Ungave wakaona kana kunzwa kuti mumwe munhu anopiwa chikafu chemvura kuburikidza nechubhu kana asingakwanise kudya nemuromo. Izvi zvinganzwika sekutyisa uye kusinganzwisisike. Asi chaizvoizvo inzira yakakosha yekurapa inogona kuponesa hupenyu uye kubatsira kuchengetedza muviri wakasimba. Saka nhasi, ngatitaurei nezvekudyisa kuburikidza nechubhu, kana mumashoko ekurapa, kudya kwemukati, nenzira iri nyore uye ine hushamwari.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi kudyisa vana nechubhu?
Zviri nyore kwazvo. Inzira inoshandiswa kupa chikafu chinovaka muviri uye mvura kune munhu asingakwanise kutsenga nekumedza chikafu zvakanaka. Inosanganisira kupa chikafu chinovaka muviri mumvura zvakananga mudumbu kana muura hudiki kuburikidza nechubhu yepurasitiki yakapfava uye inochinjika.
Funga nezvenzira yedu yekugaya chikafu (nzira yekugaya chikafu) senzira imwe chete refu. Inotangira pamuromo, yodzika nepahuro ichienda mudumbu, uye kubva ipapo ichienda muura hudiki. Kana nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero nzira iyi yakavharika, chubhu iyi yakaita senzira pfupi inopfuura nekuvharika. Kuburikidza nayo, kudya kunogona kutumirwa zvakananga kwainodiwa. Dzimwe nguva vanachiremba vanoshandisa chubhu iyi kupa mushonga.
Sei munhu angade kudyiswa nechubhu yakaita seiyi?
Kana usiri kuwana chikafu chakakwana kubva mukudya nemuromo, chiremba wako anogona kukukurudzira nzira iyi. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha kana uchinetseka nekutsenga nekumedza chikafu, kana chirwere chinonzi dysphagia .
Nzira iyi inopa rutsigiro rukuru pakuchengetedza hutano hwemetabolism yemuviri wako uye sisitimu yese yekugaya chikafu.
Heano mamwe emamiriro ezvinhu apo izvi zvingadikanwa:
- Kukuvara mumusoro kana mumutsipa: Kuomerwa nekumedza nekuda kwekenza kana tsaona yakakomba.
- Matambudziko ekugaya chikafu: Matambudziko akadai sekuoma kwegurokuro, kusashanda zvakanaka kwetsandanyama netsinga dzemudumbu.
- Kusapinza zvinovaka muviri zvakanaka: Zvirwere zvakaita sechirwere cheCrohn chakakomba zvinogona kudzivirira muviri kuti usapinza zvinovaka muviri mumuviri.
- Zvirwere zvetsinga : Kutadza kumedza nekuda kwezvirwere zvakaita sestroke kana kuoma mitezo .
- Kushaya kuziva (Coma):Nzira iyi inokosha kuti muviri ugare wakasimba kana murwere asina chaanoziva.
- Kuvhiyiwa kukuru kana kurwara: Mushure mekuvhiyiwa kukuru kana kurwara kwakakomba, zvinogona kuoma kumedza kwenguva yakati.
Dzimwe nguva, vanachiremba vanokurudzirawo izvi senzira yekuita kuti varwere vanzwe vakasununguka pakupera kwehupenyu hwavo ( hospice care ). Izvi zvinowanzova sarudzo yemunhu oga inotorwa nekutaurirana nemurwere nemhuri.
Mhando dzipi dzetsanga idzi?
Kune mhando mbiri huru dzetsanga: idzo dzinoshandiswa kwenguva pfupi nedzinoshandiswa kwenguva refu.
Kushandiswa kwenguva pfupi (pasi pemavhiki 4-6)
Aya machubhu anowanzoiswa nemumhino. Anogona kuiswa kunyangwe wakarara pamubhedha muchipatara.
| Rudzi rweChubhu | Tsananguro |
|---|---|
| Chubhu yeNasogastric (NG) | Kutanga kubva pamhino, chubhu inoenda kudumbu. |
| Chubhu yeNasoduodenal (ND chubhu) | Kutanga kubva pamhino, chubhu inoenda kuchikamu chekutanga cheura hudiki (duodenum). |
| Chubhu yeNasojejunal (NJ) | Kutanga kubva pamhino, chubhu inoenda kuchikamu chechipiri cheura hudiki (jejunum). |
Kushandiswa kwenguva refu (kwemavhiki anopfuura matanhatu)
Aya machubhu anowanzo batanidzwa zvakananga nedumbu kana ura hudiki kuburikidza neganda redumbu, kazhinji kuburikidza nekuvhiyiwa kudiki.
| Rudzi rweChubhu | Tsananguro |
|---|---|
| Chubhu yeGastrostomy (chubhu yeG) | Chubhu iyi yakabatana zvakananga nedumbu kuburikidza nedumbu. |
| Chubhu yeJejunostomy (chubhu yeJ) | Chubhu iyi yakabatana zvakananga nedumbu kusvika kuchikamu chechipiri cheura hudiki (jejunum). |
| Chubhu yemudumbu (chubhu yeGJ) | Muizvi, chubhu inopinda nemudumbu kusvika kuchikamu chechipiri cheura hudiki. Ine migero miviri. Imwe inoshandiswa kubvisa mvura mudumbu, uye imwe inoshandiswa kupa chikafu. |
Unoita sei kuti pombi iyi iiswe?
Maitiro ekuita izvi anosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwechubhu yaunoda. Chubhu yemhino inogona kuitwa pamubhedha wechipatara. Zvisinei, chubhu yemukati medumbu inoda kuvhiyiwa kudiki. Uchapihwa anesthesia panguva yekuvhiyiwa, saka hauzonzwi kurwadziwa.
- Kuburikidza nemhuno: Chiremba achanyatsoisa mafuta muchubhu obva aapinza nemhuno, achidzika nepagurokuro, uye achinopinda mudumbu. Dzimwe nguva, ungangokumbirwa kunwa mvura nechubhu kuti izvi zvive nyore.
- Endoscopically: Muizvi, chubhu yakatetepa, inochinjika (endoscope) ine kamera diki yakabatanidzwa inopinzwa nemuromo, yotarisa mukati medumbu, uye yoratidza nzvimbo chaiyo mudumbu panofanira kupinzwa chubhu. Zvadaro, kucheka kudiki kunogadzirwa uye chubhu inopinzwa. Nzira iyi inonzi PEG (Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy) .
- Nekuongorora X-ray: Izvi zvinoitwa uchishandisa mifananidzo yeX-ray kuti uwane nzvimbo chaiyo inofanira kuiswa chubhu.
- Kuvhiyiwa: Dzimwe nguva chubhu iyi inopinzwa kuburikidza nekuvhiyiwa kwakavhurika kana kuvhiyiwa kwekiyi (laparoscopy).
Chii chaunofanira kungwarira paunenge uchishandisa uye uchitarisira chubhu?
Kana uchishandisa chubhu iyi kumba, zvakakosha kuti uitarisire zvakanaka. Zvikasadaro, chubhu inogona kuvharika yokonzera hutachiona.
Heino maitiro ekuchengetedza chubhu yako nenzvimbo inopinzwa chubhu zvakachena:
- Geza zuva nezuva: Geza ganda zvinyoro nyoro rakatenderedza nzvimbo yakapinzwa nesipo nemvura kanenge kamwe chete pazuva. Udza chiremba wako kana paine kubuda kwemvura.
- Omesa zvakanaka: Mushure mekusuka, omesa nzvimbo yacho zvakanaka nejira rakachena woichengeta yakaoma. Mabhakitiriya anokura munzvimbo dzine hunyoro.
- Chenjerera zviratidzo zvehutachiona: Kana nzvimbo yakapinzwa chubhu ikava tsvuku, yakazvimba, ichidziya, inorwadza, kana kuti ichibuda urwa, inogona kunge iri hutachiona. Udza chiremba wako nekukasika.
Heino nzira yekutarisira pombi yako zvakanaka:
- Sukurudza mvura nguva dzose: Usati wadya uye wapedza kudya, uye usati wapa mushonga uye wapedza, sukurudza chubhu nemvura yakachena uchishandisa sirinji. Izvi zvinodzivirira chikafu kuti chisanamatira mukati mechubhu.
- Chinja chubhu panguva yakakodzera: Machubhu ese anofanira kuchinjwa mushure menguva yakati. Mamwe anoda kuchinjwa gore rega rega, mamwe mwedzi mitatu kusvika mitanhatu yega yega. Chiremba wako achakuzivisa nezveizvi.
- Kana chubhu ikabuda: Izvi zvakakosha zvikuru. Kana iri chubhu itsva inopinzwa nepadumbu, zvinotora mavhiki angangoita matanhatu kusvika masere kuti ipinde mumuviri. Kana chubhu ikabuda netsaona panguva iyi, idambudziko rehutano. Enda kuchipatara chiri pedyo nekukasika.
Yambiro: Usamboisa chero chinhu chakaita sezvinwiwa zvine carbonated pasi pechubhu. Kana chubhu ikavharika, usaedza kuibvisa nechinhu chakaita sewaya. Edza kuisuka nemvura inodziya. Kana kuvharika kukaramba kuripo, fonera chiremba wako.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Kudyisa mwana nechubhu inzira yakachengeteka uye inokosha yekurapa inoshandiswa kuchengetedza muviri wakasimba kune munhu asingakwanise kudya nemuromo.
- Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzemachubhu ekudyisa dzinoenderana nenguva pfupi nedzenguva refu. Chiremba wako ndiye achasarudza kuti ndeipi mhando yakakunakira.
- Kuchengetedza chubhu nenzvimbo inopinzwa tsvina kwakachena kwakakosha kudzivirira hutachiona.
- Kana chubhu ikabuda, kunyanya mumavhiki ekutanga, inenge iri emergency. Enda kuchipatara kuEmergency Department (ETU) nekukasika.
- Kana muine mibvunzo nezvenyaya iyi, musazeza kutaura nachiremba wenyu.
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