Iyo tuvuze ku maraso ari mu mibiri yacu, dukunze gutekereza ku bintu nk'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso , uturemangingo twera tw'amaraso , na plaquettes . Ariko se wari uzi ko utu turemangingo twose tureremba mu gice cyihariye cy'amaraso yacu? Ni cyo twita plasma. Mu by'ukuri, uyu ni we ntwari y'amaraso yacu itavuga. Uyu munsi, turaganira kuri iyi plasma.
Iyi plasma ni iki?
Muri make, plasma ni igice cy'amazi mu maraso yawe. Plasma igize 55%, cyangwa birenga kimwe cya kabiri, cy'amaraso yawe yose. Nubwo iyo dutekereje ku maraso, mu by'ukuri, plasma yonyine ni amazi y'umuhondo werurutse. Amaraso yacu ni umutuku bitewe n'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso.
None se iyi plasma ikozwe mu ki?
Tekereza, 90% by'ibi ni amazi. 10% bisigaye ni byo by'ingenzi cyane. Birimo:
- Umunyu na Enzymes : Ni ingenzi mu mikorere y'ibinyabutabire mu mubiri.
- Antibodies : Izi antibodies ni zo ziturinda indwara zirwanya mikorobe zinjira mu mibiri yacu.
- Poroteyine: Ubwoko bubiri bwa poroteyine, cyane cyane albumine na fibrinogen, ni ingenzi cyane muri ibi.
Nubwo amaraso yacu abona ibara ritukura riturutse ku turemangingo dutukura tw’amaraso, utwo turemangingo twose, harimo n’utwo turemangingo dutukura, tunyura muri uyu mushongi w’umuhondo witwa plasma.
Ni akahe kamaro plasma ifite ku mubiri wacu?
Plasma ni nk'uburyo bwiza bwo gutanga serivisi mu mubiri wacu. Ikora n'ibindi byinshi kugira ngo umubiri wacu ukomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza. Reka turebe ibintu by'ingenzi ikora.
| Akamaro ka plasma | Bigenda bite kuri byo? |
|---|---|
| Gutwara intungamubiri, imisemburo na poroteyine | Plasma irimo imisemburo ifasha imitsi n'amagufwa yacu gukura, intungamubiri nka potasiyumu na sodiyumu uturemangingo twacu dukeneye kugira ngo dukore, hamwe n'ibintu bituma amaraso ahagarara iyo twakomeretse, umubiri wose. |
| Kugenzura umuvuduko w'amaraso n'ingano y'amaraso | Plasma ifasha mu kubungabunga umuvuduko w'amaraso n'ingano y'amaraso mu mubiri, ari na byo bituma amaraso atembera neza mu mitsi yacu. |
| Gukuraho imyanda | Plasma ifasha kandi gushonga imyanda ya shimi iva mu turemangingo twacu no kuyijyana mu ngingo nk'impyiko n'umwijima kugira ngo ivanwe mu mubiri, kimwe n'uko serivisi yo gukusanya imyanda ikoreshwa. |
| Kubungabunga ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri | Plasma itwara uturemangingo twavuze mbere mu mubiri wose, igaha umubiri wacu imbaraga nyinshi zo kurwanya indwara zandura ziterwa na bagiteri. |
Ushobora gutanga plasma kugira ngo urokore ubuzima!
Kimwe no gutanga amaraso, ushobora no gutanga plasma gusa. Plasma yakusanyijwe muri ubu buryo ikoreshwa n'abaganga mu kuvura abarwayi bafite ibibazo bikomeye by'ubuzima. Ibi bishobora kurokora ubuzima bwa benshi.
Dore zimwe mu nyungu zo gutanga plasma:
- Impanuka n'ubushye: Plasma ihabwa abarwayi bafite ubushye bukomeye n'ihungabana kuko ibintu bituma amaraso agwa hamwe na poroteyine birimo bifasha mu gukira.
- Abarwayi ba kanseri: Abantu bakuru n'abana bafite indwara za kanseri nka leukemia rimwe na rimwe baba bakeneye guterwa amaraso mu maraso.
- Kubagwa ingingo: Abarwayi baterwa umwijima cyangwa umwongo w'amagufwa bakeneye plasma kugira ngo bafashe imibiri yabo gukira.
- Gutegura uburyo bwo kuvura indwara zidasanzwe: Poroteyine zidasanzwe n'uturemangingo tw'umubiri tuboneka mu maraso bikoreshwa mu gutegura uburyo bwo kuvura indwara zimwe na zimwe zidasanzwe z'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri.
- Hemophilia (Hemophilia ): Iyi ni indwara idakunze kubaho aho amaraso atagira ubushobozi bwo kuvura. Aba barwayi bashobora kuvurwa no guterwa amaraso mu maraso kugira ngo bakemure ikibazo cyo kubura amaraso.
Bigenda bite iyo utanze plasma?
Gutanga plasma bitandukanye gato no gutanga amaraso yose. Kugira ngo utange plasma, ugomba kuba ufite imyaka 18 kandi upima nibura ibiro 50. Uzajya unapimwa ubwandu bwa virusi nka virusi itera SIDA na hepatite mbere yo gutanga.
Iyo utanze amaraso mu buryo busanzwe, amaraso ashyirwa mu gakapu ko kuyakusanya hanyuma agashyirwa muri laboratwari. Ariko iyo utanze plasma, amaraso akurwa mu kuboko kwawe akajya mu mashini yihariye. Imashini itandukanya plasma gusa, hanyuma uturemangingo dutukura dusigaye n'utundi turemangingo twongera gushyirwa mu mubiri wawe hakoreshejwe umuti wa saline.
Ibi bivuze ko uzumva unaniwe cyane kurusha uko wakumva nyuma yo gutanga amaraso buri gihe. Ubusanzwe igikorwa cyose kimara isaha imwe n'iminota 15.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Plasma ni igice cy'umuhondo werurutse kigize 55% by'amaraso yacu. Ni ingenzi mu gutwara intungamubiri hirya no hino mu mubiri wacu no kuturinda indwara.
- Plasma ifasha mu kubungabunga umuvuduko w'amaraso no gukura imyanda mu mubiri.
- Gutanga plasma ni uburyo bwiza bwo kurokora ubuzima, cyane cyane ku barwaye kanseri, ubushye n'indwara zidasanzwe.
- Uburyo bwo gutanga plasma ni bwiza cyane. Ntuzumva umunaniro ubwo uturemangingo dutukura tuzasubizwa mu mubiri wawe.
- Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi kuri ibi, vugana na muganga wawe cyangwa ubaze ikigo gitanga amaraso kiri hafi yawe.
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