Ese rimwe na rimwe wumva umeze utya? "Kuki ntarangiza akazi? Kuki ibintu byose bihinduka? Hari ikibazo mfite?" Ushobora kuba warize cyane kandi uri umunyeshuri mwiza mu ishuri. Ariko ubu, nk'umuntu mukuru, birakugora gukomeza akazi kandi ukumva ubuze byose? Ntugahangayike, iki si ikibazo cyawe gusa. Uyu munsi turimo kuvuga ku ndwara abantu benshi batazi, ahubwo abantu benshi bayifite. Iyo ni indwara ya ADHD "ikora cyane" igaragara ku bantu bakuru.
Ese ADHD ireba abana bato gusa?
Iyo tutekereje ku ndwara ya ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder), dukunze gutekereza ku mwana ukora nabi kandi ukora cyane. Nibyo koko, iyi ndwara ikunze kumenyekana mu bwana. Ariko icyo abantu benshi batazi ni uko iyi ndwara ishobora gukomeza kugeza umuntu akuze, rimwe na rimwe ivumburwa bwa mbere mu bwana.
Ibimenyetso bya ADHD ku bantu bakuru bitandukanye gato n'iby'abana. Abantu bakuru bashobora kuba badafite umuvuduko mwinshi cyangwa kudatuza nk'uko abana bagira. Ahubwo, bashobora kugorwa no kwita ku kintu kimwe .
Umuganga w’indwara zo mu mutwe uzwi cyane arabisobanura neza. Avuga ko ubwonko bw’umuntu urwaye ADHD bumeze nk’ “moteri ya Ferrari, ariko ifite feri y’igare.” Ibyo ntibivuze ko udafite uburyo bwo kwitabwaho, mu by’ukuri, ufite ibintu byinshi ushobora kwibandaho. Ariko ikibazo ni ukugenzura ubwo buryo no kubushyira ku kintu kimwe.
Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya ADHD ku bantu bakuru?
Twese tujya tugira ibi bintu rimwe na rimwe. Ariko ku muntu urwaye ADHD, ibi bishobora guhinduka ingeso zisanzwe. Reba niba ibi bimenyetso ubimenyereye.
| Ibimenyetso | Gusobanura mu buryo bworoshye... |
|---|---|
| Kutagira gahunda | Bisa nkaho ibintu byose ari akajagari, atari ku kazi gusa, mu cyumba, ahubwo no mu mutwe wawe. Biragoye gushyira ibintu kuri gahunda. |
| Ingorane zo gucunga igihe | Sinshobora kurangiza akazi ku gihe. Buri gihe ndakererwa. Numva bifata iminota 30 kugira ngo ukore akazi k'iminota 5. |
| Gusubika akazi | Basubika imirimo y'ingenzi ndetse batabanje kuyitangira. Nubwo bayitangira, ntibayirangiza. |
| Kubura ituze | Numva ntamerewe neza iyo nicaye ahantu hamwe. Akenshi nkunda kwimura amaguru yanjye no gukora urusaku nkoresheje intoki zanjye. |
| Guhindagurika kw'amarangamutima vuba | Ndetse n'ibintu bito cyane birababaza, maze uburakari bugahita butangira. Ibyishimo n'agahinda bihita bihinduka. |
| Kurangaza | Iyo umuntu arimo kuvuga, biragoye kumutega amatwi yawe yose. Ibintu bihora bigaruka mu mutwe. Ni nako bigenda iyo uri ku kazi. |
| Kwibagirwa kenshi | Wibagirwa aho ushyira imfunguzo zawe cyangwa isakoshi yawe. Wibagirwa icyo ugomba gukora n'amabwiriza wahawe. |
Kuki ntari mbizi igihe kirekire?
Ushobora kuba wibaza uti “Niba mfite ibi bintu, kuki nta muntu n'umwe ku ishuri cyangwa mu rugo wabibonye?” Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutuma ibyo bibaho.
- Kubera ko uri umuhanga mu ishuri: Niba uri umuhanga mu kwiga, abarimu n'ababyeyi bashobora kutafata nk'ikintu gikomeye ku buryo bwo kurangara no kutagira gahunda.
- Izindi ngorane z'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe: Hari igihe, niba ufite izindi ndwara nko kwiheba cyangwa guhangayika, abaganga bashobora kuzibandaho cyane. Ibimenyetso bya ADHD bishobora kwihisha muri zo.
- Kubera uburyo ukoresha utabizi:Ushobora kuba ukoresha ingamba zo guhangana n'ibibazo kugira ngo bigufashe guhangana n'ibyo bibazo, nko kwandika byose cyangwa gushyiraho ibyo kwibutsa.
Igikuru ni uko, iyi si ikosa ryawe cyangwa intege nke zawe. Iyi ni indwara iterwa n'impinduka mu mikorere y'uturemangingo tw'ubwonko.
None se, ubigenza ute kuri ibi?
Hari uburyo bwinshi bwiza bwo guhangana n'iki kibazo. Wibuke ko ADHD atari umuvumo. Ifite n'ibintu byiza. Uruhande rwo kurangara ni amatsiko . Uruhande rwo kudafata ibyemezo ni uguhanga udushya .
Umuti
Hari imiti myinshi myiza ishobora gufasha kugabanya ibimenyetso bya ADHD. Iyi ni nk'indorerwamo. Iyo uyikoresheje, ushobora kubona byose neza kandi ukibanda ku buryo bworoshye. Ariko umuti ukwiye n'ingano yawo bigomba kugenwa na muganga wawe. Rero menya neza ko uganira na muganga wawe kuri ibi.
Ubujyanama
Ubuvuzi bw'imyitwarire mu bwenge (CBT) burafasha cyane. Bugufasha kumenya no guhindura ibitekerezo bibi byawe, kwiyubakamo icyizere, no kwiga izindi ngamba zo guhangana n'ibibazo, nko gucunga igihe no gucunga imihangayiko.
Impinduka mu mibereho
- Fata ikiruhuko: Ntukore amasaha menshi icyarimwe. Shyiraho igihe cyo kuruhuka hanyuma uhaguruke buri minota 30, ugende hirya no hino, hanyuma ufate ikiruhuko gito.
- Kora mu buryo buteguye: Ntugatinye igikorwa gikomeye. Gicemo ibice bito hanyuma ubirangize kimwe kimwe. Komeza ahantu ukorera hasukuye kandi hatarimo ibintu bitari ngombwa.
- Shyiraho gahunda: Shyiraho gahunda ihoraho, nko kubyuka icyarimwe buri munsi no gutangira akazi. Shyiraho ahantu hamwe mu rugo rwawe kugira ngo ubikemo ibintu ukeneye buri munsi, nk'imfunguzo zawe n'isakoshi yawe.
- Kora ibintu ukunda: Kurambirwa ni umwe mu banzi bakomeye b'abantu bafite ADHD . Niba bishoboka, hitamo akazi cyangwa ibintu ukunda kandi bigushimisha.
Abantu benshi bazwi cyane ku isi kandi batsinze cyane, nka Michael Phelps watwaye igikombe cya Olempike na Simone Biles, bavuze ku mugaragaro ko umuntu abaho afite ADHD. Rero kuyisuzuma si iherezo, ahubwo ni intangiriro nshya kandi nziza.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- ADHD ni indwara ikunze kwibasira abantu bakuru. Si ikosa ryawe cyangwa intege nke zawe.
- Niba ibintu nko kutita ku bintu, kwibagirwa, gutinda gukora ibintu, no kudatuza bikomeje kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi, ntutinye kubibwira muganga.
- Iyo iki kibazo kimenyekanye neza, gishobora gukemurwa neza hakoreshejwe imiti, ubujyanama, no guhindura imibereho yoroheje.
- ADHD si intege nke. Ishobora kuba 'imbaraga zawe zikomeye', cyangwa se imbaraga zikomeye, iyo icunzwe neza, hamwe n'ibintu nk'ubuhanga n'amatsiko.
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