Ese amarangi y'ibiribwa agira ingaruka ku myitwarire mibi y'umwana wawe? (Amarangi y'ibiribwa na ADHD)

Ikibazo ababyeyi benshi baza ku mavuriro yacu ni iki: "Muganga, iyo anyoye ikinyobwa cy'amabara cyangwa ariye agace k'umugati w'amabara, ubugizi bwa nabi bwe bwiyongera inshuro icumi." Wenda nawe wumva kimwe ku mwana wawe. None se aya marangi y'ibiribwa by'ubukorano agira ingaruka ku myitwarire y'abana, cyane cyane indwara nka ADHD? Iyi ni ingingo yateje ibiganiro byinshi ku isi yose. Reka tubiganireho mu buryo bworoshye kandi busobanutse uyu munsi.

Reka tubanze turebe icyo ADHD ari cyo.

Mbere yuko twinjira muri iyi nkuru, reka dusobanukirwe icyo ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) ari cyo. ADHD si imyitwarire mibi y'umwana nkana, cyangwa ngo ibe ikosa ryo kurera. Ni indwara y'imitsi ijyanye n'iterambere ry'ubwonko. Abana bafite iyi ndwara bashobora kugaragaza ibimenyetso bitatu by'ingenzi:

• Kutagira icyo witayeho: Kugorwa no gukomeza kwibanda ku gikorwa kimwe. Kurangara byoroshye. Kugorwa no gukurikiza amabwiriza no kurangiza imirimo mu buryo bunoze.
• Gukoresha imbaraga nyinshi : Ntibigera biguma ahantu hamwe. Buri gihe ahora yihuta, yiruka, asimbuka. Agorwa no guceceka no gukora akazi.
• Guhubuka: Gukora ibintu nta gutekereza. Gusubiza ibibazo mbere yuko birangira. Ntabwo nshobora gutegereza igihe cyabyo.

Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere yabo mu ishuri, imibanire yabo n'inshuti, ndetse n'imibereho y'umuryango. None se, nk'uko ababyeyi bibaza, 'ibara' riri mu biribwa ni ryo ribitera?

Ese koko gusiga irangi mu biribwa bituma abana barushaho kuba abanyamwaga?

Abahanga mu bya siyansi bamaze imyaka irenga 30 bagerageza gusubiza iki kibazo, ariko ibisubizo byagiye bivuguruzanya. Ariko, bumwe mu bushakashatsi bw'ingenzi kuri iyi ngingo bwakozwe n'Ikigo gishinzwe ibiribwa mu Bwongereza mu 2007.

Tekereza, abana bagera kuri 300 bitabiriye ubu bushakashatsi. Abana bari hagati y’imyaka 3 na 8-9 bahawe ubwoko butatu bw’ibinyobwa, hanyuma ababyeyi n’abarimu bareba imyitwarire yabo.

Reba imbonerahamwe iri hepfo kugira ngo urebe ibyo binyobwa.

Ibisubizo by’ubushakashatsi birashishikaje cyane. Nyuma yo kunywa ubwoko bwombi bw’ibinyobwa birimo amabara y’ubukorano, imyitwarire yo gukora cyane yiyongereye ku bana bari hagati y’imyaka 8 na 9. Nubwo gukora cyane byiyongereye ku bana b’imyaka 3 nyuma yo kunywa bwa mbere, icya kabiri nticyagaragaje ko cyazamutse cyane.

Bahereye kuri ibi bisubizo, abashakashatsi basanze hashobora kuba hari isano mbi hagati y’amabara amwe n’amwe y’ibiryo by’ubukorano n’imyitwarire ikabije mu bana.

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None se irangi ry'ibiribwa ni ryo ryonyine ritera ADHD?

Aha niho tugomba gusobanukirwa neza. Nubwo ubushakashatsi bwavuzwe haruguru bugaragaza isano, nta bushakashatsi bwa siyansi bwagaragaje neza ko ibara ry'ibiryo ritera ADHD.

ADHD ni indwara igoye cyane, ifite ibintu byinshi biyitera.

• Impinduka mu miterere y'ubwonko n'imiti: Abana bafite ADHD bagira impinduka zimwe na zimwe mu mikorere n'imiti itera imitsi mu bice bimwe na bimwe by'ubwonko.
• Umurage: Iyo umuntu mu muryango afite ADHD, ibyago byo kurwara iyo ndwara biba byinshi.
• Ibintu bibangamira ibidukikije: Ibintu nko kunywa itabi ry’umubyeyi, kunywa inzoga , no kubyara umwana ufite ibiro bike mu gihe atwite nabyo bishobora kugira ingaruka.

Mu magambo make, ibara ry'ibiryo ni imbarutso ishobora rimwe na rimwe kongera ibimenyetso ku mwana urwaye ADHD, ariko si yo mpamvu nyamukuru itera iyo ndwara.

Ese koko abana bahinduka abanyamwaga iyo bariye isukari?

Iki ni ikintu ababyeyi benshi bumva, kimwe n'inkuru yo gusiga irangi ku biribwa. Ushobora kuba uzi uko byagenze ko umwana wawe azatangira guhangayika akimara kurya ibiryo biryoshye, shokora, cyangwa kunywa ikinyobwa kiryoshye.

Hari ibisobanuro bya siyansi kuri ibi. Iyo turya isukari (cyane cyane isukari itunganyijwe), iyo sukari yinjizwa vuba mu maraso yacu. Ibi bitera kwiyongera gutunguranye kwa adrenaline mu mibiri yacu. Ibi ni byo twita 'sugar rush'. Ibi bishobora gutuma umwana agira imbaraga nyinshi mu gihe runaka. Nyuma y'igihe runaka, uko isukari mu maraso igabanuka, imikorere y'umwana nayo iragabanuka.

Ariko icy'ingenzi hano ni uko nta bushakashatsi bwakozwe kugeza ubu kugira ngo bwemeze ko isukari itera ADHD. Isukari yongera by'agateganyo ibikorwa by'umwana.

Nkwiye gukora iki nk'umubyeyi?

Ukurikije ibi byose, ushobora kwibaza uti 'None se nkore iki ubu?' Ntugahangayike. Hari ibintu byoroshye ushobora gukora.

1. Soma ibirango: Niba uguriye umwana wawe ikintu mu iduka, gira akamenyero ko gusoma urutonde rw'ibikoresho biri inyuma y'ipaki. Reba niba handitseho ngo 'Harimo Amabara y'Ubukorano yemewe'.

2. Gabanya ibiryo byatunganyijwe: Gabanya umwana wawe kurya ibiryo byatunganyijwe, nk'ibinyobwa bifite ibara, tofe, jeli, na keke, bishobora kuba birimo amabara y'ubukorano n'isukari nyinshi.

3. Shyira imbere ibintu karemano: Ahubwo, shyiramo ibintu karemano nk'amafunguro atetse mu rugo, imbuto nshya, n'imboga mu mirire y'umwana wawe. Ndetse n'imitobe y'imbuto iba myiza iyo ikorewe mu rugo.

4. Shaka inama kwa muganga: Iki ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi cyane. Niba ufite impungenge zikomeye cyangwa ubwoba ku myitwarire y'umwana wawe, cyangwa niba ubona ko afite ADHD, ikintu cyiza cyo gukora ni ukujya kwa muganga w'abana cyangwa umurwayi w'indwara zo mu mutwe . Ntugacire umwana wawe urubanza ukurikije ibyo wasomye kuri interineti cyangwa ibyo wumvise ku bandi. Umuganga ni we wenyine ushobora gusuzuma umwana wawe neza no kumuha uburyo bwo kumuvura bibaye ngombwa.