Hari igihe, iyo abaganga bakora operasiyo , cyane cyane iyo bakeneye gukora ingendo zoroshye kandi zinoze, baba bakeneye ubufasha bwihariye. Niho abaganga bakora operasiyo . Muri make, ubu buryo bwemerera abaganga gukora no kubaga bigoye cyane ku rwego rwo hejuru kandi mu buryo bunoze.
Kubaga Robotic ni iki mu by'ukuri?
Akenshi, abaganga bakoresha ubu buryo mu kubaga mu buryo budakoresha imiti myinshi , ariko hari igihe bukoreshwa no mu kubaga mu buryo busanzwe.
Iki si ikintu kimaze igihe kinini gihari. Ubushakashatsi kuri iri koranabuhanga bwakozwe kuva mu myaka ya 1970. NASA ni yo ya mbere yateye inkunga umushinga nk'uyu kugira ngo irebe niba ishobora kubaga abahanga mu by'ikirere n'abasirikare badashobora kugera ku baganga b'abantu.
Tekereza ukuntu iri koranabuhanga rimaze igihe kinini, kuva mu 1985, hakozwe isuzuma ry’ubwonko hakoreshejwe imashini yitwa PUMA 560. Kuva icyo gihe , iri koranabuhanga ryagiye ritera imbere uko igihe kigenda gihita, rigera ku rwego tubona uyu munsi.
Iyi roboti ikora iki gikorwa cyo kubaga?
Iyi ni inzira ishimishije cyane. Sisitemu yo kubaga ya roboti ifite amaboko menshi ya tekiniki. Ukuboko kumwe gufite kamera ya 3D igezweho. Andi maboko afite ibikoresho byoroshye cyane muganga akoresha mu kubaga.
Umuganga ubaga yicaye kuri moniteri yihariye na konsole yo kugenzura hafi y'umurwayi. Ahereye aho, ashobora kugenzura amaboko ya roboti mu cyumba cyo kubaga. Ashobora kandi kubaga areba ishusho ya 3D yagutse kandi isobanutse neza kuri kamera.
Ni nko gukina umukino wa videwo . Muganga agenzura uku kuboko kwa roboti akoresheje icyuma gipima. Ikintu cy'ingenzi hano ni uko roboti ihora igenzurwa na muganga wawe . Roboti ikora gusa ku mategeko yahawe na muganga. Nta bushobozi ifite bwo gufata ibyemezo ubwayo. Nanone, abaganga bagomba guhabwa amahugurwa yihariye kugira ngo bakoreshe ibi bikoresho.
Ni izihe ndwara zivurwa hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya robotic surgery?
Abaganga bakoresha ikoranabuhanga rya roboti mu kubaga kugira ngo bavure ibibazo byinshi by’ubuzima. Imbonerahamwe iri hepfo irabigaragaza neza.
| Ubwoko bw'imiterere y'umubiri/imiterere yawo | Indwara n'indwara zavuwe |
|---|---|
| Sisitemu y'igifu | |
| Ingingo zo mu nda | Uduce duto tw'amara, umwijima, inyo, amenyo, igifu, pancreas, no gusana hernia. |
| Kugorwa no kumira | Kumira ingorane nka acalasia. |
| Sisitemu y'imyanya ndangagitsina | |
| Indwara z'abagore | Kugabanuka kw'ibibero, fibroids, endometriosis, kubagwa igitsina, kuva amaraso mu gihe cy'inda idasanzwe. |
| Uturemangingo tw'inkari | Ibibazo bifitanye isano na prostate, impyiko, imyakura y'inkende, n'uruhago. |
| Ibindi bihe | |
| Amagufwa n'imitsi | Indwara yo kugabanya imitsi yo mu bwonko, scoliosis. |
| Umutwe n'ijosi | Kanseri, ubumuga bwo guhumeka mu gihe cyo gusinzira, kubagwa tonsillectomy, gukuraho cyst. |
| Ibindi | Kubagwa umubyibuho ukabije (urugero: kubagwa mu gifu), ibibazo by'umutima n'ibihaha. |
Ni izihe nyungu n'ibibi byo kubaga robots?
Nk’uko bigenda mu buvuzi ubwo aribwo bwose, kubaga hakoreshejwe robo bifite ibyiza byabyo ndetse n’ibibi bimwe na bimwe ndetse n’ingaruka zabyo.
Ugereranyije no kubaga bisanzwe, kubaga roboti ni ingenzi cyane . Umuganga afite ububasha bwo kugenzura no gukora ingendo nyinshi. Kubera ko ukuboko roboti gushobora kuzunguruka dogere 360, bishobora kugera ahantu bigoye kugeraho ku kiganza cy'umuntu. Nanone, kubera kamera ya 3D, ndetse n'imiterere mito cyane irashobora kugaragara neza.
Dore ibyiza n'ibibi by'ingenzi.
| Ibyiza | Ingaruka mbi n'ibyago |
|---|---|
| Kugabanya ububabare no kuva amaraso. | Birahenze kurusha kubagwa bisanzwe. |
| Kugabanya ibyago byo kwandura indwara nko kwandura nyuma yo kubagwa. | Bifata igihe kirekire kwitegura kubagwa kuruta kubagwa bisanzwe. |
| Kumara igihe gito mu bitaro (ubusanzwe iminsi 1-2). | Nkuko bigenda mu kubagwa kose, hari ibyago bimwe na bimwe byo kwandura indwara n'izindi ngorane. |
| Ishobora gukira vuba (gukira burundu mu byumweru 6). | Si ibitaro byose bifite iki kigo. |
| Kubasha gusubira mu mirimo isanzwe ya buri munsi vuba. | Umuganga ubaga akeneye amahugurwa yihariye kugira ngo abigereho. |
| Ingano y'inkovu zisigaye ku mubiri ni nto cyane. |
Ahazaza h'ikoranabuhanga ryo kubaga robots
Ibitaro byinshi muri Amerika no mu Burayi birimo gukoresha iri koranabuhanga, kandi abashakashatsi n'amasosiyete bakomeje kugerageza gukora sisitemu nto, zoroheje kandi zigezweho za roboti.
Amahugurwa ku byerekeye ukuri kwa virtual n'ukuri kwa augmented
Ubu abaganga bashobora kubaga hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya Virtual Reality (VR) mbere yo kujya mu cyumba cyo kubaga. Ibi bituma babona uburwayi nyabwo bazahura nabwo mu gihe cyo kubaga kuri mudasobwa no gutegura kubagwa umurwayi ku giti cye mbere y’igihe.
Ikoranabuhanga rya Augmented Reality (AR) rishobora kongera amakuru menshi ku mashusho nyayo y'umurwayi ya 3D, bigatuma arushaho kubona neza ibice by'umubiri n'imiterere yawo. Iri koranabuhanga rituma umuntu abona utuntu duto cyane kandi duto cyane ku buryo amaso y'umuntu atabona.
Iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga
Uko igihe cyagiye gihita, izi sisitemu za roboti zoroheye abaganga kuzikoresha, ndetse hongeweho ibintu bishya, nka kamera za 3D zikura amashusho inshuro 10 hamwe n'ikoranabuhanga rya infrared.
Igitangaje ni uko itsinda ry’abaganga riherutse kubaga umurwayi wo mu Burayi ukomoka muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika binyuze kuri interineti yihuta cyane. Ibi bigaragaza ko mu gihe kizaza, umuganga ku Isi ashobora kubaga umuhanga mu by’ikirere mu kirere.
Nanone, ubu ubushakashatsi burimo gukorwa ku ma robots akora operasiyo mu buryo bwikora, nta muntu ubikoze.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Kubaga roboti ni igikoresho kigezweho cyane kigenzurwa na muganga, si roboti ikora yonyine.
- Ibi bitanga inyungu nyinshi nko kugabanya ububabare, inkovu nto, kuva amaraso make, no gukira vuba.
- Ariko ibi birahenze kurusha kubagwa bisanzwe, kandi ubu buryo ntibukwiriye kuri buri kubagwa.
- Niba uteganya kubagwa, shakisha niba kubagwa kwa roboti bikubereye n'ibyiza n'ibibi byabyo.Buri gihe vugana n'umuganga wawe mu buryo bweruye. Ni bwo gusa ushobora gufata icyemezo cyiza.
Kubaga Roboti, kubaga mu buryo budakoresha ingufu nyinshi, ikoranabuhanga ryo kubaga, ikoranabuhanga mu buvuzi
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