Ese umwana wawe ahura n'ingorane zo kwicara agahagarara no gukora ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose? Ese yiruka cyane agasimbuka? Cyangwa wumva adateze amatwi ibivugwa? Hamwe n'ibi bintu, ushobora kuba warumvise ibyerekeye ADHD ( Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) . Ababyeyi benshi barahangayikishijwe n'ibi. None rero, uyu munsi, reka tuganire ku cyo ADHD ari cyo mu by'ukuri, n'uburyo ubwonko bw'umwana ufite ADHD butandukanye n'ubwonko bw'umwana udafite iyo ndwara.
ADHD si ikosa ry'umwana cyangwa ubwenge buke!
Mbere na mbere, ikintu cy'ingenzi twese tugomba gusobanukirwa ni uko ADHD atari umwana utagira ubwenge, umunebwe, utavuga rumwe n'abandi, cyangwa utagira ubwenge. Ni indwara yemewe n'abaganga. Impuguke zasanze hari itandukaniro mu miterere, imikorere, n'imiti y'ubwonko bw'abantu bafite ADHD n'abatayifite.
Tekereza kuri ubu buryo: ubwonko bwacu bumeze nka mudasobwa igoye igizwe n'ibice byinshi. Buri gice gikora imirimo itandukanye.
1. Itandukaniro mu miterere y'ubwonko
Agace k'imbere k'ubwonko ni igice cy'ubwonko bwacu kiri imbere y'umutwe wacu. Kimeze nk'icyumba cyacu cyo kugenzura. Kigenzura imirimo myinshi y'ingenzi nko gutekereza, gutegura, gufata ibyemezo, kwibanda ku bintu, kwibuka, kugenzura amarangamutima , no kugenzura ibyifuzo.
Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko uru rugingo rw'imbere rw'ubwonko ku bana bafite ADHD rushobora gukura nyuma gato y'abandi bana, nk'uko bashobora gukura nyuma gato y'abandi bana bo mu ishuri ryabo.
Byagaragaye kandi ko bimwe mu bice by'ubwonko bigenzura amarangamutima n'ibyifuzo bishobora kuba bito gato ku bana bafite ADHD. Hashobora kandi kugabanuka gato k'ubwonko muri rusange, cyane cyane mu bwana.
2. Itandukaniro mu mikorere
Ntabwo bihagije kugira ibice by'ubwonko gusa, ibyo bice bigomba kuba bifite amaraso meza kandi 'bikora'. Muri ADHD, hashobora kubaho impinduka zimwe na zimwe mu gutembera kw'amaraso mu bice by'imbere by'ubwonko. Ibi bivuze ko imikorere y'ibyo bice ishobora kugabanuka gato.
Ubuhanga bwo mu mutwe bwo mu rwego rwo hejuru bugenzurwa n'ibi bice bwitwa imirimo y'ubuyobozi . Muri make, ni nk'umuyobozi mukuru mu mitwe yacu. Bashinzwe gutegura, gutunganya, kurangiza imirimo, no gucunga igihe. Iyi ni imwe mu mpamvu zishobora kugora umwana ufite ADHD.
Si ibyo gusa, ahubwo hashobora no kubaho itandukaniro mu buryo ibice bitandukanye by'ubwonko 'bivugana' (imikorere y'ubwonko). Tekereza, mu itsinda rikora neza, buri wese aganira neza. Ariko iyo isano iri hagati yabo idakomeye, akazi kaba karimo akajagari, si byo se? Hari igihe ibintu nk'ibyo bibaho mu bwonko bwa ADHD.
3. Itandukaniro ry'ibinyabutabire mu bwonko
Ubwonko bwacu butwara amakuru bukoresheje insinga z'imiti zitwa neurotransmitters . Bameze nk'aba postmen. Babiri muri izi nsinga zigize uruhare runini muri ADHD. Ni dopamine na noradrenaline .
Dopamine ni shimi y'ingenzi cyane ku byishimo byacu, kunyurwa kwacu, ku gushishikarira no kwita ku bintu.
Umwana urwaye ADHD agira ikibazo cyo kutamenya neza iyi dopamine mu bwonko bwe. Hari aho dopamine itaba ihagije, cyangwa ubwonko ntibushobore gukoresha dopamine ifite neza.
Niyo mpamvu abaganga batanga imiti itera imbaraga ivura ADHD. Iyi miti igabanya urugero rwa dopamine kandi igafasha ubwonko gukora neza.
Ni gute umuganga amenya neza ko umuntu afite ADHD?
Kuyisuzuma ntabwo byoroshye. Umuganga akoresha amabwiriza yemewe ku rwego mpuzamahanga kugira ngo ayisuzume neza. Yitwa DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual) . Dukurikije ibi, kugira ngo hamenyekane ko umwana afite ADHD, ibimenyetso byo kutita ku bintu cyangwa gukora cyane no guhubuka bigomba kumara igihe kirekire, kugeza aho iterambere ry'umwana rigabanuka.
Urashobora kubona neza ibyo biranga ukurikije imbonerahamwe ebyiri ziri hepfo.
| Ibimenyetso byo kutita ku kintu runaka | |
|---|---|
| 1 | Kwirengagiza utuntu duto mu kazi, gukora amakosa atabanje kwitonda. |
| 2 | Kugorwa no gukomeza kwibanda ku kintu runaka, haba ku kazi cyangwa mu mikino. |
| 3 | Usa n'aho ntateze amatwi iyo avuga. |
| 4 | Kugorwa no kurangiza imirimo ukurikije amabwiriza. |
| 5 | Kugorwa no kurangiza akazi mu buryo bunoze kandi buteguye neza. |
| 6 | Kwirinda cyangwa kwanga akazi gasaba imbaraga zo mu mutwe igihe kirekire. |
| 7 | Gutakaza kenshi ibintu bikenewe mu kazi (amakaramu, ibitabo, ibikinisho). |
| 8 | Biroroshye kurangazwa n'ibintu byo hanze. |
| 9 | Kwibagirwa kenshi mu mirimo ya buri munsi. |
| Ibimenyetso byo gukora cyane no gukora ibintu bidakunze kubaho | |
|---|---|
| 1 | Gukubita ibirenge cyangwa amaboko, kwihuta mu ntebe. |
| 2 | Kubyuka ku ntebe igihe wagombaga kwicara. |
| 3 | Kwiruka no kuzamuka mu bihe bitabereye. |
| 4 | Kudashobora gukina bucece cyangwa gukora ibikorwa byo kwidagadura. |
| 5 | Buri gihe asa n'uri 'wiruka' cyangwa 'uri mu rugendo'. |
| 6 | Kuvuga ubudatuza. |
| 7 | Kwihutira gusubiza ikibazo mbere yuko gisubizwa. |
| 8 | Kugorwa no gutegereza igihe cyawe. |
| 9 | Kubangamira (kubangamira) imvugo cyangwa ibikorwa by'abandi. |
Ibindi bintu bikenewe kugira ngo umuntu amenye indwara
Si buri mwana wese ufite ibi bimenyetso ufite ADHD. Muganga azashakisha ibi bintu kugira ngo amenye niba afite ADHD:
- Ibyinshi muri ibi bimenyetso bigomba kuba byaratangiye mbere y'imyaka 12 .
- Ibi biranga bigomba kugaragara ahantu habiri cyangwa henshi (urugero: mu rugo, ku ishuri, mu bikorwa bitari iby'ishuri).
- Ibi bimenyetso bigomba kuba bitera ikibazo gikomeye mu mibereho y'umwana, uburezi, cyangwa imikorere ye ya buri munsi .
- Ibi bimenyetso ntibigomba gusobanurwa n'indi ndwara yo mu mutwe cyangwa uburwayi.
Niba ufite impungenge ku mwana wawe, ni byiza kubivuganaho na muganga wujuje ibisabwa. Ntugerageze kwisuzuma ushakisha amakuru kuri interineti. Umuganga azafata icyemezo cyiza nyuma yo gusuzuma neza umwana wawe no kubona amakuru aturutse kuri wowe n'abarimu b'umwana wawe.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- ADHD si ikintu giterwa n'umwana cyangwa ababyeyi be. Ni indwara nyayo iterwa n'imiterere, imikorere, na chimie by'ubwonko.
- Kugira ADHD ntibisobanura ko umwana aba afite ubwenge buke, ahubwo bivuze ko afite itandukaniro mu buryo atekereza n'uburyo atunganya amakuru.
- Niba ukeka ko umwana wawe afite ibi bimenyetso, nyamuneka gisha inama umuganga w'abana cyangwa umuganga w'indwara zo mu mutwe .
- Iyo abana bafite ADHD bapimwe neza, bagahabwa ubufasha, kandi bagahabwa ubufasha, bashobora kubaho ubuzima bwiza kandi bushimishije nk'abandi bana. Bityo rero, ntimugatinye, kandi mukurikize inama z'abaganga zikwiye.
💬 Comments (0)
Kwipimisha kanseri y'ibere, kwisuzuma no kwirinda byakozwe byoroshye. Kanseri y'ibihaha
Ishyirireho intego ya calorie hanyuma ubare itariki yo kugabanya ibiro.