Ese amaso yawe ahora yumye? Ese arasharira? Ese ni ukubera ikibazo cy'uturemangingo twa meibomian? (Kudakora neza kw'uturemangingo twa meibomian)

Ese hari igihe wumva amaso yawe yumye gusa, nk'aho hari ikintu kiri imbere, cyangwa ko ahora aryana kandi agatukura? Ushobora gutekereza ko ibi ari ibisanzwe, nk'agace gato k'umukungugu. Ariko, niba ibi bimenyetso bikomeje, bishobora kuba ikibazo ku dukoko duto tw'amavuta mu maso yawe. Uyu munsi, tugiye kuvuga kuri imwe muri izo ndwara, indwara ya Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD) .

Ubushobozi buke bwo gukora imyakura ya meibomian (MGD) ni iki?

Mu magambo make, indwara ya Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD) ni igihe utunyangingo duto tw'amavuta ku mpande zo hejuru no hasi z'amaso yawe (twita utunyangingo twa Meibomian glands) tudasohora neza amavuta (yitwa meibum) amaso yawe akeneye. Aya mavuta ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo amaso yawe adakama.

Tekereza, hari agapfukamunwa k'amarira karinda amaso yacu. Gafite ibice bitatu by'ingenzi:

1. Igice cyo hanze cy'amavuta: Iki kigizwe n'amavuta aturuka mu turemangingo twa meibomian. Ibi bibuza igice cy'amazi kiri munsi kwangirika vuba cyane.

2. Igice cyo hagati cy'amazi: Iki ni cyo gice kinini cy'agapira k'amarira. Ni cyo gice cy'ingenzi gitanga ubushyuhe, gitunga kandi kigasukura ijisho.

3. Igice cy'imbere kirimo amacandwe: Ibi bifasha kugumana amavuta meza ku buso bw'ijisho.

Ubu se usobanukiwe akamaro k'amavuta ava mu turemangingo twa meibomian? Muri MGD, izi ngirabuzimafatizo ntizikora amavuta ahagije , cyangwa se ubwiza bw'amavuta zikora buragabanuka . Akenshi, imyobo y'izi ngirabuzimafatizo iraziba kandi amavuta ntashobora gusohoka. Ibi tubyita MGD ibuza .

Iyi ndwara ishobora kuvukanwa cyangwa ikazavukanwa. Ishobora kwibasira abakiri bato n'abakuze.

Iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara gute?

Mu by’ukuri, indwara ya MGD ni indwara ikunze kugaragara cyane kurusha uko wabitekereza. Bivugwa ko hafi 35.8% by’abatuye isi bafite iyi ndwara. Muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, hafi 70% by’abantu barengeje imyaka 60 bafite indwara ya MGD.

Muri rusange ikunze kugaragara ku bagabo kurusha abagore. Ikwirakwira ryayo ritandukanye kandi mu moko atandukanye. Urugero, MGD ikunze kugaragara cyane ku bantu bakomoka muri Aziya kurusha abazungu.

Ese nawe ufite ibi bimenyetso?

Hari abantu barwaye MGD batagira ibimenyetso na bimwe bagaragaza. Ariko, iyo ugaragaje ibimenyetso, bishobora kuba birimo:

• Amaso ahora asharira cyangwa yumva ashyushye .
• Amaso aba atukura cyangwa ababara .
• Amaso asa n'ayabyimbye .
• Amaso yanjye arimo aratangara ubusa.(Mu by’ukuri ibi bibaho kuko ijisho riba ryumye, kandi ijisho rigasubiza rigakora amarira menshi y’amazi).
• Ishusho y'umubiri w'amahanga, nk'agace k'umusenyi mu jisho.
• Kureba kwanjye bisa nkaho bitagaragara neza .
• Amabara n'uduheri bikunze kugaragara ku mboni z'amaso.
• Mu gitondo, amaso yanjye afite uduce duto cyangwa ibintu bito bifashe kuri yo.
• Niba ukoresha indorerwamo z'amaso (contact lenses), biragoye kwambara neza .

Tekereza, Nilanthi ni umuntu ukora kuri mudasobwa igihe cyose. Nimugoroba, amaso ye aratukura kandi agashya. Hari igihe yumva afite ikintu cyamufashe mu maso. Yatekerezaga ko biterwa n'umunaniro. Ariko ni bwo gusa yamenye ko yarwaye indwara ya MGD.

Kuki ibi bibaho? Impamvu ni izihe?

Impamvu nyamukuru itera MGD ni ukufungana kw'uturemangingo twa meibomian twavuze mbere. Ibi bivuze ko amavuta yirundanya mu mwenge w'uturemangingo, agafata, kandi ntashobore gusohoka. Indi mpamvu ni uko ubwiza bw'amavuta asohoka muri utu turemangingo bugabanuka .

Byongeye kandi, gukoresha imiti imwe n'imwe bishobora gutera MGD. Urugero:

• Imiti imwe n'imwe ivura glaucoma.
• Imiti irimo retinoids (ikoreshwa mu kuvura ibiheri).
• Estrogen itangwa mu kuvura imisemburo.
• Imiti igabanya urugero rwa androgen.

Ni nde ufite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara ibi? (Ibintu bishobora gutera ibyago)

Ibintu bishobora gutera indwara ni ibintu byongera amahirwe yo kurwara indwara. MGD ifite ibintu byinshi bishobora gutera indwara:

• Gusaza: Uko ugenda usaza, imikorere y'izi gland ishobora kugabanuka.
• Ingaruka z'imisemburo: Cyane cyane kugabanuka kwa hormone ya androgen.
• Kugira akamenyero ko kugira allergie.
• Kwambara lenzi zo mu bwoko bwa contact lenses: Ingaruka ziba nyinshi iyo uzambaye igihe kirenze igihe cyagenwe utazisukuye neza.

Byongeye kandi, niba ufite indwara zimwe na zimwe, uba ufite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara indwara ya MGD. Iyi ngaruka iba nyinshi cyane cyane ku bantu bafite indwara zifitanye isano n’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri.

Ingaruka zijyanye n'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri budafite imbaraga

Abantu bafite izi ndwara bashobora kurwara indwara ya MGD:

• Rosacea ( Rosacea ): Indwara aho uruhu ruhinduka umutuku kandi imitsi mito y'amaraso ikagaragara hejuru.
• Sjögren's syndrome: Indwara y’ubwiyongere bw’umubiri itera amaso n’umunwa byumye.
• Lupus: Indwara y’ubwiyongere bw’umubiri ifata ibice bitandukanye by’umubiri.
• Psoriasis: Indwara y'uruhu itera uduce tw'ibicurane.
• Indwara ya rubagimpande:Indwara y’ubwiyongere bw’umubiri ifata ingingo.

Izindi ndwara zongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara ya MGD

• Indwara ya blepharitis idakira: Impande z'amaso zihora zibyimba kandi zitukura.
• Indwara ya Stevens-Johnson: Indwara igira ingaruka zikomeye ku ruhu no ku mitsi.
• Umuvuduko w'amaraso ukabije.
• Kolesteroli nyinshi mu maraso.
• Indwara z'amaso, nka trachoma .
• Aniridia: Indwara aho imboni y'ijisho iba idahari burundu cyangwa igice cyayo.

Ni izihe ngorane zishobora kubaho iyo zitavuwe?

MGD si ijisho ryumye gusa. Iyo ridavuwe neza, rishobora gutera ingorane zitandukanye. Kubwibyo, si byiza kubyirengagiza.

Ingorane nyamukuru ni indwara y’amaso yumye (indwara y’amaso yumye) . Ibi bivuze ko amaso ahora yumye. Byongeye kandi, indwara zo ku buso bw’ijisho (cornea na conjunctiva), nko kubyimba kw’amaso (blepharitis), zishobora kubaho.

Iyo MGD itavuwe, uba ufite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara indwara z'amaso cyangwa indwara zo kubyimba . Niba urimo kubagwa ijisho, MGD nayo ishobora kugira ingaruka mbi nyuma y'uko kubagwa. Mu bihe bikomeye, MGD itavuwe ishobora no kwangiza cornea .

Ni gute umuganga asuzuma indwara ya MGD?

Umuganga wawe wita ku maso azabanza kukubaza ibijyanye n'ubuzima bwawe, imiti yawe, n'ibimenyetso byayo. Hanyuma, azagukorera isuzuma ryuzuye ry'amaso . Hashingiwe ku bisubizo byawe, muganga azashobora kureba mu maso yawe kugira ngo amenye ibimenyetso bya MGD.

Ni ibihe bizamini biri gukorwa kuri ibi?

Kugira ngo wemeze niba ufite MGD, muganga wawe ashobora gukora kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bikurikira:

• Amavuta agaragara: Muganga azashyira igitutu ku maso yawe witonze kugira ngo arebe niba amavuta ari gusohoka mu ngirabuzimafatizo, niba ari yo, ingano yayo, n'imiterere yayo.
• Ikizamini cyo gucika kw'amabara y'ijisho (TBUT): Bagushyira irangi ryihariye mu jisho ryawe maze bagasabwa guhumbya. Hanyuma, hakoreshwa itara rito kugira ngo bapime igihe bifata kugira ngo amabara y'ijisho acike. Ubusanzwe bigomba kuba birenga amasegonda 10.
• Ikizamini cya Schirmer (Ikizamini cyo gutonyanga cya Schirmer): Muri iki kizamini, udupapuro tubiri twihariye two kuyungurura dushyirwa hagati y’ijisho ryawe ryo hasi n’ijisho ryawe. Nyuma y’iminota mike, ingano y’ubushuhe bwinjizwa n’udupapuro two ku rupapuro irapimwa kugira ngo harebwe niba amaso yawe arimo gutonyanga bihagije.
• Gupima icyitegererezo cy'amarira (Gupima icyitegererezo):Ibipimo bimwe na bimwe bishobora kumenya poroteyine ziri mu marira yawe.
• Meibography: Iki ni ikizamini gifata amafoto y'uturemangingo twa meibomian. Gikoresha uburyo butandukanye, nka infrared, optical coherence tomography (OCT), na laser imaging. Gishobora kwerekana imiterere y'uturemangingo, umubare watwo twafunzwe, ndetse niba twangiritse.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ibi?

Uburyo bwo kuvura indwara ya MGD buterwa n'ibintu byinshi, harimo ubukana bw'indwara yawe, icyayiteye, ndetse n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange.

Ibintu ushobora gukora uri mu rugo

Muganga abanza kukugira inama y'ibintu bike byoroshye ushobora gukora mu rugo:

• Imikandara ishyushye: Shyira igitambaro gisukuye mu mazi ashyushye, ukikuremo neza, hanyuma ukishyire ku maso yawe mu gihe cy'iminota 5. Ibi bizafasha gusohora amwe mu mavuta yafashwe no gutuma ava mu mazi byoroshye. Ni byiza kubikora nibura kabiri ku munsi.
• Massage y'amaso: Nyuma yo gukoresha compress ishyushye, siga witonze amaso yawe ukoresheje intoki zawe, uyasunikire ku maso yawe (ujya hasi ku maso yo hejuru, ujya hejuru ku maso yo hasi). Ibi bizafasha kurekura amavuta mu ngirabuzimafatizo.
• Isuku y'amaso: Vanga isabune ntoya, nka shampoo y'abana, n'amazi make hanyuma usukure buhoro impande z'amaso yawe (aho amaso yawe atangirira). Cyangwa, koresha isukura ryihariye ryasabwe na muganga wawe.
• Gufata inyongeramusaruro za Omega-3: Gufata inyongeramusaruro zirimo omega-3, nk'amavuta y'amafi cyangwa amavuta y'imbuto z'umukara, bishobora kongera ubwiza bw'amavuta no kugabanya ibimenyetso bya MGD. Vugana na muganga wawe kuri ibi hanyuma utangire.
• Kwita ku bidukikije: Gabanya guhura n'umuyaga mwinshi. Gabanya igihe umara ureba ecran nka mudasobwa na terefone. Ha amaso yawe ikiruhuko rimwe na rimwe.

Ubuvuzi busabwa na muganga

Niba uburyo bwo kuvura mu rugo gusa budahagije, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama y'ubundi buryo bwo kuvura, nko:

• Amavuta yo kwisiga/Amavuta yo kwisiga: Amavuta yo kwisiga ashobora gukoreshwa inshuro nyinshi ku munsi kugira ngo agabanye ubwivumbure mu maso. Nanone aza mu bwoko bwa gel cyangwa amavuta yo kwisiga.
• Imiti igabanya ubwandu: Iyo hari ubwandu mu maso, imiti igabanya ubukana bw'ibiyobyabwenge, amavuta yo kwisiga, cyangwa ibinini ishobora kwandikirwa. Imiti imwe n'imwe igabanya ubukana bw'ibiyobyabwenge (urugero: doxycycline , azithromycin) na yo ishobora gufasha kuri MGD.
• Imiti igabanya ububabare ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe:Ibitonyanga by'amaso, nka cyclosporine cyangwa steroid, bishobora gufasha kugabanya ububyimbirwe mu maso. Ibi bigomba gukoreshwa gusa ku nama za muganga.
• Kuvura indwara zifitanye isano: Urugero, niba ari indwara iterwa n'udukoko (Demodex) tuba ku jisho, kuyivura.
• Uburyo bwo gukuraho imitsi ifunganye:
• Ibikoresho nka Lipiflow, iLux, na TearCare: Ibi bikoresha ubushyuhe n'umuvuduko bigenzurwa ku maso, bigashonga utunyangingo twa meibomian twazibye hanyuma bikadukuraho.
• Gupima ingirabuzimafatizo za Meibomian: Igikoresho gito (probe) gishyirwa mu mwenge w'ingirabuzimafatizo hanyuma uruziga rugakurwaho.
• Uburyo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe laser: Hari ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa laser bukoreshwa mu gukangura izi gland no gukuraho ibiziba.

Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umuntu akire nyuma yo kuvurwa? Ni iki cyizere cy'uko azakira?

Uburyo bwinshi bwo kuvura bwa MGD ntibusaba igihe kinini cyo gukira. Mu by'ukuri, muganga wawe azakubwira gukomeza ibintu nko kongeramo imboni, gukaraba ibisebe bishyushye, n'inyongeramusaruro.

Gusa iyo ukorewe ubutabazi, bishobora gufata igihe kugira ngo ukire neza.

Icyizere ku muntu urwaye indwara ya MGD ubusanzwe kiba cyiza , cyane cyane iyo ukora ibyo ukeneye gukora kugira ngo ucunge iyo ndwara. Ushobora gukenera kugira isuku y'amaso mu buzima bwawe bwose.

Ese indwara ya MGD ishobora kwirindwa? Ingaruka zishobora kugabanuka gute ?

MGD ntishobora kwirindwa burundu, ariko hari ubwo ushobora kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara .

Ntidushobora guhindura ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora gutera ibyago, nk'imyaka n'ubwoko. Ariko hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe dushobora guhindura:

• Gucunga izindi ndwara: Kugenzura ibintu nk'urugero rwa cholesterol mu maraso n'umuvuduko w'amaraso.
• Gucunga ibidukikije byawe: Irinde ibintu bishobora gutera ubwivumbure uko bishoboka kose. Irinde kohereza umwuka mubi mu mubiri uko bishoboka kose. Gabanya igihe cyo kureba amashusho.
• Gusuzuma amaso buri gihe.
• Niba wambaye indorerwamo z'amaso (contact lenses), zikoreshe kandi uzisukure nk'uko muganga agusaba.
• Komeza ugire amaso yawe n'amaso yawe asukuye.

Ni ibihe bihe byiza byo kujya kwa muganga?

Niba ufite ibibazo byo kutabona neza, nko kubabara amaso cyangwa kutabona neza, jya kwa muganga.

Niba ugize ububabare butunguranye bw'amaso cyangwa ukumva utabona neza, jya mu cyumba cy'ubutabazi bw'ibanze cy'ibitaro ako kanya.

Ibibazo by'ingenzi ugomba kubaza muganga wawe

Ushobora kuba ufite ibibazo byinshi byo kubaza muganga wawe w'amaso. Ushobora kubaza ibintu nk'ibi:

• Ni iki gituma ngira iyi ndwara ya MGD?
• Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ubuvuzi usaba?
• Ese hari ingaruka mbi (ingorane) kuri ubu buryo bwo kuvura?
• Ese iyi ndwara iterwa n'uturemangingo? Ese nkwiye gusaba abandi bo mu muryango wanjye kwipimisha?
• Ni kangahe nkwiye kwipimisha amaso?
• Ese nshobora gukoresha indorerwamo z'amaso zikoreshwa mu gupima amaso?
• Ese iyi ndwara ya MGD izigera irushaho kuba nziza?

Ese iyi ndwara ya MGD izakira burundu?

Kuri bamwe, indwara ya MGD ishobora kuba ikibazo cy’ubuzima bwabo bwose , cyane cyane iyo ufite indi ndwara, nk’indwara y’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri, ishobora gucungwa ariko ntikire burundu. Ariko, iyo ivuwe neza, ishobora kuba ikibazo cy’ubuzima bwose.

Ni gute wasubizaho imiterere y'uturemangingo twa meibomian twazibye?

Ushobora gukoresha imiti yo mu rugo nko gukaraba no gukaraba kugira ngo bifashe gukuraho imitsi ya meibomian yazibye. Byongeye kandi, hari ibikoresho n'ubuhanga abaganga bakoresha.

Ingero z'ibi ni izi:

• Imashini zishyushya amaso yawe kandi zigashonga meibum yumye cyangwa ikomeye.
• Imashini zikoresha imirasire ya laser kugira ngo zinjire muri gland zikureho ibiziba.
• Ibikoresho bito (probes) bishyirwa mu turemangingo na muganga kugira ngo akuremo amavuta ya meibomian yari yafashwe.

Amaherezo, ibintu by'ingenzi cyane ugomba kwibuka

Ni ngombwa kwipimisha amaso buri gihe. Ibi biterwa nuko umuganga ashobora kumenya indwara zimwe na zimwe z'amaso (nka MGD) mbere yuko ugira ibimenyetso. Amaso yumye rimwe na rimwe ashobora kuba atari ikibazo gikomeye. Ariko, amaso yumye ntabwo ari meza kuri wewe. Uturemangingo twawe twa meibomian ni ingenzi mu buzima bw'amaso yawe, bifasha mu kurinda amaso yawe. Kubwibyo, niba ufite MGD, ni ngombwa kuyisuzuma no kuyivura hakiri kare kugira ngo wirinde ingorane zikomeye. Niba ufite ikibazo kuri ibi, ntutindiganye kuvugana na muganga wawe w'amaso.

Amaso yumye , imiyoboro ya Meibomian, MGD, indwara y'amaso yumye, ubuzima bw'amaso, kudakora neza kw'imyanya ya Meibomian, indwara y'amaso yumye