Ese uhora uhangayikishijwe n'ibintu bitari ngombwa? Ibi bivuga ku ndwara yo guhangayika rusange (GAD)!

Ese hari igihe wumva uremerewe kandi ugahangayikishwa n'ibintu bito cyane? Wenda si uguhangayika guke gusa. Gutekereza cyane ku mirimo ya buri munsi no kuyihangayikishwa bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe. Uyu munsi turimo kuvuga ku ndwara nk'iyi, yitwa 'Generalized Anxiety Disorder' cyangwa ``(Generalized Anxiety Disorder - GAD)``.

Iyi ndwara itwara abantu benshi ni iyihe? Ese ni indwara yo guhangayika rusange (GAD)?

Ese ukunze guhangayikishwa n'ibintu bito cyane? Ese uhangayikishwa cyane kandi utagira icyo ukora ku bintu bya buri munsi, nko mu mirimo yo mu rugo, mu kazi ko mu biro, mu ishuri ry'abana bawe, mu bibazo by'amafaranga, cyangwa ubuzima bwawe cyangwa ubw'umuryango wawe? Tekereza, kuva ubyutse mu gitondo kugeza ugiye kuryama nijoro, wumva ufite impungenge nyinshi mu mutwe wawe? Ibyo ni byo twita gusa `(Indwara yo Guhangayika Rusange - GAD)`.

Noneho ushobora kuba urimo kwibaza uti 'Ni nde udahangayika? Buri wese ahangayikishijwe n'ikintu runaka.' Ni ukuri. Ni ibisanzwe kumva uhangayitse gato kandi ukagira ubwoba iyo havutse ikibazo gikomeye mu buzima, iyo ikizamini kiri hafi, cyangwa iyo ugomba gutangira akazi gashya. Ariko, ku muntu urwaye GAD, iyi mpungenge, ubwo bwoba, buhora bubaho , ndetse nta mpamvu . Mu by'ukuri, bigutera guhangayika cyane nta mpamvu, no ku bintu bito. Ni nk'aho ubwenge bwawe bufite 'guhagarika guhangayika' guhora buri gihe.

Iyo ukomeje guhangayika gutya, ntabwo bigira ingaruka ku bwonko bwawe gusa. Binagira ingaruka ku mubiri wawe . Ushobora kugira ububabare bw'umutwe, kubabara umubiri, no kumva utekanye cyane. Mu by'ukuri, bishobora kugorana kubyihanganira umunsi wose. Bivugwa ko hafi 3% by'abantu bakuru muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika barwaye iyi ndwara, kandi ifata abantu bagera kuri 5% mu gihe runaka mu buzima bwabo. Ariko, 43% gusa by'abayirwaye ni bo bashaka kuvurwa. Kubwibyo, niba urimo uhura n'iki kibazo, ni ngombwa cyane gushaka ubufasha kwa muganga.

Ese nawe uribaza niba ufite GAD? Reka turebere hamwe ibi bimenyetso.

Hariho ibimenyetso bibiri by'ingenzi bishobora kugaragara muri GAD:

• Guhangayikishwa cyane n'ibintu bisanzwe bya buri munsi.
• Biragoye cyane kugenzura ibi bitekerezo bihungabanya.

Uretse ibi, iyi mpungenge ihoraho mu mutwe wawe ishobora no gutera ibimenyetso by'umubiri . Reba niba ufite kimwe muri ibi:

• Kugorwa no gusinzira cyangwa kutabasha gusinzira neza ndetse no nyuma yo gusinzira, kubyuka kenshi.
• Kumva unaniwe kandi unaniwe buri gihe.
• Kunanirwa kwifata , kumva uhangayitse cyane, kurakara no ku bintu bito cyane.
• Kubabara umutwe kenshi.
• Kumva umutima wawe urimo gutera cyane (umutima utera cyane) .
• Imitsi yanjye irakomeye kandi irababaza.Ibyiyumvo ni `(Umuvuduko w'imitsi)`.
• Kutagira ituze .
• Bisa nkaho bigoye guhumeka, nk'aho uri guhumeka .
• Kubira ibyuya nta mpamvu.
• Biragoye kwibanda ku kazi ukora.
• Ububabare bw'umubiri butari busobanuke (urugero, kubabara imitsi, kubabara igifu).

Izi bimenyetso rimwe na rimwe biza hanyuma bikagenda, kandi rimwe na rimwe bishobora kwiyongera iyo wumva ufite stress cyangwa uhangayitse .

Kuki turwara GAD? Ni izihe mpamvu?

Nubwo bidashoboka kuvuga neza icyateye GAD, abashakashatsi bemeza ko ari uruvange rw'ibintu byinshi.

• Imikorere y'ubwonko: Hashobora kubaho impinduka zimwe na zimwe mu buryo ubwonko bwawe bukoresha mu guhangana n'imihangayiko n'ihungabana.
• Genetike: GAD ishobora kugaragara mu miryango. Ibi bivuze ko iyo umuntu wo mu muryango wawe afite iyi ndwara, ushobora kuyirwara. Impinduka mu ngirabuzimafatizo zishobora gutera impinduka mu bintu by'ingenzi bigize ubwonko, nka serotonin, dopamine, na GABA, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku miterere y'ibitekerezo byawe.
• Ibyabaye mu buzima: Ibintu biguhangayikishije kandi bigoye wahuye nabyo mu gihe runaka (urugero: ibibazo byo ku kazi, amakimbirane yo mu muryango, impanuka) nabyo bishobora guhindura uburyo witwara mu bintu bya buri munsi.

Ni nde ufite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara GAD? (Ibintu bishobora gutera ibyago)

GAD ishobora kwibasira abana n'abantu bakuru. Akenshi itangira mu bwana cyangwa mu bwangavu, ariko ishobora gutangira mu myaka iyo ari yo yose.

Ushobora kuba ufite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara GAD kubera impamvu zikurikira:

• Niba uri umugore .
• Niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe wasanzwemo indwara ya GAD .
• Niba warahuye n'ikibazo gikomeye cyangwa ihungabana rikomeye mu mutwe mu buzima bwawe.
• Niba warahohotewe ukiri umwana .
• Niba ufite indi ndwara yo mu mutwe, urugero: "Panic Attacks" (gutangira ubwoba mu buryo butunguranye), "Depression" (kwiheba), cyangwa "Phobia" (ubwoba bukomeye bw'ikintu runaka) .
• Niba urwaye indwara y'igihe kirekire (urugero: diyabete, indwara z'umutima).
• Niba ukoresha ibiyobyabwenge nk'itabi, inzoga, cyangwa marijuana buri gihe.

Ese GAD ishobora guteza ibindi bibazo?

Yego, GAD ishobora kujyana n'ibindi bibazo by'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe . Urugero, indwara zo gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge no kwiheba bishobora kubaho hamwe na GAD. Ushobora kandi kugira ihindagurika ry'amarangamutima, impinduka mu myitwarire, ndetse n'impinduka mu rwego rw'ingufu.

Igikomeye cyane ni uko GAD rimwe na rimwe ishobora gutuma ugira ibitekerezo byo kurambirwa ubuzima, ibitekerezo byo kwiyangiza. Niba wumva uri ahantu hagoye cyane, ntutindiganye gusaba ubufasha. Muri Sri Lanka, hari imiryango nka Sumithrayo (0112692909 cyangwa 0112682535) ushobora kuvugana nayo ukabona ubufasha. Cyangwa ushobora guhamagara ikigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe ubufasha mu by'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe ku 1926. Wibuke ko utari wenyine.

Ni gute umuganga asuzuma neza indwara ya GAD?

Niba ukeka ko ufite GAD, ushobora kubonana na muganga w’umuryango wawe, cyangwa ushobora kubonana n’inzobere mu buzima bwo mu mutwe, nka ``Umuganga w’imitekerereze`` cyangwa ``Umuganga w’indwara zo mu mutwe``.

Bazakubaza ibibazo bijyanye n'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bwawe n'amateka y'ubuzima bw'umuryango wawe . Ushobora kumva ufite ubwoba kandi ufite ubwoba muri iki gihe. Ariko ni ngombwa cyane kuvuga byinshi bishoboka. Kuko ari bwo muganga azabasha gusobanukirwa neza ikibazo cyawe no kuguha ubuvuzi bukwiye.

Byongeye kandi, umuganga ashobora no gukora ibintu nk'ibi:

• Gukora isuzuma ry'umubiri .
• Kugusaba kuzuza urupapuro rw'ibibazo (nk'"GAD-7") kugira ngo umenye amakuru yerekeye uko wiyumva.
• Kwitegereza ibintu nk'isura yawe n'uburyo uvuga.
• Gukora ibizamini kugira ngo urebe niba hari indi mpamvu itera ibimenyetso byawe. Urugero:
• Ibipimo by'amaraso: `(Ikizamini cy'imikorere ya tiroyide)` (isuzuma imikorere ya tiroyide), `(Ikizamini cya glucose mu maraso)` (isuzuma urugero rw'isukari mu maraso), `(Ikizamini cy'imiti)` (isuzuma ikoreshwa ry'imiti).
• Echocardiogram (reba imikorere y'umutima).

Ni ibihe bipimo ngenderwaho mu gusuzuma GAD?

Abaganga bakoresha ibipimo byo mu gitabo cy’indwara zo mu mutwe n’imibare, igitabo cya gatanu (DSM-5-TR) kugira ngo bamenye GAD. Kugira ngo umenye GAD, ugomba kugira impungenge zirenze urugero mu gihe cy’amezi atandatu, iminsi myinshi y’icyumweru . Kandi impungenge zigomba kugorana kuzigenzura .

Uretse ibi bibazo bihoraho, umuntu mukuru akunze kugira nibura ibimenyetso bitatu muri ibi bikurikira (abana bashobora kugira kimwe gusa):

• Kumva nta kibazo cyangwa guhora uhangayitse.
• Kunanirwa vuba.
• Kugorwa no kwita ku bintu, cyangwa kumva ko ubwenge bwawe burimo ubusa.
• Kurakara bitewe n'utuntu duto.
• Kubabara imitsi no kuyikomeretsa.
• Kugorwa no gusinzira, gusinzira, cyangwa kutaruhuka neza.

Ibi bimenyetso bigomba kugira ingaruka ku bikorwa byawe bya buri munsi, ku kazi, mu mibanire yawe n'umuryango wawe, ndetse no ku buzima bwawe muri rusange .

Nanone, muganga azemeza ko ukoresha ibi bimenyetso.Ikindi kandi, byemeza ko ibimenyetso bidaterwa n'imiti cyangwa indi miti . Byemeza kandi ko ibimenyetso bidasobanurwa neza n'indi ndwara yo mu mutwe (nk'indwara y'ubwonko, uburwayi bwo guhangayika mu mibanire y'abantu, uburwayi bwo kwiheba no guhangayika (OCD), cyangwa uburwayi bwo guhangayika nyuma yo guhungabana (PTSD).

Ese hari uburyo bwo kugabanya imihangayiko? (Ubuvuzi bwa GAD)

Inkuru nziza ni uko GAD ari indwara ishobora kuvurwa . Ubusanzwe ivurwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe (psychotherapy) cyangwa imiti, cyangwa byombi bivanze. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko umusaruro mwiza uboneka iyo uburyo bwombi buhujwe. Muganga wawe azakorana nawe kugira ngo agufashe kubona gahunda y'ubuvuzi ikubereye, hashingiwe ku bimenyetso byawe, ibyo ukeneye, n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange.

Gukira binyuze mu kuvuga: Ubuvuzi bw'imitekerereze

Ubuvuzi bw'imitekerereze, mu magambo make, ni 'ubuvuzi bwo kuvuga' . Bukubiyemo kuganira n'umuntu mu buryo bwimbitse ku bitekerezo byawe, ibyiyumvo byawe, n'imyitwarire yawe kugira ngo umufashe kubisobanukirwa. Ibi bikorwa n'umujyanama w'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe wujuje ibisabwa ahantu hatekanye kandi hatanga ubufasha.

Ukoresheje ubu buvuzi, ushobora kwiga ibikoresho n'ubuhanga ukeneye kugira ngo ubeho neza mu buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi kandi urusheho kugira ubuzima bwiza bwo mu mutwe.

Bumwe mu buryo bwiza bwo kuvura indwara ya GAD ni ukuvura indwara y’imitekerereze (CBT). Igufasha kumenya no guhindura ibitekerezo bibi byongera imihangayiko yawe bigatuma ugira imyitwarire mu buryo runaka. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, CBT ishobora kugufasha kugabanya imihangayiko ikabije no kubaka ubumenyi ukeneye kugira ngo uhangane n’ibibazo mu buryo bwiza.

Ubutabazi ku miti: Imiti ivura GAD

Imiti ishobora kandi kwandikirwa nk'igice cya gahunda yawe yo kuvura GAD. Dore imwe mu miti ikoreshwa cyane:

• Inhibitors za Selective Serotonin Reuptake (SSRIs): Urugero, Escitalopram, Paroxetine, cyangwa Sertraline.
• Ibikoresho bigabanya ubukana bwa serotonin-norepinephrine (SNRIs): Ingero zirimo Duloxetine na Venlafaxine.
• Benzodiazepines (Izi akenshi zigirwa inama yo kuzikoresha mu gihe gito).
• `(Buspiron)`.

Iyo iyi miti idatuma umererwa neza, muganga ashobora kugufasha indi miti, nka:

• `(Imiti igabanya ububabare mu mitsi ya Tricyclic)`: Urugero `(Amitriptyline)`.
• `(Imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara zo mu mutwe zo mu gisekuru cya kabiri)`.
• `(Valproate)`.

Ukeneye kubonana na muganga?

Niba ufata imiti ya GAD, ni ngombwa cyane kujya kwa muganga wawe buri gihe kugira ngo urebe uburyo umuti ukora neza no guhindura ingano y'umuti nibiba ngombwa.Niba ufite ingaruka mbi cyangwa ibimenyetso bishya, bibwira muganga wawe .

Niba uri gukora ubuvuzi bwa psychotherapy, gerageza kwitabira buri myitozo. Niba utabishoboye, gerageza kuvugurura gahunda. Bifata igihe kugira ngo ukire neza nyuma yo kuvurwa. Ariko gukomeza ubuvuzi ni igice cy'ingenzi mu rugendo rwawe rwo gukira.

Niba wumva uremerewe cyangwa ufite ibitekerezo byo kwiyangiza, bwira muganga wawe ako kanya. Niba uri mu bihe byihutirwa, hamagara 1990 (Suvaseriya) muri Sri Lanka, cyangwa ujye mu ishami rishinzwe ubutabazi bwihuse ry’ibitaro biri hafi yawe.

Ni iki ushobora kwitega mu gihe ubana na GAD?

Ibi bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'umuntu ku wundi. Kuri bamwe, GAD ishobora kuba indwara y'igihe kirekire igomba gukemurwa buri gihe. Hari iminsi imihangayiko n'impungenge byawe bishobora kwiyongera cyane , cyane cyane mu minsi uri mu stress nyinshi . Indi minsi, bishobora kumvikana ko byoroshye kuyigenzura.

Ariko ikintu cyiza ni uko ubuvuzi bushobora kugira itandukaniro rinini. Hamwe n'uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe, imiti, n'ingamba zo guhangana n'ibibazo, ushobora guhangana n'ibimenyetso byawe no kumva ufite ubushobozi bwo kugenzura ubuzima bwawe. Itsinda ryawe ry'ubuvuzi, harimo abaganga, abaforomo, n'abandi bahanga, rizakorana nawe bya hafi kugira ngo bashake ikigufitiye akamaro umubiri wawe, imibereho yawe, n'intego zawe. Uko ibyo ukeneye bihinduka uko igihe kigenda gihita, gahunda yawe yo kuvura ishobora guhindurwa uko bikwiye.

Ni ibihe bintu ushobora gukora ubwawe niba ufite GAD?

Uretse ubuvuzi, hari ibintu byinshi ushobora gukora ubwawe kugira ngo wirinde ibimenyetso bya GAD:

• Gira impinduka nto nziza mu buzima bwawe: Gabanya kunywa ibinyobwa birimo kafeyine nka kawa n'icyayi. Gabanya umwanya ukoresha ku mbuga nkoranyambaga. Marana umwanya n'inshuti n'umuryango. Garuka bihagije . Rya ibiryo byiza . Gira imyitozo ngororamubiri (siporo).
• Gerageza uburyo bwo kuruhuka: Gabanya stress ukora ibintu nka yoga, gutekereza cyane, cyangwa kwitonda.
• Irinde ibiyobyabwenge bikurura umuntu: Inzoga n'ibindi biyobyabwenge bishobora gutuma imihangayiko yawe irushaho kwiyongera. Bishobora kandi kugira ingaruka ku miti ufata ya GAD.
• Shaka ubufasha: Hari amatsinda y'ubufasha aho abantu bafite GAD nkawe bashobora guhurira hamwe. Bashobora kugufasha gusangira ubunararibonye bwawe, kwigira ku bandi, no kubona inkunga ukeneye mu gihe ubana na GAD.
• Koresha porogaramu z'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe:Hari porogaramu zitandukanye zishobora kugufasha gukurikirana impinduka mu byiyumvo byawe no kwitoza ingamba zo guhangana n'ikibazo.

Amaherezo, ngomba kukubwira ibi...

Indwara yo guhangayika rusange (GAD) ishobora gutuma n'imirimo yoroshye ya buri munsi, nko guhinga mu busitani cyangwa kuva mu rugo, yumva ikurenze kandi ikurenze. Mu mpera z'umunsi, iyi stress ihoraho ishobora gutuma wumva unaniwe kandi unaniwe.

Ariko ibuka ko udakwiye kurwanya ibi bimenyetso wenyine. Muganga ashobora kugufasha kubona uburyo bwo guhangana n'iki kibazo no gushyiraho gahunda y'ubuvuzi ijyanye n'ibyo ukeneye. Ushobora kubona ihumure binyuze mu buvuzi bw'imitekerereze, imiti, cyangwa byombi.

Bifata igihe kugira ngo ukire. Ugomba kwihangana. Ushobora kutabona itandukaniro rikomeye ako kanya. Ariko, hamwe n'ubufasha bukwiye n'ubuvuzi, ushobora gusubira mu buzima bwawe busanzwe, ukagera ku byo usanzwe. Rero, niba wumva ufite ibibazo, ntibitinda gusaba ubufasha.

` Guhangayika, ubuzima bwo mu mutwe, GAD, guhangayika, stress, ubuvuzi, ubuvuzi bwo mu mutwe