⚡ Interactive Clinical Tool
BMI Calculator
Know your body mass index (BMI) and weight classification
Iki kintu gishya cyavumbuwe ni iki?
Ubushakashatsi bw'ingenzi cyane buherutse gusohoka mu kinyamakuru cya siyansi kizwi cyane ku isi cyitwa 'Nature Aging'. Nk'uko iyi kipe y'ubushakashatsi ibivuga, mu gusesengura poroteyine zimwe na zimwe mu maraso y'umuntu, birashoboka kumenya niba uwo muntu ashobora kurwara indwara yo kwibagirwa mu myaka 10-15. Tekereza, ni byiza gute kumenya ikintu nk'iki ndetse n'imyaka icumi mbere yuko ibimenyetso bigaragara? Abaganga babyita "kumenya indwara yo kwibagirwa hakiri kare". Muri iki gihe, nta muti uhari wo kuvura indwara yo kwibagirwa. Ariko, niba tuzi ko indwara ishobora kuza hakiri kare cyane, dushobora gukora byinshi kugira ngo tugenzure cyangwa tutinze iterambere ry'iyi ndwara. Urugero, dufite umwanya wo guhindura imibereho no gutangira uburyo bumwe na bumwe bwo kuvura nk'uko muganga yabidutegetse.Mu magambo make, ni nko kubona iteganyagihe mbere yuko inkubi y'umuyaga itangira. Biduha umwanya wo kubyitegura.
Iki gipimo cy'amaraso gikora gite?
Kugira ngo tubisobanukirwe, tugomba kubanza gutekereza ku mibiri yacu. Imibiri yacu ni imashini zigoye cyane. Hari imiti itandukanye itanga ubutumwa hagati y’ibice bitandukanye by’iyi mashini. Poroteyine ni imwe mu ntumwa z’ingenzi. By’umwihariko, poroteyine zo mu maraso zivuga byinshi ku buzima bw’umubiri wacu. Icyo ubu bushakashatsi bwakoze ni ugusesengura poroteyine nk’izo zigera ku 1.500 mu maraso no kumenya imiterere ya poroteyine igaragaza ibyago byo kurwara indwara yo kwibagirwa. Binyuze muri ibi, bemeje isano iri hagati ya poroteyine eshatu zavumbuwe mbere. Babonye kandi poroteyine nshya ifite akamaro kanini muri ubu buhanuzi. Reka turebe ibyo izi poroteyine ari byo n’icyo zivuga mu mbonerahamwe iri hepfo.| Poroteyine | Mu magambo make, ibi bivuze iki? |
|---|---|
| GFAP | Ibi bifitanye isano no kwangirika cyangwa kubyimba mu bwonko. Mu ndwara yo kwibagirwa, urugero rw'iyi poroteyine ruhinduka uko uturemangingo tw'ubwonko twangiritse. |
| NEFL | Iyi poroteyine yirundanya mu maraso iyo uturemangingo tw’imitsi (neurons) two mu bwonko twangiritse. Iki ni ikimenyetso cyo kwangirika kw’uturemangingo tw’imitsi. |
| GDF15 | Iyi poroteyine yiyongera mu bihe bitandukanye by'imihangayiko mu mubiri. Byagaragaye kandi ko yiyongera mu bikorwa bijyanye no kwibagirwa. |
| LTBP2 (yamenyekanye vuba) | Iki ni cyo kintu gishya kandi gikomeye cyane cyavumbuwe muri ubu bushakashatsi. Iyi poroteyine yagaragaje ubuhanga buhanitse mu guhanura ibyago byo kwibagirwa. |
Ibi ni ukuri gute?
Intsinzi nyayo y'ubu bushakashatsi si uko barebye kuri poroteyine imwe gusa. Bahuje amakuru yavuye muri zimwe muri izi poroteyine kugira ngo bunguke uburyo bwo guhanura neza.Tekereza, ibyo aba bashakashatsi bakoze ni nk'umupolisi udashaka kureba ibimenyetso bimwe gusa, ahubwo agakusanya ibimenyetso byinshi maze agafata umwanzuro.Nanone, iyo imyaka y'umuntu, igitsina, urwego rw'uburezi , n'uko gene ya APOE4 iboneka muri aya makuru ya poroteyine, ukuri kw'ibyo yahanuye birushaho kwiyongera. APOE4 ni gene yongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara ya Alzheimer. Ariko, si buri wese ufite iyi gene uzarwara iyi ndwara, ndetse n'umuntu wese utayifite. Ni ikintu cy'ingenzi gusa.
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Check Availability →Ese indwara ya Dementia ni imwe?
Oya. Dementia si indwara imwe, ahubwo ni ijambo rusange risobanura ibimenyetso byinshi. Nk'uko "umuriro" ushobora kugira impamvu nyinshi. Hari impamvu nyinshi z'ingenzi zitera dementia. 1. Indwara ya Alzheimer:Ubu ni bwo bwoko bwa dementia bukunze kugaragara cyane. Buterwa no gupfa buhoro buhoro kw'uturemangingo tw'ubwonko no kwiyongera kwa poroteyine zidasanzwe (plaques na tangles) mu bwonko. Ni nk'aho imiyoboro mu bwonko irimo kwangirika. 2. Dementia y'imitsi: Indwara iterwa no kwangirika kw'imitsi ijyana amaraso mu bwonko. Urugero, iyi ndwara ishobora kubaho iyo amaraso agana mu bice by'ubwonko yahungabanye bitewe n'udukoko twinshi duto. Ni nk'aho 'umuyoboro' waciwe mu bice bimwe na bimwe by'ubwonko. Ikindi kintu cyihariye muri iki gipimo gishya cy'amaraso ni uko kitabasha guhanura gusa ibyago byo kurwara dementia muri rusange, ahubwo kinasobanura ibyago byo kurwara indwara ya Alzheimer ndetse n'indwara yo kurwara dementia y'imitsi ukwayo. Ibi bizaba ingenzi cyane mu gutegura uburyo bwo kuvura mu gihe kizaza.Inzitizi z'ubu bushakashatsi n'ejo hazaza hacu
Nkuko bigenda mu bushakashatsi bwose, hari imbogamizi kuri ubu bushakashatsi. Icyitonderwa ni uko abitabiriye ubu bushakashatsi bari benshi mu bazungu batuye mu Bwongereza. Bityo rero, hakenewe ubundi bushakashatsi kugira ngo harebwe uburyo ibi bisubizo bireba abaturage bo muri Aziya nkatwe. Nanone, ibi biracyari mu cyiciro cy'ubushakashatsi. Ntushobora gusaba muganga wawe iki kizamini ejo mu gitondo. Ariko nk'uko abashakashatsi babivuga, ibiganiro byatangiye gutegura ikizamini gikoreshwa ku isoko gishingiye kuri ibi bisubizo. Ibi bivuze ko ibi bishobora kuba impamo mu myaka mike iri imbere.Igikuru ni uko, nubwo twumva inkuru nk'izi zitanga icyizere, tutibagirwa icyo dushobora gukora ubu. Kurya indyo yuzuye, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe , kugenzura umuvuduko w'amaraso na diyabete , no gukora ibikorwa bibangamira ubwonko (urugero: gusoma ibitabo, gukemura ibibazo by'amayobera) ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara indwara yo kwibagirwa .Niba wowe cyangwa uwo ukunda afite ibibazo byo kwibuka, ntutinye kuvugana na muganga w'umuryango wawe.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Ubushakashatsi bushya bwerekana ko ikizamini cy'amaraso gishobora kubasha kugaragaza indwara yo kwiheba imyaka 10-15 mbere yuko ibimenyetso bigaragara.
- Ubu buryo bushingiye ku gusesengura urugero rwa poroteyine nyinshi mu maraso (poroteyine zo mu maraso).
- Kumenya hakiri kare ibyago by'indwara ni uburyo bwiza bwo guhindura imibereho kugira ngo ugenzure uko indwara ikomeza, kandi witegure uburyo bwo kuvurwa mu gihe kizaza.
- Ibi biracyari mu cyiciro cy'ubushakashatsi kandi ntibiragera ku rwego rwo gukoreshwa mu buvuzi.
- Niba wowe cyangwa umuntu wawe wa hafi ufite ikibazo cyo kwibuka, ni ngombwa cyane kukiganiraho na muganga wawe.
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