Ngatitaurei nezvenzira yakavanzika inodzora BP yako: (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System - RAAS)!

Wakambofunga here kuti BP yako haisi chinhu chausingakwanise kudzora? Kutaura zvazviri, kune sisitimu yakaoma uye inoshamisa mukati memiviri yedu yekuidzora. Ndiyo sisitimu yatichataura nezvayo nhasi. Iyi inonzi renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system , kana kuti RAAS muchidimbu. Usazvidya moyo, kunyangwe zita racho rakareba zvishoma, ngatirinzwisise zviri nyore.

Chii chinonzi RAAS (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System) iyi?

Zvakanaka, saka chii chinonzi RAAS (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System)? Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, isystem yakabatana yemahormone, mapuroteni, uye ma enzymes mumiviri yedu anoshanda pamwe chete. Zvakafanana nechikwata chidiki chakagadzirwa zvakanaka. Basa guru rechikwata ichi nderekudzora BP yedu nehuwandu hwemvura mumuviri wedu, kureva huwandu hweropa, kwenguva refu.

Funga nezvetsinga dzeropa dziri mumuviri wedu semapombi anotakura mvura. Huwandu hweropa rinoyerera nemumapombi aya, uye kumanikidzwa kunoitwa neropa iroro pamadziro emapombi, ndizvo zvatinodaidza kuti kumanikidzwa kweropa. Saka, zvinoitwa neRAAS iyi kuwedzera kutorwazve kwemunyu (sodium) nemvura mumuviri. Ipapo huwandu hwemvura mumuviri, kureva huwandu hweropa, hunowedzera. Zvinoitawo kuti tsinga dzeropa dziome. Kureva kuti, inodzora kutaridzika kwetsinga dzeropa. Zvese izvi zvinobatsira kuchengetedza kumanikidzwa kweropa padanho rinodiwa, kana kuti, padanho rakanaka.

Kune vatambi vakuru vatatu mune iyi RAAS system, sevatambi vakuru mumutambo:

• Renin: Iyi ienzyme.
• Angiotensin II: Iyi ihormone.
• Aldosterone : Iyi ihormone zvakare.

Kuti titsanangure mashoko maviri aya zvishoma, ma enzymes imhando dzakasiyana dzemapuroteni anobatsira nekukurumidzisa mashandiro emakemikari mumiviri yedu. Anobatsira kugadzira zvimwe zvinhu zvitsva uye kuputsa zvimwe zvinhu. Mahormone inhume dzemakemikari dzinotungamira mashandiro emiviri yedu. Anofamba neropa uye anoudza nhengo dzakasiyana dzemuviri, tsandanyama, uye nyama zvekuita uye nguva yekuzviita. Zvakafanana nebasa repositi remuviri wedu.

Saka, chii chinonzi BP?

Paunoenda kuna chiremba, vanoyera BP yako necuff paruoko rwako. Kutaura chokwadi, iyi ndiyo pressure inokonzerwa neropa riri mutsinga dzako pese painorova mwoyo wako. Iyi pressure yakajairika inokosha zvikuru kuti ropa rifambe zvakanaka kubva pamwoyo wedu kuenda kune dzimwe nhengo dzese dzemuviri wedu.

Kumanikidzwa kweropa kunoenderana nezvinhu zvakawanda, zvakaita sekuti mwoyo wako unopomba ropa rakawanda sei uye dhayamita yetsinga dzinoyerera ropa rako.

Zvinhu zvakawanda, zvakaita semimwe mishonga, huwandu hwakawanda hwecholesterol, uye kusvuta, zvinogona kukanganisa BP yako. Zvisinei, hurongwa hukuru hune basa rekudzora BP iRAAS (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System). Asi yeuka, kana uine BP yakakwira (hypertension) kana BP yakaderera (hypotension), hazvifanirwe kunge zvichinetsa system yeRAAS nguva dzose. Panogona kunge paine zvimwe zvikonzero.

Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati peRAAS ne baroreceptor reflex?

Zvese izvi zvakakosha zvikuru pakudzora BP, asi pane musiyano mudiki.

RAAS (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System) inonyanya kushanda kudzora huwandu hweropa kwenguva refu uye kuramba kwetsinga mumuviri wese.

Kune rumwe rutivi, baroreceptor reflex, kana sekudanwa kwazvinoitwa nevamwe , baroreflex , inoshanda kana paine kudzikira kwenguva pfupi kweBP. Kureva kuti, inopindura nekukurumidza kune shanduko diki, dzinokurumidza muBP kubva pakurova kwemoyo kuenda pakurova kwemoyo. Aya ma baroreceptor, ari mutsinga dzedu, anokurumidza kuzivisa sisitimu yedu yetsinga inotonga yega nezvekuchinja uku.

Ndedzipi nhengo dzakakosha dzinobatanidzwa muRAAS?

Nhengo dzakasiyana-siyana dzemuviri wedu, magland, uye matishu zvinoshanda pamwe chete kuti zvive nechokwadi chekuti iyi RAAS system inoshanda nemazvo. Chinonyanya kukosha pane izvi ndeichi:

• Itsvo : Idzi ndidzo dzinotanga kuburitsa renin.
• Chiropa: Puroteni inonzi angiotensinogen inogadzirwa pano.
• Mitsipa yeropa: Izvi ndizvo zvinoderedza uye zvinowedzera BP.
• Mapapu: Nzvimbo huru yeACE enzyme.
• Matumbu eAdrenal: Aya matumbu maviri madiki, ane chimiro chetatu ari pamusoro peitsvo dzedu. Anogadzira aldosterone.
• Gland repituitary: Iri igland diki rakakura sepfupa, riri pasi pehuropi, pasi pehypothalamus. Rinoburitsa hormone inonzi ADH.
• Hypothalamus: Iyi inzvimbo yehuropi inobatanidza mashandiro ehurongwa hwedu hwetsinga hwemuviri negland repituitary.

Ona kuti zvinhu zvingani zvinofanira kushanda pamwe chete kuti chinhu chimwe chishande!

Sisitimu iyi yeRAAS inoshanda sei chaizvo?

Zvakanaka, ngationei kuti iyi RAAS (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System) inoshanda sei. Iyi inzira inoitika mumatanho akati wandei:

1. Kutanga, fungidzira kuti BP yako inongoerekana yadzikira zvishoma . Kana kuti huwandu hweropa hunoenda kuitsvo hunodzikira. Panguva iyoyo, itsvo dzedu mbiri dzakangwara dzinoburitsa enzyme inonzi renin muropa.

2. Zvadaro renin iyi inopwanya puroteni inonzi angiotensinogen , inogadzirwa muchiropa chedu yowedzerwa muropa. Zvakafanana nekucheka bepa nechigero. Ipapo hormone inonzi angiotensin I inoumbwa.

3. Asi iyi angiotensin I haisi kushanda zvakanyanya, kureva kuti, haina simba rakawanda (haina basa). Saka kana ichifamba nemuropa, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) iri mumapapu edu neitsvo inoipwanya kuita zvidimbu zvakawanda. Ndipo panoumbwa hormone inoshanda zvikuru inonzi angiotensin II .

4. Iye zvino iyi angiotensin II ndiyo inonyanya kushanda. Inongoerekana yaita kuti madziro etsinga dzedu diki, maarterioles, adzike. Funga nezvazvo sekudzvanya pombi yemvura uye mvura ichifamba nekukurumidza, uye kana tsinga dzadzikira, BP inowedzera. Kwete izvozvo chete, iyi angiotensin II inozivisa ma adrenal glands edu kuti abudise hormone inonzi aldosterone . Inoudzawo pituitary gland kuti ibudise hormone inorwisa diuretic, ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone), kana Vasopressin .

5. Zvadaro, aldosterone neADH zvinoshanda pamwe chete kuudza itsvo kuti dzitorezve munyu unodiwa nemuviri, kureva sodium, mumuviri, kureva kuti, kuti urambe uripo. Panguva imwe chete, aldosterone inoudza itsvo kuti dzibudise potassium iyo muviri usingade muweti .

6. Saka, kana huwandu hwe sodium muropa hukawedzera, muviri unotangawo kuchengetedza mvura. Ipapo huwandu hweropa rose hunowedzera, uye pamwe chete neropa rinowedzera. Ndizvo zvinoitwa ne renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Kumanikidzwa kweropa kunodzokera pakare.

Sisitimu yeRAAS inogona kushandiswa nemamwe mahormone akati wandei. Semuenzaniso , corticosteroids, estrogen, uye mahormone ethyroid zvinogonawo kukurudzira sisitimu.

Chii chiri hukama huripo pakati pekushaya simba kwemoyo neRAAS?

Zvino ngatitarisei iyi nzira yeRAAS, iyo vamwe vanoti kukundikana kwemoyo.Chii chiri hukama huripo pakati pechirwere ichi neRAAS system? Kutaura zvazviri, mumuviri wemunhu ane chirwere chemwoyo, iyi RAAS system inoita basa rakakosha, uye dzimwe nguva rakaoma.

Pakutanga, kana mwoyo usingakwanise kupomba ropa nemazvo (kureva kuti, kana mwoyo usina simba), haugone kupa ropa rakakwana kunhengo dzinokosha dzemuviri. Panguva iyoyo, shanduko muRAAS system dzinotanga kuitika senzira yekutsiva izvi. Nemamwe mashoko, muviri unoedza kutsiva kushomeka uku.

Zvikuru sei, RAAS inoburitsa hormone inonzi Angiotensin II mukuyedza kutsiva kuyerera kweropa kwakaderera. Zvisinei, kuwedzera uku kuburitswa kweAngiotensin II nekufamba kwenguva kunogona kuwedzera chirwere chemwoyo. Masayendisiti anotenda kuti kuwanda uku kweAngiotensin II kunokonzera kukura kwemoyo uye kugadziriswa.

Kutaura chokwadi, kana mwoyo usina simba uye uchipomba ropa shoma, muviri unofunga kuti, 'Aa, BP yangu yakaderera, handina ropa rakakwana.' Saka RAAS inobatidzwa kuti iwedzere BP uye iwedzere huwandu hweropa. Kunyange zvazvo izvozvo zvingabatsira munguva pfupi, munguva refu, zvinowedzera kushushikana kumwoyo watove usina simba.

Nekuda kwechikonzero ichi, pakurapa vanhu vane chirwere chemwoyo, vanachiremba vanoshandisa mishonga inokanganisa zvakananga sisitimu yeRAAS uye inodzora mashandiro ayo. Mishonga iyi inomisa sisitimu yeRAAS kushanda zvisina kufanira. Heano mimwe mienzaniso mishoma:

• Beta-blockers
• Mishonga inodzivirira enzyme inoshandura angiotensin (ACE inhibitors)
• Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)
• Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs)

Mishonga iyi inoderedza kushushikana kusingakoshi pamoyo uye inobatsira kudzora zvirwere zvemwoyo.

Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha chatinofanira kurangarira ndechekuti

Saka, ikozvino unogona kuona kukosha uye kuomarara kwe renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) pakudzora BP yedu uye hutano hwemwoyo. Zvingaita sekunge zvakaoma, asi isystem inokosha kuti miviri yedu irambe iine hutano. Inoshanda seinjiniya mudiki mumuviri wedu.

Kana uine zvinokunetsa nezve BP yako, semuenzaniso, kana uine zviratidzo zveBP yakakwira kana BP yakaderera , kana uchinzwa kuti BP yako yakaoma kudzora, ndapota ona chiremba wako kuti akupe mazano.Vakagadzirira kukubatsira uye kupindura mibvunzo yako. Zvakakosha kuziva zvinhu zvakadaro, nekuti ipapo ndipo patinogona kuita sarudzo dzakachenjera nezvehutano hwedu. Kuziva muviri wako ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekurarama hupenyu hune hutano.

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