. Komabe,
ultrasound imagwiritsa ntchito mafunde amphamvu kwambiri omwe sangamveke m'khutu la munthu . Ichi ndiye kusiyana kwakukulu komanso kofunikira kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ultrasound ndi mayeso otetezeka kwambiri.
Ultrasound ndi mayeso. Chithunzi chomwe chimachitika chifukwa cha mayesowo chimatchedwa sonogram. Mwachizolowezi timatcha zonsezi kuti " ma scans ."
Kodi ukadaulo uwu umagwira ntchito bwanji?
Imagwira ntchito pa mfundo yosavuta kwambiri. Tangoganizirani mleme ukuuluka usiku, umatulutsa mafunde amawu kuti uzindikire zopinga patsogolo pake ndikuwunika mawu omwe amabwerera. Mu ultrasound scan, chipangizo chaching'ono chogwiritsidwa ntchito m'manja chotchedwa 'transducer' chimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ichi ndi chomwe chimatumiza mafunde amawu amphamvu omwe samveka m'makutu mwathu m'thupi. Kenako mafunde amawu awa amadziwidwa ndi ziwalo zosiyanasiyana m'thupi (monga
chiwindi) ., impso) ndipo zimaonekera mmbuyo. Chosinthira mawu chimatenga mafunde obwerera (ma echo). Kenako kompyuta imasanthula chidziwitsochi ndikuchiwonetsa pa kompyuta nthawi yomweyo ngati chithunzi cha chiwalo choyenera. Pali akatswiri ophunzitsidwa bwino (Sonographers) omwe amachita mayesowa. Zithunzi zomwe amajambula zimawunikidwa ndi katswiri wa radiology kapena dokotala amene akukuchizani, ndipo matendawa amapangidwa.
Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito ultrasound ndi kotani?
Ntchito zake ndi zambiri. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka.
Pa nthawi ya mimba
Iyi ndi njira yomwe tonse timaidziwa.
- Tsimikizirani mimba.
- Werengani tsiku lobadwa la mwana.
- Onani ngati pali mapasa kapena kuposerapo.
- Yang'anani kukula kwa mwana, kugunda kwa mtima, ndi mayendedwe ake.
- Tsimikizirani ngati ndi mimba yotuluka m'mimba.
- Yang'anani ngati mwana ali ndi vuto lililonse lobadwa nalo m'ziwalo monga ubongo, mtima, kapena msana .
- Yang'anani ngati pali vuto lililonse ndi placenta ndi momwe mwana akukhalira.
- Makolo ambiri amayembekezera mwachidwi kudziwa jenda la mwana wawo.
Kuzindikira matenda
Ultrasound ndi yofunika kwambiri pozindikira matenda okhudzana ndi ziwalo zosiyanasiyana ndi minofu yofewa m'thupi lathu. Mwachitsanzo:
- Mtima ndi mitsempha ya magazi
- Chiwindi, ndulu, kapamba
- Impso, chikhodzodzo
- Chiberekero, mazira
- Chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, machende
- Matenda monga ziphuphu m'mabere
Koma izi zilinso ndi zofooka. Mafunde a phokoso awa samayenda bwino m'mafupa okhuthala komanso m'malo odzaza mpweya kapena mpweya (monga matumbo). Chifukwa chake, sikoyenera kwambiri kufufuza madera otere.
Malangizo a njira zachipatala
Nthawi zina pamafunika kutenga chidutswa cha minofu (biopsy) kuchokera pamalo enaake mkati mwa thupi. Pankhaniyi, ultrasound imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsogolera dokotala kuti aike singano pamalo enieni.
Kuchiza
Ngakhale izi zingawoneke zodabwitsa, ukadaulo wa ultrasound umagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza kuvulala kwina kwa minofu yofewa.
Mitundu yodziwika bwino ya ma ultrasound scans
Pali mitundu ingapo ya ma ultrasound scan, kutengera momwe amachitikira komanso chiwalo chomwe chikuwunikidwa. Tiyeni timvetse bwino izi ndi tebulo.
| Mtundu wa sikani | Kufotokozera ndi kugwiritsa ntchito |
|---|
| Kujambula Mimba (Ultrasound ya Mimba) | Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsimikizira mimba ndikuwunika kukula kwa mwana, kugunda kwa mtima, ndi thanzi lake. |
| Kapangidwe ka Thupi (Anatomy Ultrasound) | Kujambula kwapadera komwe kunachitika patatha milungu 20 kuchokera pamene mayi ali ndi pakati. Kujambulaku kumafufuza ziwalo zonse za mwana (ubongo, mtima, impso, ndi zina zotero) kuyambira kumutu mpaka kumapazi mwatsatanetsatane. |
| Kuzindikira Ultrasound | Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira zizindikiro kapena zolakwika m'ziwalo monga mimba, mabere, chithokomiro, impso, ndi zina zotero. Palinso mitundu ina yomwe imaphatikizapo kuyika zida m'thupi:- Kujambula kwa Ultrasound kwa Transvaginal: Chipangizo chimayikidwa kudzera mu nyini kuti chiwone bwino chiberekero ndi mazira.
- Ultrasound Yopangidwa Mwanjira Yachibadwa: Chipangizo choyikidwa kudzera mu rectum chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira matenda a prostate.
- Kujambula kwa mtima kwa transesophageal Echocardiogram: Chipangizo chimayikidwa kudzera mu mkodzo kuti chijambule zithunzi zomveka bwino za mtima.
|
| Kujambula Doppler (Doppler Ultrasound) | Iyi ndi njira yapadera yowunikira momwe magazi amayendera mofulumira komanso momwe magazi amayendera m'mitsempha yamagazi. Ndikofunikira pozindikira matenda monga magazi kuundana. |
| Kusanthula kwa 3D ndi 4D | Kujambula kwachizolowezi (2D) kumapanga chithunzi chathyathyathya. Kujambula kwa 3D kumapanga chithunzi cha magawo atatu, ndipo kujambula kwa 4D kumapanga chithunzi choyenda cha magawo atatu (monga kanema). Izi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'ana mawonekedwe a mwana panthawi ya mimba. |
Kodi ubwino wa ultrasound ndi wotani?
Pali ubwino wambiri wochita ultrasound scan.
- Palibe ululu: Kuyeza kumeneku nthawi zambiri sikupweteka. Sikufunika kudulidwa singano, jakisoni, kapena kudula mano.
- Ndi yotetezeka kwambiri: Palibe kukhudzidwa ndi ma radiation a ayoni monga momwe zimachitikira mu X-ray kapena CT scans. Chifukwa chake, ndi yotetezeka kwambiri kwa amayi apakati komanso ngakhale ana aang'ono. Ikagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, palibe zotsatirapo zake zodziwika.
- Amaonetsa minofu yofewa bwino: Zithunzi za minofu yofewa ndi ziwalo zomwe sizimawonekera bwino pa X-ray zitha kupezeka bwino kwambiri.
- Zimapezeka mosavuta komanso zotsika mtengo: Makina a Ultrasound amapezeka m'zipatala zambiri komanso m'zipatala kuposa mitundu ina yambiri ya ma scan. Komanso ndi otsika mtengo.
Kodi mungayembekezere chiyani mukapita kukajambula?
Ngati mwakonzekera kujambulidwa ndi ultrasound, palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa kwambiri. Tiyeni tikambirane pang'ono za zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri.
Musanayambe kujambula
Dokotala adzakupatsani malangizo enieni kutengera mtundu wa scan yomwe mwachita.
- Ngati mukujambula m'mimba, mungapemphedwe kuti musadye kapena kumwa kwa maola angapo musanayesedwe .
- Ngati mukujambula m'chiuno, mungapemphedwe kuti mumwe magalasi ochepa a madzi ndikukhala ndi chikhodzodzo chokwanira . Izi zili choncho chifukwa chikhodzodzo chokwanira chimathandiza ziwalo monga chiberekero kuti ziwonekere bwino.
- Valani zovala zopepuka zomwe mungathe kuzichotsa mosavuta. Mungafunike kuvala diresi la kuchipatala.
Pa nthawi yojambula
Kujambula nthawi zambiri kumatenga mphindi 30 mpaka 60. 1. Mudzapemphedwa kugona pabedi ndi kuchotsa zovala zilizonse pamalo omwe akuyesedwa. 2. Kenako, katswiri adzapaka gel yochokera m'madzi pamalopo. Izi zitha kumveka ngati kuzizira pang'ono. Gel iyi imayikidwa pamalopo kuti pasakhale mpweya pakati pa transducer ndi khungu lanu, zomwe zimathandiza kuti mafunde a phokoso alowe bwino. 3. Kenako, katswiri adzayika transducer pamalo omwe ali ndi gel ndikuyisuntha pang'onopang'ono, ndikuyikakamiza, akuyang'ana pazenera la kompyuta. 4. Simudzamva kupweteka kulikonse. Mudzakhalabe ndi chikumbumtima nthawi yonse yoyeserera. Nthawi zina katswiri adzakufotokozerani zomwe zikuwoneka pazenera.
Pambuyo pa kusanthula
Mayeso akatha, jeliyo idzachotsedwa ndipo mutha kupita kunyumba. Ngati simunapatsidwe mankhwala oletsa ululu, mutha kuyendetsa galimoto, kudya, ndi kumwa bwino. Ngati munachitidwa scan yomwe imafuna mankhwala oletsa ululu (monga Transesophageal Echocardiogram), muyenera kudikira maola angapo kuti
mankhwala oletsa ululu athe. Mudzafunikanso munthu woti akuyendetseni kunyumba. Nthawi yomwe imatenga kuti mupeze zotsatira imasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa scan. Pa scan ya mimba, mutha kupeza zotsatira nthawi yomweyo. Pa scan ina, katswiri wa radiology adzawunikanso zithunzizo ndikulemba lipoti lomwe lidzatumizidwa kwa dokotala wanu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kujambula kwa ultrasound kumagwiritsa ntchito mafunde a phokoso omwe samveka m'khutu la munthu, osati ma radiation omwe amavulaza thupi monga ma X-ray.
- Kuyeza kumeneku sikungokhudza mimba yokha. Kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza ziwalo zambiri m'thupi, monga chiwindi, impso, mtima, mabere, ndi chithokomiro.
- Ultrasound ndi njira yotetezeka komanso yopanda ululu yoyezera matenda popanda zotsatirapo zake zodziwika.
- Ngati mwakonzekera kujambulidwa, onetsetsani kuti mwafunsa dokotala wanu momwe mungakonzekerere pasadakhale (monga kusala kudya, kumwa madzi).
Ultrasound, Scan, Mimba, Sonogram, Kujambula Zodziwitsa
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