Ese umwana wawe afite ikibazo cyo kurangiza akazi? Ese ahura n'ingorane zo kuguma ahantu hamwe igihe gito? Cyangwa se ntabwo yitaye ku ishuri? Nk'umubyeyi, ni ibisanzwe kumva ufite ubwoba no guhangayika iyo ubonye ibintu nk'ibi. Ushobora kuba warumvise indwara yitwa ADHD . Uyu munsi rero tugiye kuganira ku kibazo cya ADHD n'uko, nk'uko bamwe babivuga, gishobora gupimwa hakoreshejwe ikizamini cya EEG.
Mbere ya byose, ADHD ni iki mu by'ukuri?
Mu magambo make, ADHD, cyangwa indwara yo kudashaka kwita ku mwana , ni indwara igira ingaruka ku mikurire n'imikorere y'ubwonko bw'umwana. Si ikintu kibi ku mwana cyangwa ikosa mu kurera. Ni indwara y'uburwayi.
Umwana urwaye ADHD ashobora kugira ibyiciro bibiri by'ingenzi by'ibimenyetso:
- Kutagira icyo bitaho : Bagorwa no kwita ku kintu kimwe igihe kirekire. Biroroshye kurangazwa. Ibi bigaragarira cyane cyane iyo bumva isomo mu ishuri, bakora umukoro, cyangwa bateranya igikinisho.
- Gukabya no gukora ibintu bidakunze kubaho : Ibi birimo ibintu nko kudashobora kwicara, guhora uhinda umushyitsi, kudategereza igihe cyawe, no guhagarika abandi mu buryo butunguranye igihe barimo kuvuga.
Igikuru ni uko umwana adashobora gufatwa nk'umuntu ufite ADHD kubera ko afite kimwe cyangwa bibiri muri ibi bimenyetso. Muganga asuzuma iyo ndwara nyuma yo kwiga byimbitse imyitwarire y'umwana mu gihe cy'amezi 6 nibura , mu rugo no mu buryo butandukanye , nko ku ishuri, ndetse no nyuma yo kubona amakuru aturutse ku babyeyi n'abarimu.
None se, iki kizamini cya EEG ni iki?
EEG ni ijambo rihinnye rya Electroencephalogram . Ipima imiraba mito y'amashanyarazi mu bwonko bwacu ikayifata kuri mudasobwa. Tekereza nko gufata ECG kugira ngo urebe imikorere y'umutima, ibi bipima imikorere y'ubwonko .
Iki ni ikizamini kidababaza kandi gifite umutekano . Gikubiyemo gushyira udupira duto tw'icyuma (electrodes) ku mutwe. Hari igihe umuntu yambara agapfundikizo kadasanzwe kuri ibi. Ibimenyetso biva muri utu dupira bifatwa na mudasobwa.
Abaganga bakoresha ibizamini bya EEG kugira ngo bamenye izindi ndwara nyinshi usibye ADHD.
| Izindi manza aho ibizamini bya EEG bikoreshwa |
|---|
| Gusuzuma indwara zo mu mutwe nk'igicuri . |
| Niba hari ukekwaho ikibyimba cyo mu bwonko . |
| Kugira ngo urebe niba hari ibibazo byo gusinzira . |
| Gusuzuma ibyangiritse mu bwonko nyuma y'indwara nk'imitsi yo mu bwonko . |
Ni gute EEG ikoreshwa mu gusuzuma ADHD?
Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko imiterere y'ubwonko bw'abantu bafite ADHD itandukanye gato n'iy'abadafite iyo ndwara. Iri tandukaniro ni ryo shingiro ryo kugerageza gukoresha EEG kugira ngo basuzume ADHD.
Hari uburyo bwihariye bwagenewe iyi gahunda, bwitwa Neuropsychiatric EEG-Based Assessment Aid (NEBA) System . FDA muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika yemeje ubu buryo mu 2013. Ariko ni ubw'abana bari hagati y'imyaka 6 na 17 gusa.
Sisitemu ya NEBA ipima imiraba ya theta, ubwoko bw'imiraba y'ubwonko igenda buhoro, na miraba ya beta , ubwoko bw'imiraba y'ubwonko yihuta, kandi ikabara igipimo kiri hagati y'ibyo bibiri. Igitekerezo kiri inyuma y'ibi ni uko abana bafite ADHD bafite igipimo kiri hejuru.
Ese ubu buryo bufite akamaro koko? Abahanga mu bya siyansi bavuga iki?
Aha niho birushaho kuba ingenzi kandi bikagorana. Hari ibitekerezo bitandukanye kuri ubu buryo.
Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwagaragaje ko ubwo sisitemu ya NEBA yahuzwaga n'uburyo busanzwe bukoreshwa n'abaganga mu gusuzuma ADHD, ukuri kw'isuzuma ryiyongereye kuva kuri 61% kugera kuri 88% . Ibi bivuze ko bifite akamaro. By'umwihariko, ubu bushakashatsi bwavuze ko bushobora kuba ingirakamaro mu gutandukanya ADHD n'izindi ndwara zifite ibimenyetso bisa.
Ariko, abahanga mu bya siyansi n'abaganga benshi baracyashidikanya kuri ubu buryo. Bavuga ko nta bushakashatsi buhagije buhari bwo kumenya niba ADHD ihari cyangwa idahari hashingiwe gusa kuri ibi bisubizo bya EEG .
Kuki bavuga batyo?
Impamvu nyamukuru ni uko hari ibindi bintu byinshi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku miterere y'imiraba y'ubwonko. Urugero, niba umwana asinziriye gato mu gihe cyo gupimwa, bishobora guhindura imiterere y'imiraba y'ubwonko. Biragoye kwizera byimazeyo ibisubizo byabonetse muri icyo gihe. Kubwibyo, bamwe bavuga ko ibi bisubizo bidakwiye kwizerwa.
Ni iki wakora nk'umubyeyi?
Nubwo bimeze gutyo, niba muganga wawe agusabye gupima EEG kugira ngo arebe niba umwana wawe afite ADHD, hari ibintu bike ugomba kumenya.
1. Gira icyizere: Vugana na muganga wawe ku byiza n'ibibi by'iki kizamini. Ntutinye kubaza ibibazo nka "Muganga, ni gute ibisubizo by'iki kizamini byizewe?"
2. Iyi si yo mpamvu yonyine: Wibuke ko ikizamini cya EEG ari igice gito cy’uburyo bwo gusuzuma ADHD. Ntibishoboka kwemeza ko umwana afite ADHD hashingiwe ku bisubizo by’iki kizamini gusa.
3. Isuzuma ryuzuye rya muganga ni ngombwa: Gusuzuma indwara ya ADHD bisaba isuzuma ryuzuye kandi ryuzuye rya muganga . Muganga azakenera rwose kubona amakuru kuri wowe , umubyeyi, abarimu b'umwana, n'abandi bamwitaho. Ni ngombwa gusuzuma mu buryo bwimbitse imyitwarire y'umwana, ibibazo byo kwiga, n'imibanire ye n'abandi.
Mu magambo make, kugereranya ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi bwa EEG n'andi makuru yose muganga akusanya ni nko gushyira hamwe ibice by'amashusho. Ntushobora kubona ishusho yose hamwe n'igice kimwe.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- ADHD si ikosa ry'umwana, ahubwo ni indwara ijyanye n'imikorere y'ubwonko. Igomba gusuzumwa na muganga w'inzobere.
- EEG ni ikizamini kidababaza kandi cyizewe gipima imiraba y'amashanyarazi mu bwonko.
- Nubwo uburyo bwihariye bwa EEG bwitwa NEBA bukoreshwa mu gufasha gusuzuma ADHD, hari impaka za siyansi ku bijyanye n'intsinzi n'uburyo bwizewe.
- Umwana ntagomba na rimwe gupimwa indwara ya ADHD hashingiwe gusa ku bisubizo by'ikizamini cya EEG. Ni kimwe mu bifasha mu gusuzuma indwara .
- Niba ufite gushidikanya ku kibazo cy'umwana wawe, ni ngombwa cyane kubiganiraho na muganga wawe no kugera ku mwanzuro ukwiye binyuze mu isuzuma ryuzuye ry'ubuvuzi.
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