Kukura chinhu chatinofanira kutarisana nacho tese. Sezvatinokura, zvakajairika kuti zvinhu zvaimbove nyore kuita zviwedzere kuoma. Pamwe amai vako, baba, ambuya, kana sekuru vako vanoomerwa nekumuka pamubhedha, kupfeka, kana kutodya chikafu vega. Izvi zvinogona kukonzerwa kwete nezera chete, asiwo nekurwara, tsaona, kana kuremara. Saka, tingaziva sei kuti munhu akadai anoda rubatsiro rwakakura sei? Muchinyorwa chino, tichataura nezvenzira inoshandiswa navanachiremba kuyera chirwere ichi.
Chii chinonzi ADL neIADL?
Pakutanga aya angaita semashoko akaomarara, asi ari nyore chaizvo. ADL inomiririra '
Mabasa ehupenyu hwezuva nezuva'. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, maADL ndiwo zvinhu zvakakosha zvatinofanira kuita kuti tirarame takazvimiririra zuva nezuva. Kutaura chokwadi, aya ndiwo hunyanzvi hwakakosha hwatinofanira kuita kuti titarisire miviri yedu uye tizvitarisire. MaIADL anomiririra
'Mabasa eZviridzwa ehupenyu hwezuva nezuva' . Aya akaomarara zvishoma kupfuura maADL. Aya mabasa epamusoro anodiwa kuti tirarame takazvimiririra munharaunda. Kuti tinzwisise musiyano uripo pakati pezviviri izvi, ngatitarisei tafura iyi.
| Mabasa Ekutanga Ezuva Nezuva (MaADL Ekutanga) | Mabasa Ekubatsira Zuva Nezuva (IADLs) |
|---|
| Izvi ndizvo zvinhu zvakakosha zvine chekuita nekutarisira muviri wako. | Aya mabasa akaomarara anodiwa kuti munhu ararame ari ega. |
- Kufamba nekufamba: kufamba, kugara, kumira, kuenda kunorara uye kubuda pamubhedha.
- Hutsanana hwemunhu: kukwesha mazino , kugeza, kuveura ndebvu , kukama bvudzi, kucheka nzara .
- Kugeza: Kugona kuenda kuchimbuzi uri wega wozvichenesa.
- Kupfeka: Kupfeka wega nemabhatani nemazipi.
- Kudya: Kudya uri wega uchishandisa zvimedu zvesimbi.
| - Kutarisira mari: kubhadhara mabhiri, kubhengi, mari yekuronga .
- Kutarisira hutano: kushanyira chiremba, kutora mishonga sezvakarairwa.
- Kutenga: Kutenga zvinhu zvinodiwa zvakaita sechikafu, zvinwiwa, uye mbatya.
- Kugadzirira chikafu: Kubika chikafu chaunoda.
- Kutakura: Kutyaira mota, kukwira bhazi, kana kushandisa tekisi.
- Kutaurirana: Kushandisa foni, email, nezvimwewo.
- Mabasa epamba: kuchenesa imba, kuwacha mbatya, kuchenesa bindu.
|
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, kana munhu achigona kuita ADLs, zvinoreva kuti anogona kutarisira muviri wake. Kana achigonawo kuita IADLs, zvinoreva kuti anogona kurarama ari ega uye ari ega.
Vanachiremba vanoyera sei kugona uku?
Kuti vaone kuti munhu ane rusununguko rwakadii uye kuti anoda rubatsiro rwakadii, vanachiremba vanoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuongorora. Idzi dzinoyera kuti munhu anogona sei kuita ADL neIADL zvataurwa pamusoro apa ega achishandisa nzira yekuongorora. Izvi zvinogona kushandiswa kuongorora kana murwere achigona kurarama ari ega pasina kukuvara. Nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzinoshandiswa pasi rese pakuita izvi. Dzimwe dzadzo ndedzinotevera:
- Katz Index: Iyi iongororo iri nyore inoshandiswa kuyera kugona kweADL muvanhu vakuru.
- Chikero cheLawton-Brody: Ichi chinonyanya kuyera IADL, kureva kuti, kugona kuita mabasa akaomarara.
- Barthel Index: Iyi inoshandiswa kuyera kuzvimiririra kwevarwere , kunyanya avo vakambosangana nematambudziko akadai sestroke .
- Chikero cheCleveland: Ichi chinoshandiswa kuongorora huwandu hwekuzvimiririra kwevanhu vane dementia kana chirwere cheAlzheimer .
Zvichibva pamapoinzi akawanikwa kubva muongororo idzi, mufananidzo wakajeka wekuti munhu wacho anoda rubatsiro rwakadini.
Ndezvipi zvakanakira kuziva ADL level?
Kuongorora mazinga eADL neIADL emunhu nenzira iyi kune mabhenefiti akati wandei: 1.
Kugadzira hurongwa hwekutarisira hwakarurama:Kana danho iri razivikanwa, vanachiremba, vanachiremba vemuviri, uye nhengo dzemhuri vanogona kuronga rubatsiro chairwo rwaanoda munhu wacho. Semuenzaniso, kune munhu ane dambudziko rekufamba, vanogona kukurudzira maekisesaizi ekuderedza kudonha. 2.
Kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzeka: Kuongorora uku kunobatsira kuona kana munhu achigona kurarama akachengeteka ari ega kana kuti achida rubatsiro rwenguva dzose. 3.
Kuziva rubatsiro runodiwa: Dzimwe nguva rubatsiro chete runodiwa rungave rwekubika chikafu, kutora mishonga nguva nenguva, kana kubata mari. Kana zvakadaro, muchengeti wenguva pfupi anogona kushandiswa kubatsira nemabasa iwayo chete. 4.
Kuonekwa kwezvirwere nekukurumidza: Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti dzimwe nguva kuoma zvishoma nezvishoma mukuita ADL idzi kunogona kuva chiratidzo chekutanga chechirwere chakadai
sedementia . Nokudaro, kugara uchitarisa huwandu hweADL hwevanhu vakwegura uye vari panjodzi kunogona kubatsira kuona zvirwere zvakadaro nekukurumidza uye kutanga kurapwa.
Unoitei kana mumwe munhu asingakwanise kuita basa ari ega?
Kana ukaona kuti mumwe munhu mumhuri mako ari kunetseka kuita mabasa ake ezuva nezuva nenzira iyi, pane zvinhu zvishoma zvaunogona kuita.
- Tsvaga mazano echiremba: Chinhu chekutanga uye chinonyanya kukosha chekuita ndechekubvunza chiremba wemhuri yako kana chiremba ari pedyo newe. Chiremba achaita ongororo dzinodiwa uye achakutsanangurira matanho ekutevera.
- Ita kuti nharaunda yako yepamba ive yakachengeteka: Sezvakataurwa nachiremba wako, chinja nharaunda yako yepamba kuti mabasa ezuva nezuva ave nyore uye akachengeteka. Semuenzaniso, unogona kuisa mabara ekubatirira muimba yekugezera, kuisa mameti asingatsvedzeri, uye kuisa zvinhu zvinodiwa pedyo nemubhedha.
- Kuwana rubatsiro kubva kumuchengeti wevarwere: Zvichienderana nehuwandu hwerubatsiro rwunodiwa, unogona kuwana rubatsiro kubva kumuchengeti wevarwere anoshanda kwenguva pfupi kana nguva yakazara.
- Kufunga nezvenzvimbo yekuchengetera varwere: Kana nzvimbo yekumba yakaoma kana kuti ichida kutarisirwa nguva dzose, ungangoda kufunga nezvekutamira kunzvimbo yekuchengetera varwere inovimbisa kugara kwakachengeteka.
- Tsvaga rubatsiro rwenyanzvi: Tsvaga rubatsiro rwenyanzvi kuti ugadzire hurongwa hwekutarisira huchabatsira kuchengetedza hupenyu hwakanaka uye kutarisa mamiriro acho ezvinhu.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Kana ukaona kuti mumwe munhu mumhuri mako, akadai semubereki kana mumwe munhu mukuru, ari kunetseka nekuita mabasa ezuva nezuva ega, usazviregeredza semazuva ese.
- Chinhu chakanakisa chekuita nekukasika ndechekuona chiremba uye kutsvaga mazano.Ndiyo danho rekutanga uye rinokosha kupfuura mamwe ose.
- Nekuongorora mazinga eADL nemazvo, tinogona kuona rubatsiro rwunodiwa nemunhu uye kuvandudza hupenyu hwake nekuzvimirira.
- Kuongororwa kweADL uku kunobatsirawo zvikuru pakuona zvirwere zvitsva, kunyanya zvirwere zvakaita sedementia.
- Nerubatsiro rwakakodzera uye kutarisirwa, tinogona kubatsira chero munhu kurarama nerukudzo nemufaro.
Mabasa ehupenyu hwezuva nezuva, ADL, IADL, kutarisirwa kwevakwegura, kuzvimiririra,
kukwegura , dementia
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