Dzimwe nguva tinokosora kwenguva yakareba kwemavhiki, asi hatinyatsoteerera, handiti? Tinogona kufunga kuti, "Uku kukosora chete," asi kunogona kuva chiratidzo chechimwe chinhu chakakomba. Saka, chimwe chirwere chatinofanira kunyatsoteerera iTB , kana kuti TB sezvatinoiziva tese. Saka nhasi, ngatitaurei nezvechirwere ichi nenzira iri nyore.
Chii chinonzi TB (TB)?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chirwere cherurindi chirwere chinotapukira. Chinokonzerwa nebhakitiriya rinonzi `(Mycobacterium tuberculosis)`. Chirwere ichi chinonyanya kukanganisa mapapu edu. Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva hutachiona uhwu hunogona kupararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri dziri kunze kwemapapu, semuenzaniso, uropi, musana , neitsvo.
Kare, chirwere ichi chaiuraya vanhu vakawanda pasi rose. Kunyangwe hazvo paine mishonga yepamusoro nhasi, ichiri dambudziko guru rehutano munyika dzakadai seSri Lanka. Vanhu vane zvirwere zvakaita seHIV /AIDS, kana kuti vane masoja emuviri asina simba nekuda kwezvimwe zvikonzero, vari panjodzi huru yekubatwa nechirwere cheTB. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti miviri yavo haikwanise kurwisa hutachiona uhu.
Ndezvipi zvikamu zvikuru zvechirwere cherurindi?
Kana utachiona hweTB hukapinda mumuviri, havasi vese vanorwara panguva imwe chete. Kune matanho akasiyana eizvi. Ngationei kuti ndeapi.
| Mamiriro ezvirwere | Zvinoreva zviri nyore | Zvinotapuriranwa here? |
|---|---|---|
| TB Isingaonekwe | Utachiona uhwu huripo mumuviri, asi "hahuna nguva refu" uye hahushandi nekuda kwekusashanda kwemuviri. Hapana zviratidzo. | Kwete. Panguva ino, chirwere ichi hachitapurire vamwe. |
| TB inoshanda | Utachiona huri mumuviri wako hunotanga kushanda uye hunotanga kuwanda nekukurumidza. Unorwara uye unoratidza zviratidzo. | Ehe. Panguva ino, chirwere ichi chinogona kutapuriranwa kune vamwe. |
| TB iri kunze kwemapapu | Utachiona hwapararira kupfuura mapapu kuenda kune dzimwe nhengo mumuviri (dzakadai seuropi, itsvo, mapfupa). | Kazhinji hazvitapurirani (kunze kwekunge paine chirwere chinoshanda mumapapu). |
Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti kana dziviriro yemuviri yemunhu ane TB yakavigwa ikashaya simba, inogona kuchinja kuita TB inoshanda chero nguva.
Unewo zviratidzo izvi here?
TB isina kuoneka haina zviratidzo. Inogona kuonekwa chete kuburikidza nekuongororwa kweganda kana kuongororwa ropa.
Zvisinei, zviratidzo zveTB inoshanda zvinoonekwa.
Zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa muvanhu vakuru:
- Kukosora kunotora mavhiki anopfuura matatu
- Kukosora ropa netsvina
- Kurwadziwa kwechipfuva
- Kuderedza huremu uye kurasikirwa nechido chekudya pasina chikonzero
- Kuneta nguva dzose
- Fivha yakaderera
- Kudikitira zvakanyanya, kunyanya husiku
- Kutonhora
Zviratidzo muvana vadiki nevacheche:
Zviratidzo zvevana vadiki zvinogona kunge zvakasiyana zvishoma.
- Kuderedza huremu kana kushaya kuwedzera huremu
- Fivha isingaperi
- Kudzikira kwemabasa, kunzwa kuora mwoyo nguva dzese
- Muvana vacheche, "nzvimbo yakapfava" pamusoro pemusoro inobuda.
- Kuchema nguva dzose, kuoma kudya kana kunwa mukaka
Kana iwe kana mwana wako muine chimwe chezviratidzo izvi, ndapota musazviregeredza uye onai chiremba nekukasika. Kunyanya kana paine kurwadziwa muchipfuva, zvinogona kunge zviri zvekukurumidzira uye munofanira kuenda kuchipatara cheEmergency Department (ETU) nekukasika.
Chirwere cheTB chinotapuriranwa sei? Uye hachitapuriraniswi sei?
Iri idambudziko rine vanhu vazhinji. Chirwere cheTB chinopararira nemhepo , kungofanana nedzihwa kana furuu.
Fungidzira, kana munhu ane TB inorwisa chirwere ichi achikosora, achihotsira, achitaura, kana kuseka, madonhwe madiki ane utachiona hunobva mumitsipa yekufema anopinda mumhepo. Kana munhu ane hutano akafema mweya iwoyo, anogonawo kutapukirwa nechirwere ichi.
Ndosaka tichiti zvine njodzi kupedza nguva yakawanda muimba imwe chete nemunhu ane chirwere cheTB, munzvimbo isina mhepo yakakwana.
| Nzira idzi hadzipararire! |
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Chirwere cheTB chinoonekwa sei?
Kana ukaona chiremba, anotanga abvunza nezvezviratidzo zvako, okuongorora, uye obva araira kuti zviongororwe kakawanda kuti aone kana usina chirwere cheTB.
1. Kuongororwa kweganda (Mantoux Tuberculin Skin Test): Izvi zvinosanganisira kubaya jekiseni remvura shoma pasi peganda reruoko rwako. Mushure memazuva maviri kusvika matatu, nzvimbo yacho inoongororwa kuti haina kuzvimba here. Kuongororwa uku kunogona kuratidza kuti munhu wese ane BCG nekuda kwejekiseni reBCG rinopihwa kune anenge munhu wese muSri Lanka pakuzvarwa. Saka, izvi chete hazvigone kusimbisa chirwere ichi.
2. Kuongororwa kweropa (IGRA Test): Uku kuongororwa kweropa kwakakosha kunonzi `(Interferon-Gamma Release Assays)`. Izvi hazvikanganisike nemushonga wekudzivirira we`BCG`.
3. X-ray yechipfuva: Kana bvunzo dziri pamusoro apa dziine positive, X-ray yechipfuva ndiyo bvunzo inotevera. Izvi zvinogona kutsvaga shanduko mumapapu kana paine TB inoshanda.
4. Kuongororwa kweMatapu: Iyi ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa uye yakarurama yekusimbisa TB inoshanda. Matapu mashoma anotorwa mangwanani anoongororwa nemaikorosikopu kuti aone zvakananga kuvapo kwebhakitiriya reTB.
Ndeipi mishonga yekurapa chirwere cherurindi?
Heino nhau dzakanakisisa: chirwere cherurindi chinorapika zvachose!
Kuti uite izvozvo, unofanira kutora mishonga yakawanda inorwisa mabhakitiriya pamwe chete kwenguva yakareba.
- Kune TB yakavanda:Uchafanira kutora mishonga kwemwedzi mitatu kana kupfuura kuti chirwere chisatange kushanda.
- Kune TB inoshanda: Mishonga yakasiyana-siyana inofanira kutorwa nguva dzose kwemwedzi mitanhatu . Nguva yekurapwa inogona kuwedzerwa kusvika kumwedzi 9-12 zvichienderana nemamiriro echirwere.
Zvakakosha: Kunyangwe ukanzwa zviri nani mushure memazuva mashoma, unofanira kutora mushonga wacho kusvika wapedza kunwa wakanyorerwa nachiremba wako, pasina kana zuva rimwe chete rapfuura. Zvikasadaro, kana ukarega kuunwa pakati, mabhakitiriya asara mumuviri wako anogona kukura kuita rudzi rune njodzi rweTB isingarapike nemishonga, iyo isingarapike nemishonga yakajairika. Izvi zvinogona kuita kuti kurapwa kuve kwakaoma zvikuru.
Chiremba wako anowanzoita bvunzo dzeropa kuti aone kana paine matambudziko echiropa panguva yekurapwa. Kana ukasangana nematambudziko anokonzerwa nemushonga (semuenzaniso, kuchinja kwekuona, kutsvuka kweganda, kurutsa), taurira chiremba wako nekukasika usingamire mushonga.
Ungazvidzivirira sei kubva kuchirwere cherurindi?
- Kana uine TB inoshanda: Gara kure nevamwe vanhu kwemavhiki mashoma ekutanga mushure mekutanga kurapwa. Rara muimba yako yakasiyana. Vhara muromo wako nemhino yako netishu paunokosora kana kuhotsira. Pfeka mask yekuvhiya kana ukabuda paruzhinji. Chengeta mahwindo akavhurika kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti mhepo inofema zvakanaka.
- Kana uine TB yakavharika: Inwa mushonga wawakanyorerwa nachiremba sezvawakanyorerwa. Izvi zvinodzivirira kuti usashande.
- Mushonga weBCG: Mwana wese muSri Lanka anopiwa mushonga weBCG pakuzvarwa. Izvi zvinodzivirira vana kubva kumarudzi akakomba echirwere cherurindi (semuenzaniso TB meningitis).
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Chifuva (TB) chirwere chakakomba, asi chinorapika zvachose .
- Usaregeredza zviratidzo zvakaita sekukosora kunotora mavhiki anopfuura matatu, kudzikira uremu, kana kudikitira husiku. Tsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukasika.
- Kana uri kurapwa chirwere cheTB, zvakakosha kuti utore mushonga wacho kwenguva yese yawakanyorerwa nachiremba wako . Kurega mushonga uyu pakati penguva kunogona kuva nemigumisiro ine njodzi.
- Chirwere cheTB chinopararira nemhepo. Kana muchigara mumba imwe chete nemunhu anorwara, zvakakosha kutevedzera nzira dzakakodzera dzekuchengetedza.
- Neruzivo rwakakodzera uye kurapwa kwakakodzera, iwewo unogona kudzora chirwere cheTB uye kurarama hupenyu hwakanaka.
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