Ese wigeze wibaza uburyo ushobora kwimura amaboko n'amaguru yawe utiriwe utekereza, uburyo ushobora gukura ikiganza cyawe ku kintu gishyushye mbere yuko gikoraho, cyangwa uburyo ibintu nko guhumeka no gutera k'umutima bibaho mu buryo bwikora utabizi? Ibi byose bigenzurwa inyuma n'umuyoboro utangaje kandi wihuta cyane w'ubutumwa mu mubiri wacu. Uyu munsi turimo kuvuga kuri ubu buryo butangaje, mu buvuzi bwitwa sisitemu y'imitsi .
Mu magambo make, ni iki urwego rw'imitsi rukora?
Tekereza umubiri wawe nk'umujyi munini. Sisitemu y'imitsi ni yo itumanaho rihambaye cyane muri uwo mujyi. Ni muri ubwo buryo ubutumwa bwoherezwa kandi bukakirwa buva mu gice kimwe cy'umubiri bujya mu kindi. Ahantu hanini, cyangwa icyumba cyo kugenzura, ni ubwonko bwacu .
Ubwonko, umugongo, n'imitsi inyura mu mubiri wose ni byo bice by'ingenzi by'iyi sisitemu. Iyi mitsi, igenda nk'insinga z'amashanyarazi, itwara ubutumwa buva mu bwonko bujya mu bindi bice by'umubiri, kandi ubutumwa buva mu bindi bice by'umubiri bugasubira mu bwonko. Kugira ngo hahererekanywe ubwo butumwa, hakoreshwa uturemangingo tutari duto tubarirwa muri za miriyari. Tuyita neuron . Ubu butumwa bwoherezwa mu buryo bw'ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi n'ibinyabutabire.
Iyi sisitemu ikora ite?
Iyi ni inzira itangaje cyane. Miriyari z'imitsi y'ubwonko twavuze mbere zihujwe kugira ngo zohereze ubutumwa. Icyuho gito kiri hagati y'imitsi y'ubwonko imwe n'indi yitwa synapse .
Ubutumwa buva kuri neuron imwe bujya kuri iyindi bunyura kuri iyi synapse. Ibi bifashwa n'ibinyabutabire byihariye byitwa neurotransmitters . Ushobora kuba warumvise dopamine na serotonin, ariko ni ubwoko bubiri bw'ibinyabutabire.
Tekereza ugenda nta nkweto ukagira ihwa rigutera. Muri ako kanya, imitsi yo mu birenge byawe yohereza ubutumwa bugira buti "Ibi birababaza!", ku muvuduko mwinshi unyuze mu mitsi yo mu ruti rw'umugongo wawe ijya mu bwonko bwawe. Ubwonko busobanukirwa ubwo butumwa maze busubiza itegeko buti "Kura ikirenge cyawe mu nzira!" Ibi byose biba mu kanya gato k'ijisho. Hari ubutumwa bugenda ku muvuduko urenga kilometero 300 mu isaha.
Ibice by'ingenzi by'urusobe rw'imitsi
Kubera ko igenzura hafi ya buri gikorwa cyose mu mubiri wacu, abahanga mu bya siyansi bagabanya urusobe rw'imitsi mo ibice bibiri by'ingenzi kugira ngo byorohe.
| Igice cya sisitemu | Uruhare n'ibisobanuro |
|---|---|
| 1. Udutsi two mu bwonko two hagati (CNS) | Iki ni cyo 'gikoresho cyacu cyo kugenzura'. Kigizwe n'ubwonko n'umugongo gusa. Ubwonko burinzwe neza n'agahanga naho umugongo ukingwa n'umugongo. Byongeye kandi, birinzwe cyane n'uturemangingo dutatu twitwa meninges n'amazi yitwa cerebrospinal fluid . |
| 2. Sisitemu y'imitsi yo mu gice cyo hagati (PNS) | Uru ni urusobe rw'imitsi iva mu bwonko no mu ruti rw'umugongo igatwikira umubiri wose. Ibi kandi bigabanyijemo ibice bibiri. |
| ↳ Sisitemu y'imitsi ikora ku buryo bwikora | Iki gice kigenzura ibintu tudashobora kugenzura tubigambiriye (umutima utera, guhumeka, kubira ibyuya, igogora). Kifite kandi ibice bibiri bihanganye: Sympathetic (itegura umubiri 'kurwana cyangwa guhunga' mu gihe cy'impanuka) na Parasympathetic (ifasha umubiri 'kuruhuka no gusya'). |
| ↳ Sisitemu y'imitsi yo mu bwonko | Iki gice kigenzura ibintu dushobora kugenzura nkana (imitsi, imvugo) n'ibyumviro byacu (kumva, kubona, kumva, gusogongera, guhumurirwa). |
Ni izihe ndwara zigira ingaruka ku mitsi?
Nubwo uturemangingo tw’imitsi dufite uburinzi bwiza, kimwe n’izindi ngingo zose, dushobora no guhura n’indwara zitandukanye ndetse no kwangirika.
Indwara zandurira mu mubiri
Udukoko dushobora kwinjira mu bwonko tugatera indwara.
- Meningite : Kwandura kw'uturemangingo n'amazi akikije ubwonko n'umugongo.
- Encephalitis: Kwandura no kubyimba ubwonko.
- Igisebe cyo mu bwonko: Ikusanyirizo ry'amashyira mu bwonko.
- Polio : Indwara iterwa na virusi ikunze kugaragara cyane, ikaba ifata imitsi.
Impanuka zatewe n'impanuka
Uturemangingo tw’imitsi dushobora kwangirika bitewe n’impanuka z’ibinyabiziga, imvune zo mu mikino, kugwa, cyangwa indwara zimwe na zimwe.
- Carpal tunnel syndrome: Indwara iterwa no gukanda imitsi ikomeye mu kuboko.
- Imitsi icucitse: Umutsi upfukiranwa n'ingingo nk'amagufwa cyangwa imitsi.
- Indwara y'imitsi yo mu bwonko: Kwangirika kw'imitsi yo hanze y'ubwonko n'umugongo.
Indwara zigira ingaruka ku mikorere y'imitsi
- Indwara ya Parkinson: Indwara y'ubwonko igira ingaruka ku mikorere y'umubiri kandi ikarushaho kwiyongera uko igihe kigenda.
- Multiple sclerosis: Indwara yangiza umwambaro urinda imitsi.
- Indwara ya Alzheimer: Ubwoko bw'indwara yo kwibagirwa ikunze kugaragara cyane, irangwa no gutakaza kwibuka buhoro buhoro.
- ALS (Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis): Indwara itera kubura ubushobozi bwo kugenzura imitsi.
Ibibazo by'imitsi y'amaraso
- Stroke: Kwangirika k'ubwonko guterwa no kuziba cyangwa gucika k'umuyoboro w'amaraso utanga amaraso mu bwonko.
- TIA (Indwara y'ihungabana ry'igihe gito): Kubuza amaraso mu bwonko by'agateganyo.
- Hematoma yo mu gice cy'ubwonko: Kuva amaraso hafi y'ubwonko nyuma yo gukomereka ku mutwe.
Wamenya ute niba hari ikibazo mu mitsi?
Ibimenyetso by'ikibazo cy'imitsi biratandukanye, bitewe n'ubwoko bw'imitsi yafashwe.
| Ubwoko bw'imihangayiko | Ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragara iyo bifashwe |
|---|---|
| Imitsi y'ingufu z'imitsi (igenzura imitsi n'ingendo zayo) | Kubabara imitsi, intege nke, guhindagura imitsi, gucika intege kw'imitsi, ibibazo byo kugenda no kuringaniza imikorere. |
| Imitsi ikoresha ubushishozi (gukoraho, ubushyuhe, ububabare) | Kubura ibinya, gushya cyangwa ububabare mu ngingo, kugabanuka k'ubushyuhe/ubukonje, kugorwa no gukora imirimo yoroshye nko gukanda. |
| Imitsi ikora ku buryo bw'umubiri (autonomic nerves) (Igenzura ibikorwa bibaho mu buryo bwikora) | Umutima utera vuba cyangwa buhoro, impinduka mu muvuduko w'amaraso, kugorwa no kumira, kubira ibyuya byinshi cyangwa kutagira ibyuya, kuribwa mu nda cyangwa impiswi. |
Icy'ingenzi ni uko ibimenyetso byinshi muri ibi bishobora guterwa n'izindi ndwara, bityo niba ufite ibi bimenyetso, ni byiza kuvugana na muganga wawe kugira ngo amenye neza ibirimo kuba.
Ni gute twakomeza kubungabunga uburyo bwo kongerera imitsi yacu ubuzima?
Impinduka nke zoroshye mu mibereho yacu zishobora kugira uruhare runini mu kubungabunga ubuzima bw'imitsi.
Indyo n'imikorere y'ubwonko
Ibyo urya bigira ingaruka ku buzima bw'igihe kirekire bw'ubwonko bwawe n'imitsi. Ibiribwa birimo izi ntungamubiri ni ingenzi cyane:
- Aside y'ibinure ya Omega-3: Ishobora kuboneka mu mafi afite amavuta (salmon, mackerel, herring), imbuto za flax, imbuto za chia, n'imbuto z'ubunyobwa nka walnuts.
- Vitamine B: Ibi biboneka mu nkoko, amafi, amagi, yawurute, ibirayi, amashaza n'imbuto.
- Antioxydants: Izi zishobora kuboneka mu mboga n'imbuto zifite amabara menshi, ibinyampeke byuzuye, n'ibirungo.
Igihe cyose bishoboka, gerageza kurya ibiryo byuzuye aho kurya ibiryo byatunganyijwe.
Imihangayiko n'imitsi
Niba uhora uhangayika cyangwa uhangayitse, ni umutwaro ukomeye ku mitsi yawe. Dore bimwe mu bintu ushobora gukora kugira ngo ubishobore:
- Guhumeka buhoro buhoro, mu buryo bwimbitse.
- Gusuka amazi make ku maso.
- Gukora imyitozo nko kugenda no koga.
- Gukora imyitozo nko gutekereza cyane cyangwa yoga.
- Niba uri umuntu mukuru, jya uryama amasaha 7-9 ku munsi.
Niba udashobora kugenzura ibi bintu,Reba muganga wawe kugira ngo akugire inama .
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Uturemangingo tw’imitsi ni rwo rusobe rw’itumanaho rw’umubiri wacu, rugizwe n’ubwonko, uruti rw’umugongo n’imitsi.
- Ingendo zacu zose, uko twumva, uko umutima utera, no guhumeka kwacu bigenzurwa n'iyi gahunda.
- Indyo yuzuye, kugabanya imihangayiko no gusinzira bihagije ni ingenzi ku buzima bw'imitsi.
- Niba ufite ibimenyetso nko kugira ibinya, intege nke, ibibazo byo kwibuka, cyangwa ingorane zo kugenda, ntugapfushe umwanya kandi uhite ubonana na muganga wawe.
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