Unoziva nezveKenza yeUtumbu Hudiki here? Ngatikurukurei zvakadzama!

Nhasi tichataura nezvechirwere chausingawanzo kunzwa nezvacho, asi chinogona kuva chakakosha zvikuru. Ikenza yemudumbu diki. Ungasaziva zvakawanda nezveizvi. Asi hazvina kuipa, ngatitaurei nezvazvo zviri nyore, nenzira yaunogona kunzwisisa.

Chii chinonzi Kenza yeUtumbo Hudiki?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, Kenza yeUtumbu Hudiki ikukura kwemasero ekenza muura hwako hudiki, kana kuti chatinodaidza kuti " ura hudiki ". Waizviziva here kuti ura hudiki chikamu chakakosha chegadziriro yedu yekugaya ? Iyi sisitimu inosanganisirawo dzimwe nhengo dzakawanda, dzakadai sechiropa nepancreas . Utumbu hudiki huri mudumbu redu (GI) . Kureva kuti, huri munzira kubva pamuromo, kuburikidza nepasophagus, kuenda kudumbu, wozoenda kudumbu diki, uye kubva ipapo kuenda kudumbu guru (colon). Kutaura chokwadi, dumbu nedumbu guru zvakabatana nedumbu iri diki. Kune zvikamu zvitatu zvikuru zvedumbu diki:

• Duodenum : Ichi chikamu chekutanga chiri pedyo nedumbu.
• Jejunum: Ichi chikamu chepakati cheura hudiki.
• Ileum: Ichi chikamu chekupedzisira uye chakarebesa cheura hudiki.

Kenza zhinji dzemudumbu diki dzinoitika muura hukuru kana kuti muura hwemudumbu.

Gomarara iri rakajairika zvakadii?

Kutaura zvazviri, kenza yemudumbu mudiki chirwere chisingawanzoitiki . Sekureva kwedata rekuAmerica, rudzi urwu rwekenza runoumba 3% yekenza dzese dziri mudumbu. Kenza yemudumbu , kenza yemudumbu, kenza yegurokuro, uye kenza yemudumbu zvakajairika. Saka, unogona kufungidzira kuti izvi zvakaderera zvishoma.

Ndeapi marudzi ekenza yemudumbu mudiki ?

Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzegomarara dzinoitika muura hudiki. Idzi dzinorongwa zvichienderana nerudzi rwesero rinotangira gomarara.

• Matumbu eCarcinoid: Aya anotangira mumasero ako eneuroendocrine . Masero aya anobatsira muviri wako kugadzira mahormone uye kudzora kuburitswa kwemvura yekugaya muura hudiki. Matumbu eCarcinoid anoumba inenge hafu yekenza dzese dzemudumbu hudiki.
• Adenocarcinomas: Idzi dzinotangira mumasero eglandular ari pamucheto weura hudiki. Ndidzo dzinoita chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chegomarara remudumbu hudiki.
• Sarcomas: Izvi zvinotangira mu cartilage.kana kuti nhengo dzemuviri dzakadai setsandanyama. Rudzi rwesarcoma runonyanya kukanganisa ura hudiki ibundu remudumbu (GIST) . Raimbonzi leiomyosarcoma.
• Lymphoma: Izvi zvinotanga mumasero anonzi lymphocytes . Lymphocytes rudzi rwemasero machena eropa anowanikwa mu lymphatic system yako. Lymphoma system chikamu chakakosha che immune system yedu. Inobatsira muviri kurwisa masero ane njodzi nehutachiona hunokonzera zvirwere.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvegomarara iri?

Zviratidzo zvegomarara remudumbu mudiki zvinogona kusiyana. Zvinoenderana nerudzi rwegomarara uye kwarinowanikwa. Dzimwe nguva, gomarara rinogona kuvapo asi risingakonzeri zviratidzo (zvisingaratidzike) . Semuenzaniso, gomarara remudumbu rinowanzo konzera zviratidzo. Dzimwe nguva rinowanikwa netsaona panguva yekuongororwa kwechimwe chirwere. Zviratidzo zvakajairika zvinosanganisira:

• Kurwadziwa kwemudumbu kana kurwadziwa kwemudumbu.
• Bundu riri mudumbu rinonzwa sekunge riri kubatwa muruoko.
• Kusvotwa, kurutsa, uye manyoka.
• Kudzikira kwehuremu pasina chikonzero.
• Anemia ( kushomeka kweropa).
• Jaundice ( kutsvuka kwemaziso kana ganda).
• Tsvina ine ropa (inogona kuoneka yakatsvuka kana nhema muchimbuzi).
• Kutsvuka kweganda, kunyanya maoko nemuviri wepamusoro, zvichichinja kuita tsvuku.

Ndezvipi zvinokonzera kenza yemudumbu mudiki?

Matumbu anokuvadza emuura mudiki anokura kana masero ekenza akapatsanuka nekukurumidza uye achikura pamwe chete kuita bundu. Nekufamba kwenguva, masero aya ekenza anogona kubva pabundu rekutanga ofamba nemuma lymph nodes kana ropa kuenda kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri, kwaanogona kuumba bundu idzva (bundu rechipiri). Maitiro aya anonzi metastasis . Masero ekenza anokura nekuda kwekuchinja kwemajini . Izvi zvinoreva kuti shanduko dzinoitika muDNA yesero, zvichiita kuti sero ripatsanuke zvisingadzoreki. Vaongorori vachiri kusaziva chaizvo chinokonzera shanduko idzi.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinokonzera gomarara iri?

Chinhu chinowedzera njodzi (risk factor) chinhu chinowedzera mukana wekuva nechirwere. Zvisinei, kuva nerisk factor hazvirevi kuti uchava negomarara. Saizvozvowo, kusava nerisk factors hazvirevi kuti hauzoiti gomarara. Kune zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kukanganisa gomarara remudumbu:

• Zera: Njodzi yekubatwa nekenza yemudumbu midiki inowedzera nekukura. Avhareji yezera rekuonekwa kwechirwere ichi inosvika makore makumi matanhatu nemashanu.
• Murume kana Mukadzi: Varume vane mukana wakakura wekubata gomarara iri.
• Rudzi: Zvichienderana nedata kubva kuUnited States, chirwere ichi chakajairika zvishoma pakati pevanhu vatema, nepo lymphoma ichinyanya kuwanikwa pakati pevanhu vachena.
• Zvirwere zvemajini: Kana vabereki vako, vanun'una vako, kana vana vako vaine zvimwe zvirwere, iwe unogona kunge uri panjodzi yakakura. Mienzaniso inosanganisira (Familial Adenomatous Polyposis - FAP) , (Peutz-Jeghers syndrome) , (Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer - HNPCC) , uye (Lynch syndrome) .
• Zvirwere zvekuzvimba: Zvirwere zvinokonzera kuzvimba kwenguva refu muura, zvakaita sechirwere cheCrohn nechirwere cheCeliac , zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi.
• Zvirwere zve autoimmune system kana immune system isina simba: Zvirwere zvinoderedza simba rekudzivirira muviri, zvakaita seHIV /AIDS , chirwere cheCrohn , uye chirwere cheCeliac, zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi yako. Uyewo, kurapwa kwakadai se radiation therapy kunogona kuderedza simba rekudzivirira muviri, zvichiwedzera njodzi yako yekenza yemudumbu mudiki. Mishonga inodzvinyirira simba rekudzivirira muviri mushure mekuisirwa nhengo inogonawo kuwedzera njodzi yako.

Dzimwe ongororo dzinoratidza kuti kudya (zvikafu zvine munyu wakawanda kana kusvuta nenyama tsvuku), kusvuta fodya, uye kunwa doro zvinogona kukanganisawo njodzi yekenza yemudumbu mudiki.

Kana uchifunga kuti une chimwe chezvinhu izvi zvinokonzera njodzi, zvakanaka kutaura nachiremba .

Kenza yemudumbu mudiki inoonekwa sei?

Gomarara remudumbu diki rinogona kuoma kuona nekuti hariwanzoitiki. Zvakare, zviratidzo zvinosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwegomarara. Ungangoda kuongororwa zvakanyanya uye kurapwa usati wawana chirwere.

Kuongororwa kwemuviri uye nhoroondo yezvekurapa

Chiremba achakuongorora, oongorora hutano hwako, oongorora zviratidzo zvekurwara, uye obvunza nezvezvirwere zvawaimborwara nazvo, marapirwo awakamboita, uye tsika dzako dzehutano.

Kuongororwa kweropa

• Zvidzidzo zvemakemikari eropa: Izvi zvinoyera huwandu hwezvinhu zvinoburitswa muropa kubva munhengo nematishu. Kana paine huwandu husina kujairika (hwakakwira kana hwakaderera) hwechinhu, zvinogona kuratidza chirwere chiri munhengo kana tishu inoburitsa chinhu ichocho. Semuenzaniso, bvunzo yekushanda kwechiropa inogona kuitwa kuti ione kana kenza yapararira kuchiropa.
• Kuverengwa kweropa kwakazara (CBC): Kuongororwa uku kunopa chiremba wako ruzivo nezvemasero ari muropa rako. Matumbu madiki emudumbu anogona kukonzera kubuda ropa, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kudzikira kwehuwandu hwemasero matsvuku eropa, zvichikonzera anemia.

Kufungidzira mifananidzo

• Endoscopy: Izvi zvinosanganisira kutarisa mukati medumbu uchishandisa chinhu chitete, chakaita sechubhu (endoscope). Chubhu iyi ine chiedza nekamera pairi.Panguva yekuongorora endoscopy yepamusoro, chiremba anoisa endoscope nemuromo oongorora gurokuro, dumbu, uye chikamu chekutanga cheura hudiki (duodenum). Endoscope yakakosha inonzi double-balloon enteroscopy inogona kutarisa zvakadzika muura hudiki. Panguva yekuongorora endoscopy, chiremba anogona kutora sampuli dzenyama ( biopsies ) odzitumira kunoongororwa. Dzinozoongororwa nemaikorosikopu kuti dzione kana paine zviratidzo zvechirwere.
• Kapusule endoscopy (kamera yemapiritsi): Izvi zvinosanganisira kumedza kapusule ine kamera diki. Kapusule iyi painopfuura nemumuviri, inotora mifananidzo yenzira yekugaya chikafu. Mifananidzo iyi inogona kutorwa pakombuta uye kutariswa nachiremba. Kunyange zvazvo zita racho ringave richivhiringidza zvishoma, nzira iyi haishandise endoscope.
• CT scan (CT scan - CAT scan): Iyi inzira inotora mifananidzo yakatevedzana yemukati memuviri kubva kumativi akasiyana. Mifananidzo iyi inoratidzwa pakombiyuta yakabatana nemuchina weX-ray. Dzimwe nguva dhayi inogona kuiswa mutsinga kana kunwiwa. Izvi zvinoita kuti nhengo kana nyama zvionekwe zvakajeka.
• MRI (magnetic resonance imaging): Izvi zvinoshandisa magineti, mafungu eredhiyo, nekombiyuta kugadzira mifananidzo yakatevedzana yemukati memuviri. Kunyangwe MRI neCT scan zvichipa ruzivo rwakafanana nezvekuti bundu riri kukanganisa sei nyama dzakapfava, CT scan inonyanya kushandiswa kuona kenza yemudumbu mudiki.
• X-ray yedumbu: X-ray yenhengo dziri mudumbu. X-ray igwara resimba rinobuda mumuviri roonekwa pafirimu, richigadzira mufananidzo wemukati memuviri.
• Barium X-ray: Izvi zvinosanganisira kuputira GI tract yako nechinhu chakaita sechoko chinonzi barium. Barium inoita kuti GI tract ionekwe paX-ray. Mu upper GI series , mifananidzo yeX-ray inotorwa sezvo barium ichipfuura nemuGI tract (esophagus, stomach, small intestine). Mu lower GI series (barium enema) , mvura inonzi barium inopinzwa mu rectum. Mifananidzo yeX-ray inotorwa sezvo barium inoputira GI tract yepazasi.

Kuvhiya

Kana mimwe miedzo isingape ruzivo rwakakwana kuti chiremba aone kana chirwere chacho chakaitika, chiremba wako anogona kusarudza kuvhiya. Maitiro aya anobvumira chiremba wako kuongorora nhengo dzako zvakananga. Kana paine nyama inofungirwa, biopsy inotorwa kuti ione kana paine zviratidzo zvegomarara. Kuvhiya kunogona kuitwa ku:

• Laparoscopy: Mukuita uku, chubhu yakatetepa, yakaita seteresikopu (laparoscope) inopinzwa kuburikidza nekucheka kudiki kamwe chete kana kupfuura mudumbu. Laparoscope inobvumira chiremba kuona nhengo dzemudumbu kuti aone zviratidzo zvegomarara.
• Kuvhiyiwa kweLaparotomy:Mukuita izvi, chiremba anocheka madziro edumbu uye anoongorora nhengo dzedumbu kuti aone kana paine zviratidzo zvegomarara.

Matanho ekenza yemudumbu mudiki ndeapi?

Danho regomarara rinokuudza kuti gomarara rakakura sei, riri kupi, uye kana rapararira (rakapararira). Miedzo nemaitiro ekuongorora danho regomarara ...

Ndezvipi zvinorapwa izvi?

Kurapwa kwaunowana kunoenderana nerudzi rwegomarara raunaro, danho raro, nzvimbo yegomarara, uye hunhu hwemasero ari mukati megomarara. Zvaunofarira zvinopesvedzerawo sarudzo dzekurapa.

Kuvhiya

Kuvhiyiwa ndiyo nzira inonyanya kushandiswa yekurapa kenza yemudumbu mudiki. Kuvhiyiwa kunogona kusanganisira:

• Kuvhiyiwa: Kuvhiyiwa kubvisa nhengo yese kana chikamu chegomarara riripo. Kana gomarara rapararira, chiremba anogona kubvisa zvikamu zvegomarara diki nenhengo dziri pedyo. Zvadaro, anastomosis (kubatanidzazve magumo egomarara akachekwa) inogona kuitwa. Maronda emudumbu ari pedyo negomarara diki anogonawo kubviswa uye kuongororwa kuti vaone kana gomarara rapararira.
• Kupfuura nepakati: Kana paine bundu riri kuvharira ura asi risingakwanise kubviswa, kuvhiyiwa kunobvumira chikafu chiri muura hudiki kuti chisapfuure bundu.

Kurapwa nemakemikari

Chemotherapy kushandiswa kwemishonga inomisa kukura kwemasero ekenza. Inouraya masero kana kuti inoamisa kupatsanuka. Zvichienderana nekurapwa kwechemotherapy, mishonga iyi inogona kunanga masero ekenza ari muchikamu chakati chemuviri (regional chemotherapy) kana kuuraya masero ekenza mumuviri wese (systemic chemotherapy). Chiremba wako anogona kukupa chemotherapy yekuuraya chero masero ekenza angasara mushure mekuvhiyiwa (adjuvant therapy) . Kana kenza yako yapararira (metastasized), unogona kupihwa systemic chemotherapy.

Kurapa nemwaranzi

Kurapa nemwaranzi kunoshandiswa kwemaX-ray ane simba guru kana mamwe marudzi emwaranzi kuuraya masero ekenza kana kuamisa kukura. Chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira kurapwa nemwaranzi kana kenza yako isingabviswe nekuvhiyiwa. Kurapa nemwaranzi kunogonawo kupiwa sechikamu chekurapa kwekuderedza zviratidzo. Dzimwe nguva, kurapwa nemwaranzi kunopiwa pamwe chete nechemotherapy (chemoradiation therapy) kuuraya masero ekenza asara mushure mekuvhiyiwa.

Mafananidzo eSomatostatin

Chiremba anorapa tumapundu twemudumbu tudiki tunonzi carcinoid tunouraya utachiona achishandisa somatostatin analogues.Mishonga iyi inodzivisa muviri wako kugadzira mahormone akawandisa. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kuderedza zviratidzo uye kudzora chirwere. Mienzaniso yemishonga iyi inosanganisira lanreotide neoctreotide.

Kutsvagurudza kwakawanda kunodiwa pamusoro pemabhenefiti ekubatanidza kurapwa nemwaranzi uye chemotherapy mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwegomarara diki remudumbu.

Kurapa kwakanangana

Mishonga yakanangana inoshanda nekuona kusasimba kwemasero ekenza uye kushandisa kusasimba ikoko kuaparadza. Vaongorori vari kudzidza mishonga yakanangana nayo inogona kubatsira kurapa adenocarcinomas, GISTs, uye lymphomas.

Kurapa nekudzivirira muviri

Kurapa nekudzivirira muviri kunoshanda nekusimbisa immune system yako uye kuwedzera kugona kwayo kurwisa masero ekenza. Masoja ako ekudzivirira muviri anorwisa masero asina kujairika uye zvipembenene zvine njodzi zvakaita sehutachiona. Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva masero ekenza anogona kupfuura dziviriro yemasoja ekudzivirira muviri. Kurapa nekudzivirira muviri kunoita kuti zvive nyore kuti masoja ekudzivirira muviri aone uye aparadze masero ekenza. Zvichienderana nerudzi rwekuchinja kwemajini mubundu rako, chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira kurapwa nekudzivirira muviri.

Miedzo yekiriniki

Miedzo yekiriniki iongororo yekuona kana mishonga mitsva yegomarara yakachengeteka, inoshanda, kana kuti iri nani pane mishonga yakajairwa. Parizvino, adjuvant chemotherapy, mishonga yakanangana, uye immunotherapy zviri kudzidzwa mumiedzo yekiriniki. Bvunza chiremba wako kana uri munhu akakodzera kuyedzwa kwekiriniki.

Ko chirwere chegomarara remudumbu diki chinorapwa zvakadii?

Mwero wekupona unosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwekenza yemudumbu mudiki, danho rayo, uye kuti kenza yemudumbu yakatangira kupi. Semuenzaniso, 65% yevanhu vanoonekwa vaine adenocarcinomas dzepakutanga vanorarama mushure memakore mashanu. Mwero uyu wakaderera zvikuru, pa4%, yekenza dzekupedzisira. Mwero wekupona kwemakore mashanu ekenza dzekutanga i95%, nepo kune kenza dzekupedzisira i42%.

Bvunza chiremba wako kuti zviratidzo zvegomarara rako zvinokanganisa sei fungidziro yako yechirwere.

Mibvunzo ipi yandinofanira kubvunza chiremba wangu?

Panguva yakaita seiyi, ungave nemibvunzo yakawanda mupfungwa dzako. Usatya. Taura pachena nachiremba wako. Heano mimwe mibvunzo inokosha yaunogona kubvunza:

• Rudzii rwebundu randinaro?
• Kenza yangu iri padanho ripi?
• Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinokanganisa mikana yangu yekupora?
• Munokurudzira kurapwa kupi?
• Ndezvipi njodzi uye mabhenefiti ekurapa uku?
• Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuti ndipore kubva muchirongwa changu chekurapa?
• Ndezvipi zvandingatarisira zvichibva pagomarara rangu, hutano hwangu, uye maitiro angu ekurapwa?

Nekuti kenza yemudumbu mudiki haiwanzoitiki, zvinogona kuoma kunzwisisa mhedzisiro uye sarudzo dzekurapa. Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokanganisa hurongwa hwako hwekutarisira uye mukana wekubudirira kwekurapwa. Gadzirira kutaura nachiremba wako nezvekuti rudzi rwebundu raunaro runokanganisa sei sarudzo dzako dzekurapa. Zvichienderana nekenza yako, chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira musanganiswa wekuvhiyiwa uye chemotherapy kubvisa bundu rako uye kudzivirira kuti risapararire.

Pakupedzisira, zvinhu zvekurangarira (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

Kenza yeUra Hudiki chirwere chisingawanzonzwikwi zvakanyanya, asi chinofanira kutariswa.

• Izvi hazviwanzoitiki , asi zvakakosha kutsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukasika kana zviratidzo zvikaonekwa.
• Ziva zviratidzo zvakaita sekurwadziwa mudumbu, kudzikira kwehuremu kusingatsananguriki, uye tsvina ine ropa.
• Kana uine zvinhu zvinokuvadza , taura nachiremba wobva waongororwa zvinodiwa.
• Kune nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuyedza chirwere . Usazvidya moyo, vanachiremba vachakubatsira.
• Kune nzira dzakasiyana siyana dzekurapa , zvichienderana nemamiriro ako ezvinhu.
• Kana zvikaonekwa nekukurumidza, mikana yekupora yakakura.

Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti kana uine kusava nechokwadi kana kutya pamusoro peizvi, usazvidya mwoyo uri wega, asi taura nachiremba akavimbika . Vachakupa gwara nerutsigiro rwaunoda. Ramba uine hutano hwakanaka!

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Kenza yeUra Hudiki, Kenza, Sisitimu Yekugaya, Zviratidzo, Kurapwa kweKenza, Ura, Kenza yeUra Hudiki