Sizikudziwika kuti mliri wa Covid-19 wasintha bwanji miyoyo yathu. Ngakhale kuti tonse talandira katemera ndipo tatetezedwa pang'ono, kachilomboka sikadzapezeka . Mitundu yatsopano ya kachilomboka imawonekera nthawi ndi nthawi. Mungakumbukire Alpha, Beta, ndi mtundu wa Omicron womwe watchulidwa posachedwa. Pamene kachilomboka kakupitirira kusintha motere, katemera wapano nthawi zina sangagwire ntchito bwino poletsa kufalikira kwa matenda atsopanowa. Chifukwa chake kuwonjezera pa izi, kafukufuku akuchitika padziko lonse lapansi pa njira zina zotetezeka. Makamaka, pa njira zopewera kufalikira kwa matenda m'malo odzaza anthu monga masewera akuluakulu ndi makonsati a nyimbo. Umenewo ndi kafukufuku wina womwe tikambirane lero. Umenewo ndi wokhudza mankhwala opopera m'mphuno omwe akupangidwa kuti athandize Covid.
Kodi mankhwala otsukira mphuno a Covid awa ndi otani?
Ngakhale izi zikadali mu gawo la kafukufuku, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) ku United States ikuchita kafukufukuyu. Mwachidule, uwu ndi mankhwala omwe amatha kupopedwa m'mphuno. Pakadali pano, mayeso pa mbewa awonetsa zotsatira zabwino kwambiri . Chifukwa chake ofufuza amakhulupirira kuti ali ndi kuthekera kopereka chitetezo chofanana kwa anthu.
Popeza izi zikadali zatsopano, palibe zambiri zokhudza ubwino wake kapena zotsatira zake zoyipa. Koma ofufuza amakhulupirira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opopera m'mphuno munthu akapezeka ndi kachilomboka kungathandize kupewa matenda. Amakhulupiriranso kuti ngati mankhwala opoperawo agwiritsidwa ntchito mwamsanga munthu akapezeka ndi kachilomboka (mkati mwa maola 12) , angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mankhwala oyambirira.
Mu kafukufukuyu, mbewa zinabayidwa jekeseni ndi maselo a anthu ndipo zinakumana ndi kachilombo ka Covid, komwe ndi kachilombo ka SARS-CoV-2. Kenako, zinapatsidwa mankhwala opopera omwe anali ndi molekyu yapadera iyi yotchedwa N-0385. Zinatsimikiziridwa kuti molekyu iyi imatha kuteteza mbewa ku matenda. Sikuti zokhazo, yapezeka kuti imagwira ntchito bwino osati kokha motsutsana ndi kachilombo koyambirira ka Covid, komanso mitundu yake yosiyanasiyana .
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa mankhwala omwe alipo kale ndi mankhwala otsukira m'mphuno awa?
Pamene mitundu yatsopano ya kachilombo ka COVID-19 ikuyamba, mphamvu ya mankhwala ena omwe alipo kale akuchepa. Ndipotu, mankhwala ena omwe alipo kale satha ngakhale kulamulira mtundu wa Omicron. Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwala awa ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri. Ndi ovuta kupanga, kunyamula, komanso kusunga. Ndipo amatha kuperekedwa ndi dokotala yekha. Pazifukwa izi, zimakhala zovuta kuti mayiko osauka apeze mankhwala awa.
Komabe, mankhwala atsopano a m'mphuno awa ndi osiyana kwambiri. Onani tebulo ili m'munsimu kuti muyerekezere.
| Mbali | Kupopera Mphuno | Chithandizo cha Antibody |
|---|---|---|
| Mtengo ndi kupanga | Ndi yotsika mtengo ndipo ingapangidwe pogwiritsa ntchito tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga E. coli. | Zokwera mtengo kwambiri. Zovuta kupanga, kunyamula, komanso kusunga. |
| Malo Osungirako | Ikhoza kusungidwa bwino ngakhale kutentha kwambiri. | Ziyenera kusungidwa mufiriji yapadera. |
| Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito | Mutha kupopera m'mphuno mwanu nokha. N'zosavuta kwambiri. | Iyenera kuperekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha (IV) ndi dokotala yekha. |
| Motsutsana ndi mitundu | Mayeso asonyeza kuti imagwira ntchito bwino polimbana ndi mitundu yambiri yatsopano. | Kupambana motsutsana ndi mitundu yatsopano (monga Omicron) n'kochepa. |
Ofufuza akuyembekeza kuti posachedwapa apereka mankhwala opopera mphuno awa ngakhale m'ma pharmacy wamba.
Kodi mankhwala opopera a m'mphuno awa amagwira ntchito bwanji?
Kuti timvetse izi, choyamba tiyenera kumvetsetsa momwe kachilombo ka Covid kamalowera m'matupi mwathu. Tangoganizani kuti kachilombo ka Covid kali ngati mpira wawung'ono wokhala ndi mikwingwirima yambiri. Timatcha mapuloteni awa kuti mikwingwirima. Maselo a thupi lathu ali ndi ma receptors omwe amafanana ndi mikwingwirima iyi ndendende, monga momwe kiyi imagwirizira loko. Pamene mapuloteni awa a mikwingwirima mu kachilomboka alumikizidwa ndi ma receptors awa m'maselo athu, kachilomboka kamalowa m'maselo ndikutipangitsa kudwala.
Mankhwala amakono a antibody amaletsa mapuloteni awa opindika. Koma pamene kachilomboka kakusintha ndipo mitundu yatsopano imayamba, mawonekedwe a mapuloteni awa opindika amasinthanso pang'ono. Kenako mankhwala akale sangazindikire bwino mawonekedwe atsopano.
Komabe, spray yatsopanoyi ya m'mphuno imagwira ntchito mosiyana. Siimayang'ana puloteni ya kachilomboka, koma cholandirira maselo athu . Mwanjira ina, chomwe spray iyi imachita ndikutseka 'lock' kwakanthawi. Kenako, ngakhale 'kiyi' ya kachilomboka ili yosiyana bwanji, palibe loko yoti igwirizane nayo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake tikukhulupirira kuti njira iyi ingakhale yopambananso pa mitundu yatsopano.
Kodi izi zikuyenda bwinodi?
Mu mayeso mpaka pano, izi zapambana kwambiri pa mbewa. Pamene mbewa zomwe zinagwidwa ndi Covid zinapatsidwa mankhwala a N-0385 awa, 70% zinapulumuka , ndipo mapapu awo sanawonekere kuti awonongeka. Mu mayeso ena, pamene mbewa 10 zinapatsidwa chithandizochi kwa masiku 4, zonse 10 zinapulumuka. Komabe, mbewa imodzi yokha mwa mbewa 20 zomwe zinapatsidwa mankhwala amchere m'malo mwa mankhwala awa zinapulumuka.
Mayeso awa akusonyeza kuti uwu ndi mankhwala odalirika kwambiri. Gawo lotsatira ndikuyamba kuyesa anthu. Ndalama zofunikira zikalandiridwa, tidzatha kudziwa bwino momwe izi zilili zotetezeka komanso zothandiza mwa anthu. Chifukwa chake, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti izi zikadali mu gawo lofufuza. Koma zitha kukhala chida champhamvu polimbana ndi mavairasi monga Covid mtsogolo.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kafukufuku akuchitika pa mankhwala opopera m'mphuno kuti ateteze ku kachilombo ka COVID-19. Izi zikuyesedwabe.Idakali mu gawo lofufuza ndipo sinatulutsidwe kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito ndi anthu onse.
- Mayeso ogwiritsira ntchito mbewa apereka zotsatira zabwino kwambiri, ndipo agwira ntchito popewa matenda komanso ngati chithandizo kumayambiriro kwa matenda.
- Mankhwala opopera awa akuyembekezeka kukhala otsika mtengo, osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, komanso osavuta kusunga m'malo mwa mankhwala ochepetsa ma antibodies omwe pano ndi okwera mtengo komanso ovuta kugwiritsa ntchito.
- Izi zimagwira ntchito potseka kwakanthawi ma receptors omwe ali m'maselo athu omwe amalola kachilombo kulowa, m'malo molunjika mbali zina za kachilomboka. Izi zimapangitsa kuti kagwire ntchito bwino polimbana ndi mitundu yatsopano ya kachilomboka.
- Pambuyo poyesedwa ndi anthu okha ndi pomwe kupambana kwenikweni ndi chitetezo cha izi zingatsimikizidwe. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale pali chiyembekezo cha mtsogolo, ndikofunikira kwambiri kupeza katemera wamakono ndikutsatira malangizo azaumoyo.
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