Ese bisa nkaho imitsi mishya y'amaraso irimo kwirema mu jisho ryawe? Ese twavuga kuri ubu buryo bwo kuzana imitsi mishya mu jisho?

Hari igihe amaso yacu agira ibibazo bitunguranye, si byo se? Mu buryo butunguranye, amaso yacu ahinduka ibicurane, cyangwa amaso yacu agatukura kandi akababara. Hashobora kuba hari ikibazo kiri inyuma y'ibi bintu tutarabyumva cyane. Kimwe muri ibyo bibazo ni ugutera imitsi mishya y'amaraso mu jisho, cyangwa kurema imitsi mishya y'amaraso mu jisho.

Imitsi mishya y'amaraso mu jisho ikorwa iki? (Neovascularization of the Eye)

Mu magambo make, iki ni cyo gihe imiyoboro mishya y'amaraso ikora imbere mu jisho. Ariko, iyi miyoboro y'amaraso ikura ahantu itagomba gukura, mu buryo itagomba gukura, ndetse rimwe na rimwe ikamera cyane . Ikura nk'ibyatsi bibi. Udusimba dushya tw'imitsi dushobora no kuvuka hagati y'iyi miyoboro mishya y'amaraso. Ni bwo kureba bitangira kugira ingaruka.

Ibi ni byo twita mu buvuzi "Neovascularization": kurema imitsi mishya idakenewe mu jisho. Ibi bishobora gutera kubyimba no gucika inkovu mu jisho, ibyo bikaba byanatuma umuntu atabona neza cyangwa akabura burundu . Akenshi, iyi ndwara iterwa n'igikomere cyangwa indwara ikomeje.

Ni hehe iyi mitsi mishya y'amaraso ishobora gukorerwa mu jisho?

Noneho reka turebe ibice by'ijisho iyi mitsi mishya y'amaraso ishobora kugira ingaruka. Ijisho ni urugingo rugoye cyane kandi rworoshye.

• Choroid: Aha hantu haherereye hagati ya retina na sclera, igice cy'umweru cy'ijisho. Aha niho imitsi myinshi y'amaraso itanga amaraso mu jisho iherereye.
• Retina: Aha niho urumuri rwinjira mu jisho ruhinduka ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi hanyuma rukoherezwa mu bwonko. Ibi nibyo bidufasha kubona ibintu.
• Macula: Iyi iri hagati muri retina. Idufasha kubona ibintu biri imbere yacu neza.
• Iris: Iki ni igice cy'ijisho giha ibara ryacyo. Uruziga ruto rw'umukara ruri hagati, ari rwo mboni , narwo ruri hano.
• Korneya: Iki ni igice cy'ijisho gisobanutse neza, kimeze nk'ikirahure imbere, nk'idirishya.
• Conjunctiva: Iyi ni membrane nto irinda ijisho.

Ishingwa ry'imitsi mishya y'amaraso mu gice cy'imitsi `(Choroidal Neovascularization - CNV)`

Noneho reka turebe iyi `(Choroid)`, ni ukuvuga iremwa ry'imitsi mishya y'amaraso mu gice cy'imitsi. Ibi byitwa `(Choroidal Neovascularization - CNV)`.

Ibi bikunze kugaragara cyane ku bantu bafite ikibazo cyo kwangirika kw'amagufwa y'amagufwa ajyanye n'imyaka (AMD). Abaganga bemeza ko impamvu ari ukwiyongera kw'urugero rw'ikinyabutabire cyitwa Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), gikorwa na retina y'umuntu urwaye AMD.

Iyi mitsi mishya y'amaraso ntabwo isanzwe. Irakomeye cyane, nk'umuyoboro wacitse.Ibi bishobora gutuma amazi, ndetse rimwe na rimwe n'amaraso, yinjira muri retine. Tekereza nk'agapira gato kuzuyemo amazi, maze agasebe kakavuka kuri retine.

Izi mpamvu za `(CNV)` zishobora no gutuma imiyoboro mishya y'amaraso ivuka muri retina yo hagati (Macular Neovascularization - MNV). Ariko, rimwe na rimwe `(MNV)` ishobora kubaho nta mpamvu iyo ari yo yose. Muri ibyo bihe, yitwa kandi `(Idiopathic)`, bivuze "impamvu itazwi".

Guteza imbere imitsi y'amaraso mu jisho rya corneal

Hanyuma, reka tuvuge ku iremwa ry'imitsi mishya y'amaraso muri cornea. Wibuke ko cornea ari igice cy'ijisho gisobanutse neza. Ubusanzwe, nta mitsi y'amaraso igira na gato. Niyo mpamvu iba isobanutse neza. Rero, iyo imitsi mishya y'amaraso ivutsemo, ubwo buryo bworoshye bushobora guhungabana, kandi bushobora kumera nk'igihu. Ibi bishobora gutuma kureba bitihuta.

Iyi "Corneal Neovascularization" ifitanye isano n'indwara zitandukanye z'amaso.

Guteza imbere imitsi y'amaraso mu miyoboro y'amaraso mu maraso

Gutera imitsi mishya mu maraso ya retinal ni ukurema imitsi mishya y'amaraso idasanzwe muri retinal. Wibuke ko retinal ariho uturemangingo tw’amaraso tubona urumuri tuba turi. Iyi ndwara ishobora guterwa n’indwara zitandukanye n’imvune. Iyi mitsi mishya y’amaraso iba ifite intege nke kandi ishobora kuva amaraso no gusohora amazi.

Ugutera imbere kw'imitsi y'amaraso mu nda ya Iris

Iris Neovascularization ni iterambere ry'imitsi mishya kandi idasanzwe mu mboni y'amaso - igice cy'ijisho giha ijisho ibara. Nanone cyitwa Rubeosis Iridis. Ifitanye isano n'ubwoko bukomeye bwa glaucoma yitwa Neovascular Glaucoma. Glaucoma ni indwara yangiza imitsi y'amaso kandi ikaba ikibazo gikomeye ku kureba.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'iyi ndwara?

Noneho reka turebe ibimenyetso twumva kandi tubone iyo imiyoboro mishya y'amaraso ivutse mu jisho. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'aho imiyoboro mishya y'amaraso yatangiriye.

Iyo imitsi mishya y'amaraso ivutse muri koroyide na macula:

• Ibintu ubona bishobora kugaragara nk'ibidasobanutse neza kandi bidafite ishingiro , nko kwirebera mu mazi cyangwa mu ndorerwamo idasobanutse neza.
• Iyo urebye imbere, ushobora kubona ahantu hadafite ikintu cyangwa akadomo k'umukara hagati mu kureba kwawe.

Iyo imitsi mishya y'amaraso ivutse muri cornea (Corneal Vascularization):

Ushobora kuba udafite ibimenyetso na gato. Ariko, iyo ubibonye, ​​ushobora guhura n'ibi bikurikira:

• Kubabara amaso.
• Ubutukura bw'amaso.
• Amaso y'amazi.
• Kutabona urumuri (Photophobia) - Ibi bivuze kugorwa no kureba ibintu nk'izuba n'amatara yaka.
• Niba wambaye indorerwamo z'amaso (contact lenses), ushobora kutazongera kwambara amasaha arenga make.

Kuki ibi bibaho? Impamvu ni izihe?

Noneho reka turebe impamvu imitsi mishya y'amaraso ikora imbere mu jisho muri ubu buryo, n'impamvu zibitera. Impamvu z'iyi miterere ziratandukanye gato ahantu hose.

Impamvu zitera imitsi mishya y'amaraso kwirema muri koroyide na macula:

• Kwangirika kw'amagufwa y'uruhinja: Iyi ni yo mpamvu nyamukuru.
• Kutareba hafi cyane.
• Histoplasmosis y'amaso ni indwara iterwa n'ibihumyo mu jisho.
• Gukomereka mu maso.
• Imirongo ya angioid: Iyi ni nk'imitumba igaragara muri kimwe mu bice bya retina.
• Uveitis: Iyi ni ubwoko bw'indwara z'amaso zishobora gutera ububabare mu maso, gutukura no kubabara mu maso.

Impamvu zitera imitsi mishya y'amaraso kwirema muri cornea:

• Indwara zo mu nda: Izi ni indwara zibaho igihe umwana avuka.
• Gukomereka mu maso: Urugero, gutwika hakoreshejwe imiti.
• Keratite yandura.
• Allergie. (Ibibazo by'ubwivumbure).
• Ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri n'indwara zo kubyimba.
• Gukoresha indorerwamo z'amaso igihe kirekire bishobora gutera kubura umwuka wa ogisijeni mu mubiri (Hypoxia).
• Kwanga ko umubiri wafashe agace k'inyuma k'ijisho.

Impamvu zituma imitsi mishya y'amaraso ivuka muri retina:

• Indwara ya retine.
• Retinopathy: Ibi birimo indwara nka retinopathy iterwa na diyabete, retinopathy ya sickle cell, na retinopathy yo mu gihe cy'imburagihe.
• Kugabanuka kw'amaraso mu mitsi mikuru y'amaraso mu ijosi ryawe (imitsi ya carotid).
• Kuziba imitsi yo mu maraso: Uku ni ukuziba k'umutsi w'amaraso muri retina.

Impamvu zitera imitsi mishya y'amaraso muri iris:

• Indwara y'uruhu iterwa na diyabete.
• Kuziba imitsi yo mu gituza cyo hagati.
• Indwara yo kubura amaraso mu maso: Indwara iterwa no kugabanuka kw'amaraso ajya mu jisho.
• Gutandukana kwa retinal: Iki ni igihe retinal itandukana n'ingingo zayo ziyishyigikira.
• Uveitis.

Ubimenya ute? Ni ibihe bizamini?

Niba ufite ibimenyetso nk'ibi, ni gute muganga yabisuzuma neza? Hari ibizamini byinshi byabyo.

• Isuzuma ry'amaso rikozwe mu itara rinini:Muri ibi, ibitonyanga by'amaso bishyirwa ku jisho, imboni irakura, hanyuma imbere mu jisho hagasuzumwa neza hakoreshejwe igikoresho cyihariye, nka mikorosikopi.
• Isuzuma ry’amabara y’ijisho (OCT): Ibi ni nko gusuzuma imbere mu jisho. Rishobora gufata amashusho asobanutse neza y’imiterere y’ijisho. Rishobora gushaka ibintu nk’imitsi mishya y’amaraso n’amazi asohoka.
• Angiografiya ya Fluorescein cyangwa angiografiya y'icyatsi ya Indocyanine: Ibi bikubiyemo gutera irangi ryihariye mu mitsi iri mu kuboko kwawe no gufata amafoto y'imitsi iri mu jisho ryawe. Ibi bishobora kugaragaza neza ibintu nko kuziba no kuva kw'imitsi mu maraso.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura?

Uburyo bwo kuvura iyi ndwara butandukana bitewe n'icyayiteye n'igice cy'ijisho cyafashwe. Ubu buryo busanzwe burimo imiti cyangwa/cyangwa ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara, ibyo bikaba byangiza imiyoboro mishya y'amaraso idasanzwe.

Ubwoko bw'imiti:

Zimwe muri izi ni inshinge zo mu maso zishyirwa mu maso mu buryo butaziguye. Izi zigira uruhare runini mu kugenzura imiti yitwa VEGF no kugabanya iremwa ry'imitsi mishya y'amaraso.

• `Bevacizumab (Avastin®)` (Ibi bikoreshwa `(bitari mu gishushanyo mbonera)`, bivuze ko atari indwara yemewe, ahubwo ari uko bizwi ko ari ingirakamaro)
• `Brolucizumab (Beovu®)`
• `Aflibercept (Eylea®)`
• `Ranibizumab (Lucentis®)`
• Kuvura ibinyabuzima bikomoka ku ngirabuzimafatizo: Ubu ni uburyo bushya bwo kuvura bukiri mu cyiciro cy'ubushakashatsi.
• Ibinini bibuza MMP: Urugero, ikinini cyitwa Doxycycline , gitangwa kugira ngo gitere imbaraga imiyoboro mishya y'amaraso mu mboni.

Uburyo bwo kwangiza ingirangingo zidasanzwe:

• Uburyo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe laser: Ubu buryo bukoresha laser kugira ngo "butwike" kandi busenye imiyoboro mishya y'amaraso.
• Ubuvuzi bushingiye ku mucyo (PDT): Ibi bikubiyemo gutera umuti wihanganira urumuri mu jisho, hanyuma ukamura urumuri rwihariye mu jisho kugira ngo uhitemo imiyoboro y'amaraso idasanzwe.
• Guca uteri: Ubu buryo bukoresha ubushyuhe mu kuvura imiyoboro y'amaraso idasanzwe.

Nanone ibuka: Ubu buryo bwo kuvura bushobora kugira ingaruka mbi. Urugero, imiti ya steroide n'imiti irwanya VEGF ishobora kugira ingaruka mbi ku mubiri wose. Nanone, iyo yangiza imiyoboro y'amaraso, hari igihe ingingo nzima zishobora kwangirika. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa kuganira ku byiza n'ibibi bya buri buryo bwo kuvura na muganga wawe hanyuma ugahitamo ubukubereye.

Ni iki twakora kugira ngo twirinde iki kibazo?

Nubwo iki kibazo kidashobora kwirindwa burundu, hari ibintu dushobora gukora kugira ngo twite ku maso yacu kandi tugabanye ibyago:

• Mbere yo kureba mu masoKaraba intoki zawe neza n'isabune.
• Niba wambaye indorerwamo z'amaso (contact lenses), kurikiza amabwiriza akwiye yo kuzikoresha no kuzisukura. Ntukazimbare igihe kirenze igihe cyagenwe. Zikuremo igihe usinziriye.
• Baza muganga wawe ibiryo n'inyongeramusaruro bishobora gufasha amaso yawe kugira ubuzima bwiza. Ku bantu barwaye AMD, hari ubwoko bw'inyongeramusaruro yitwa AREDS 2 ishobora gufasha guhagarika cyangwa kugenzura ikwirakwira ry'indwara mu ntangiriro zayo.
• Kurikiza ingeso nziza zo kubaho. Ibi bivuze kurya indyo yuzuye, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe , no kwirinda kunywa itabi. Niba ufite indwara iyo ari yo yose, nka diyabete cyangwa umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, genzura neza.

Ni iki cyakwitegwa muri iki kibazo?

Iyo iyi mitsi mishya y'amaraso idavuwe, kureba kwawe kuzagenda kugabanuka buhoro buhoro ndetse amaherezo bikabura. Ibyo byagira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bwawe, si byo se?

Hari ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka ku kuvura bizagenda neza. Ibi birimo aho amaraso yangiritse, ubukana bwayo, imyaka yawe, ndetse niba ufite izindi ngorane z'ubuzima. Uko ivurwa vuba kandi ikavurwa, ni ko irushaho kuba nziza.

Ni ryari ngomba kujya kwa muganga?

Niba uhita utakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba, ukagira ububabare bukomeye mu maso, cyangwa ukagira ubushyuhe mu maso bigatuma bigorana kubona urumuri, hita ubonana na muganga. Nanone, niba ubonye impinduka mu maso yawe (urugero: kutabona neza, utudomo twirabura), cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso ukeka ko bishobora kuba ikibazo, hita ubonana na muganga w’amaso.

Ni ngombwa kandi kwipimisha amaso buri gihe nk'uko byasabwe na muganga wawe w'amaso. Niba ufite ibyago byo kurwara indwara zimwe na zimwe z'amaso (urugero: diyabete, amateka y'umuryango wa AMD), ushobora gukenera kujyayo kenshi.

Ese "Neovascularization" na "Angiogenesis" ni ibintu bitandukanye?

Iyi ni ingingo irambuye, ariko mu magambo make, `(Angiogenesis)` ni inzira y'imitsi mishya y'amaraso iva mu mitsi isanzwe. `(Vasculogenesis)` ni inzira y'imitsi mishya y'amaraso ihera mu turemangingo (nk'aho ihera ku busa). `(Neovascularization)` ishobora gukoreshwa mu kurema imitsi mishya y'amaraso mu buryo bwombi. Rero `(Neovascularization)` ni ijambo rinini, kandi rishobora kuba rikubiyemo ubwo bwoko bwose bw'imitsi mishya y'amaraso.

Ibintu by'ingenzi tugomba kwibuka muri iyi nkuru ni

Rero, twavuze byinshi kuri iyi ndwara yitwa "Neovascularization of the Eye", aho imitsi mishya y'amaraso ivuka imbere mu jisho. Nubwo ibi bishobora gusa n'ibiteye ubwoba, iyo bigaragaye kandi bigavurwa mu gihe gikwiye, hari amahirwe menshi ko iyo ndwara ishobora gukemurwa no kutabona neza.

• Niba uhuye n'impinduka zitunguranye mu kureba, gutukura, ububabare, cyangwa ingorane zo kubona mu rumuri rwinshi, ntutinde. Shaka muganga w'amaso ako kanya.
• Niba ufite indwara nka diyabete, hyperopia, cyangwa amateka y'umuryango wawe ya AMD, jya usuzuma amaso yawe buri gihe nk'uko muganga wawe yabigutegetse.
• Koresha umuti muganga wawe yakwandikiye neza, kurikiza amabwiriza ye, kandi ntuhagarike imiti hagati.
• Irinde kunywa itabi burundu. Kunywa itabi ni bibi cyane ku buzima bw'amaso, cyane cyane ku ndwara nka AMD n'indwara z'amaso za diyabete.
• Indyo yuzuye no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe ntabwo ari byiza ku maso yawe gusa, ahubwo no ku mubiri wawe wose. Shyiramo imboga rwatsi, imbuto n'amafi akungahaye kuri omega-3 mu ndyo yawe.

Wibuke ko amaso yawe ari ay'agaciro cyane. Ni yo soko y'agaciro cyane dufite kugira ngo tubone isi. Kubwibyo, ni inshingano zawe kuyafata neza. Iyo ubimenye mbere y'igihe kandi ugafata ingamba zikenewe, ushobora kwirinda ibibazo byinshi.

` Kuvura indwara z'amaso, indwara zo mu maso, kureba, retina, ubuvuzi bw'amaso, kuvura amaso