Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha ukhe ube neentlungu ezingapheliyo emqolo okanye entanyeni, ezihamba nokungaziva okanye ukurhawuzelela kwamalungu omzimba wakho? Ngamaxesha anjalo, unokuzibuza ngokwemvelo, “Kwenzeka ntoni kum?” Ezi mpawu zihlala zibangelwa yimeko esithetha ngayo namhlanje: ‘i-herniated disc’ (i-Herniated Disk), ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-’slipped disc’ (i-Slipped Disk). Makhe sijonge ukuba yintoni le meko, kutheni isenzeka, indlela yokuyithintela, kwaye kufuneka ufune iingcebiso zonyango nini.
Yintoni i-Herniated Disc?
Ngamafutshane, umqolo wakho wenziwe ngothotho lwamathambo amancinci, abekwe phezu kwelinye, esiwabiza ngokuba yi-vertebrae `(vertebrae)`. Phakathi kwala mathambo, kukho umqamelo othambileyo, ofana nerabha osebenza njenge-shock absorber yendalo. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-disc `(disk)`. Njenge-shock absorbers yesithuthi zinciphisa iimpembelelo ezibuhlungu, ezi discs zikhusela umqolo wakho xa ugoba, uphakamisa, uhamba, okanye ubaleka, zikhusela yonke ikholomu yakho yomqolo.
Cinga ngediski yakho yomqolo njengedonathi encinci egcwele ijeli. Inesangqa sangaphandle esiqinileyo, esinemicu esikhusela iziko elithambileyo, elifana nejeli. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ngenxa yokuguguleka kwendalo, ukuma okungahambi kakuhle, okanye ukwenzakala ngequbuliso, eli qokobhe langaphandle eliqinileyo linokuba buthathaka okanye likrazuke. Xa oku kusenzeka, ijeli ethambileyo ngaphakathi iyaphuma. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yidiski ye-herniated `(Herniated Disk)`, idiski eqhumayo `(Bulging Disk)`, okanye idiski eqhumayo `(Ruptured Disk)`.
Xa le jeli yangaphakathi ivuza, inokucinezela intambo yomqolo ekufutshane `(intambo yomqolo)` okanye imithambo yomqolo `(imithambo yomqolo)` ephuma kuyo. Olu xinzelelo lwemithambo-luvo yilo lubangela intlungu, ukungaziva, ukurhawuzelelwa, okanye ubuthathaka kwiingalo okanye emilenzeni yakho.
Nangona i-herniation inokwenzeka naphi na emqolweni wakho, ixhaphake kakhulu kumqolo ongezantsi (owaziwa ngokuba yi-`(lumbar spine)`) kunye nentamo (`(cervical spine)`). Ayixhaphakanga kakhulu kumqolo ongaphezulu nophakathi `(thoracic spine)`.
Kukho iindaba ezimnandi: uninzi lwabantu luyaphola kwi-disc ene-herniated ngonyango olungenalo utyando. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iimpawu zakho ziyaqhubeka kangangeeveki ezimbalwa, kubalulekile ukubonisana neengcali zempilo.
Ziziphi Iimpawu Eziqhelekileyo?
Iimpawu zediski ehluthwe yi-herniated zahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni ikwindawo ephi na idiski kwaye nokuba icinezela umthambo.
Ukuba i-Herniated Disc ikwiLower Back yakho (Lumbar Spine)
Idiski ye-herniated kumqolo ongezantsi idla ngokubangela i-sciatica `(sciatica)` . Le yintlungu ebukhali, eqala ezinqeni zakho ize ihambe ngomlenze omnye, ngamanye amaxesha ifikelele ezinyaweni zakho. Ingavakala ngathi kukubetheka ngombane okanye ukuhlatywa okubukhali okufana nenaliti. Ezinye iimpawu ziquka:
- Intlungu esezantsi komqolo.
- Ukuba ndindisholo, ukurhawuzelela, okanye ukuphelelwa yimvakalelo emilenzeni okanye ezinyaweni zakho.
- Ubuthathaka bemisipha kumlenze ochaphazelekayo.
Ukuba i-Herniated Disc ikwiNtla yakho (uMgogodla woMbeleko)
Xa idiski ikhula entanyeni yakho, unokufumana ezi mpawu zilandelayo:
- Intlungu yentamo, ingakumbi emqolo nasemacaleni entamo.
- Ukuba ndindisholo, ukurhawuzelela, okanye ukulahlekelwa yimvakalelo ezingalweni okanye ezandleni zakho.
- Intlungu kufutshane okanye phakathi kwamagqabi ehlombe lakho.
- Intlungu ephuma emagxeni akho, engalweni, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ingena kwiminwe yakho.
- Ukwanda kwentlungu xa ujika okanye ugoba intamo yakho.
Yintoni ebangela ukuba iDisc ibe yiHerniate?
Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, iidiski zakho zomqolo zineqokobhe langaphandle eliqinileyo kunye nesikhungo esithambileyo esifana nejeli. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, okanye ngenxa yoxinzelelo olukhawulezileyo, eli qokobhe langaphandle linokuba buthathaka okanye likrazuke, livumele isiziko esithambileyo ukuba siphume kwaye sicinezele imithambo-luvo yakho. Zininzi izinto ezinegalelo kule meko:
- Ukwaluphala Ngokwendalo:Njengoko sikhula, iidiski zethu zomqolo ziyawa kancinci kancinci amanzi, nto leyo eyenza zome, zingaguquguquki, kwaye zibe lula ukukrazuka.
- Iingozi okanye Ukonzakala Okukhawulezileyo: Ukuwa, ukubethwa ngequbuliso, okanye ukuphakamisa into enzima ngendlela engaqhelekanga kunokubangela uxinzelelo olukhulu emqolo wakho ngoko nangoko, nto leyo ebangela ukuba idiski iqhekeke.
- Ukuma okungekuhle kunye nokuxinezeleka okuphindaphindiweyo: Ukugoba rhoqo, ukujija, okanye ukugoba ixesha elide kunokubeka uxinzelelo olungalinganiyo kumqolo wakho, kwenze iidiski zakho zibe buthathaka ngokuhamba kwexesha.
- Iindlela Zokuphakamisa Ezingafanelekanga: Abantu abaninzi bagoba ukusuka esinqeni ukuze baphakamise izinto ezinzima. Endaweni yoko, kufuneka ugobe amadolo akho rhoqo kwaye ugcine umqolo wakho uthe nkqo ukuze imilenze yakho iphakamise izinto ezinzima.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuba nediski etyibilikayo?
Iindlela ezithile zokuphila kunye nezinto eziphilayo zinokunyusa umngcipheko wakho wokuphuhlisa idiski ye-herniated:
- Abantu abaneminyaka engama-30 ukuya kwengama-50: Eli qela leminyaka lifumana izinga eliphezulu leediski ze-herniated ngenxa yokuwohloka kweediski kwangethuba kunye nendlela yokuphila esebenzayo.
- Isini: Amadoda aphantse aphindwe kabini amathuba okuba ne-herniated disc xa kuthelekiswa nabasetyhini.
- Imbali yoSapho : I-genetics idlala indima; ukuba isalamane esisondeleyo besine-herniated disc, usenokuba unesifo se-genetic.
- Ukutshaya : I-Nicotine ithintela ukuhamba kwegazi kwiidiski zomgogodla, ikhawulezisa ukoma kweediski kunye nokuwohloka kwazo.
- Indlela Yokuphila Uhleli Phantsi: Ukuchitha ixesha elide uhleli phantsi, ingakumbi xa ungasebenzi kakuhle emsebenzini weofisi, kubeka uxinezeleko olukhulu emqolo wakho ongezantsi.
- Ukutyeba kakhulu okanye ukunyuka kobunzima : Ukuthwala ubunzima bomzimba obongezelelekileyo kubeka uxinzelelo olongezelelekileyo kwiidiski zomqolo wakho ongezantsi.
- Isifo seswekile ( iDiabetes Mellitus): Abantu abanesifo seswekile basengozini enkulu yokuba neengxaki zomqolo ngenxa yotshintsho kwindlela umzimba osebenza ngayo.
- Ezinye iingxaki zezicubu ezidityanisiweyo `(Ingxaki yezicubu ezidityanisiweyo)` zinokwenza buthathaka ulwakhiwo lweediski zakho.
Oogqirha Bayifumanisa Njani I-Herniated Disc?
Xa ubonana nogqirha, baza kuqala ngokuthatha imbali yezonyango eneenkcukacha baze baxoxe ngeempawu zakho. Emva koko, baza kwenza uvavanyo olucokisekileyo lomzimba. Oku kudla ngokubandakanya ukujonga indlela oziva ngayo, amandla emisipha, indlela ohamba ngayo, kunye nokuba uziva njani xa uziva izinto ezifana nokuchukumisa kancinci okanye ukubetheka.
Banokwenza novavanyo lokunyuswa kwemilenze ethe tye . Ngeli xesha lovavanyo, uza kulala ngomqolo, kwaye ugqirha wakho uza kuphakamisa umlenze wakho ngokuthe ngcembe. Ukuba uziva iintlungu ziphuma emlenzeni wakho ngaphantsi kwedolo ngeli xesha lokunyakaza, luphawu oluqinileyo lwediski ecinezelweyo kumthambo.
Ukongeza kuvavanyo oluneenkcukacha lwe-neurological `(uvavanyo lwe-neurological)`, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela iimvavanyo zokufumanisa isifo ukuze aqonde ingxaki. Ezi zingabandakanya:
- I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging `(I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging – MRI)` iskeni.
- Ii-X-reyi `(ii-X-reyi)` ukuze kuthintelwe ezinye izinto ezinokubangela iintlungu zomqolo, ezifana nokuqhekeka kwamathambo.
- I-Computed Tomography `(I-Computed Tomography – CT)` iskeni.
- I-Myelogram `(Myelogram)`.
- I-Electromyogram `(I-Electromyogram – EMG)`.
- Uphononongo lokuqhuba imithambo-luvo `(Uphononongo lokuqhuba imithambo-luvo)`.
Khumbula, ayinguye wonke umntu odinga zonke ezi mvavanyo. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba yeyiphi indlela yokuxilonga efanelekileyo kuwe ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho ezithile kunye neziphumo zovavanyo lomzimba.
Unyango olusebenzayo lwasekhaya lokulawula iintlungu zediski yeHerniated
Kwiimeko ezininzi, iintlungu ezibukhali ezivela kwidiski ye-herniated ziyaphela kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngelixa umzimba wakho uphola, ungazilawula ezi ntlungu ngala manyathelo alula ekhaya:
- Lungisa Umsebenzi Wakho: Ukuba intlungu inzima, phumla usuku olunye ukuya kwezintathu. Nangona kunjalo, kuphephe ukuphumla ebhedini ixesha elide. Ukuhlala ungenzi nto ixesha elide kunokwenza izihlunu zakho ziqine kwaye intlungu yakho ibe mandundu ngakumbi xa uzama ukushukuma.
- Sebenzisa izithomalalisi zentlungu ezingathengiswayo: Amayeza angabhalwanga ngugqirha afana ne-ibuprofen `(ibuprofen)` okanye i-acetaminophen `(acetaminophen)` anokunceda ekunciphiseni ukudumba nokunciphisa iintlungu. Kuhlala kububulumko ukubonisana nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqalise naluphi na unyango.
- Sebenzisa Unyango Olushushu Okanye Olubandayo: Sebenzisa ipakethe yomkhenkce ukuze uthomalalise iintlungu eziqatha kwaye unciphise ukudumba, okanye ufake i-heating pad ukuze uphumze izihlunu eziqinileyo nezinokuxhuzula. Khetha ukuba yeyiphi na indlela ekunika isiqabu.
Unyango lweeNgcali
Ukuba amayeza asekhaya awananelanga, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa unyango olukhethekileyo ngakumbi:
- Amayeza Asetyenziswa Ngugqirha: Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza anamandla okunciphisa iintlungu, amayeza angengo-steroidal okulwa nokuvuvukala `(alwa nokuvuvukala)`, okanye amayeza okukhulula imisipha `(alwa nokuvuvukala)` ukuze kuthomalaliswe ukuqaqamba okukhulu.
- Unyango Lomzimba: Ingcali yonyango lomzimba (physical therapist) inokuyila inkqubo yokuzilolonga eyenzelwe wena ukuze ithomalalise imithambo-luvo yakho, iqinise umbindi wakho, iphucule ukuguquguquka, kwaye inyuse ukujikeleza kwegazi ukuze ikhawulezise ukuphiliswa.
- Iinaliti zoMgogodla: Ezibizwa ngokuba ziinaliti ze-epidural steroid `(epidural)` okanye ii-nerve blocks `(nerve block)`, ezi ziquka ukufaka iyeza le-corticosteroid `(steroid)` ngqo kwindawo ejikeleze imithambo-luvo yakho yomqolo ukuze ucinezele ngokukhawuleza iintlungu eziqatha kunye nokudumba.
Kucetyiswa nini ukuba kwenziwe utyando?
Inyaniso ethuthuzelayo kukuba malunga nabantu abalithoba kwabalishumi bayaphola kwi-disc ene-herniated ngaphandle kotyando. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iindlela zokugcina umzimba zingasebenzi kakuhle emva kweeveki ezimbalwa, kwaye intlungu iphazamisana kakhulu nemisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla, utyando `(utyando)` lunokuthathwa ingqalelo.
Kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga nezingxamisekileyo, idiski enkulu ye-herniated inokucinezela imithambo-luvo elawula isinyi sakho okanye amathumbu. Ukuba ufumana ukulahlekelwa kulawulo lwesinyi okanye amathumbu, le yingxamiseko yezonyango efuna ukususwa koxinzelelo lotyando ngokukhawuleza ukuthintela umonakalo osisigxina. Ngaphandle koko, utyando olukhethiweyo ludla ngokuba yindlela yokugqibela yokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwemithambo-luvo oluqhubekayo, inkqubo eyaziwa ngokuba lutyando lokususa uxinzelelo lomgogodla `(utyando lokususa uxinzelelo lomgogodla)`.
Inkqubo yotyando eqhelekileyo yi- microdiscectomy `(microdiskectomy)` . Olu lutyando lomqolo olungenamsebenzi kangako `(utyando lomqolo olungenamsebenzi kangako)` apho ugqirha wotyando enza umsikelo omncinci aze asebenzise imakroskopu ukususa kuphela inxalenye ephumayo yediski ecinezela umthambo.
Ezinye iindlela zotyando ziquka:
- Utyando lweDisko (iDiskoctomi)`
- I-Laminotomy `(i-Laminotomy)`
- Utyando lweLaminectomy `(Utyando lweLaminectomy)`
- Ukutshintshwa kweDiski yokwenziwa `(Utyando lweDiski yokwenziwa)`
- Ukuhlanganiswa koMgogodla `(Ukuhlanganiswa koMgogodla)`
Ungayithintela njani i-Herniated Disc?
Nangona ezinye izizathu (ezifana nofuzo okanye ukwaluphala kwendalo) zingenakuphepheka, ungayinciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho ngokuthatha amanyathelo okuqala:
- Ziqhelise Ukuphakamisa Ngokukhuselekileyo: Ungaze ugobe ukusuka esinqeni ukuze uphakamise izinto. Endaweni yoko, goba amadolo akho, gcina umqolo wakho uthe tye, kwaye uqinise ukuphakamisa usebenzisa izihlunu zakho zomlenze ezomeleleyo.
- Gcina Ubunzima Obusempilweni:Ubunzima bomzimba obuninzi bubangela ukuba umqolo wakho ongezantsi uxinezeleke, nto leyo enyusa uxinzelelo kwiidiski zakho.
- Gcina ukuma kakuhle: Gxila ekugcineni umqolo wakho ulungelelene nokuba uhleli, umile, uhamba, okanye ulele.
- Thatha ikhefu lokuzolula: Ukuba usebenza edesikeni, yima, hambahamba, kwaye wolule umzimba wakho ubuncinane kanye ngeyure.
- Ziphephe Izithende Eziphakamileyo: Ukunxiba izithende eziphakamileyo kutshintsha indawo yakho yomxhuzulane, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba umqolo wakho ungahlali kakuhle.
- Zilolonge rhoqo: Gxila ekuqiniseni izihlunu zakho zangaphakathi nezemqolo. Izihlunu zesisu nezomqolo ezomeleleyo zibonelela ngenkxaso egqwesileyo kumqolo wakho.
- Yeka Ukutshaya: Ekubeni ukutshaya kuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi okubalulekileyo kwiidiski zakho zomqolo, ukuyeka yenye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo onokuzenza ukuze uzikhusele.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha?
Kwabaninzi abantu, iintlungu eziqatha ziya kuphucuka kakhulu kwisithuba senyanga kusetyenziswa iindlela zokugcina izinto, ezisetyenziswa ekhaya okanye unyango olusisiseko. Ukuba awuboni tshintsho ngeli xesha, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho. Abanye abantu banokufuna unyango oluphambili, inaliti yomqolo ekhethekileyo, okanye iindlela zotyando ukuze baphile ngokupheleleyo.
Ngaba Le meko Iza Kuba Mandundu Ukuba Ayinyangwanga?
Ewe, ukungawunaki iimpawu okanye ukuqhubeka nemikhwa ebangele ukwenzakala (njengokuphakamisa okungafanelekanga) kunokubangela ukuba imeko ibe mandundu. Oku kunokubangela iintlungu ezingapheliyo `(iintlungu ezingapheliyo)` okanye umonakalo osisigxina wemithambo-luvo, okukhokelela ekulahlekelweni kokuziva kunye nolawulo kwilungu elichaphazelekayo. Ukuba iimpawu zakho aziqali ukuba ngcono emva kweeveki ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6 zonyango olugcinwe kakuhle, kubalulekile ukufuna uvavanyo lwezonyango.
Ufanele Ufune Nini Unyango Ngokukhawuleza?
Nangona unokuhlala unengxaki yokungakhululeki okuncinci ekhaya, nceda udibane nogqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufumana nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo:
- Intlungu inzima kangangokuba ikuthintela ekwenzeni imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla okanye ukuya emsebenzini.
- Iimpawu zakho aziphucuki emva kweeveki ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6.
- Iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mandundu ngakumbi nangakumbi.
- Ufumana ukungakwazi ukulawula amathumbu ngequbuliso okanye isinyi. (Le yingxamiseko yezonyango!)
- Ufumana ukungaziva kakuhle, ubuthathaka, okanye ukuphelelwa zimvakalelo ezingalweni zakho, emilenzeni, ezandleni okanye ezinyaweni.
- Unengxaki enkulu yokuma okanye ukuhamba.
Imibuzo ebalulekileyo yokubuza ugqirha wakho
Xa undwendwela ugqirha wakho, ungathandabuzi ukubuza le mibuzo ibalulekileyo ukuze uqonde ngcono isicwangciso sakho sokhathalelo:
- Ndingawutshintsha ixesha elingakanani umsebenzi wam okanye ukuphumla kwam?
- Ngaba kukho imithambo ethile okanye imisebenzi yomzimba endifanele ndiyiphephe?
- Zeziphi izithomalalisi zentlungu ezikhuselekileyo nezisebenzayo kwimeko yam?
- Ngaba ndifanele ndisebenzise unyango lomkhenkce okanye unyango lobushushu kwiintlungu zam?
- (Ukuba kuxoxwa ngotyando) Zithini iingozi kunye neenzuzo zeendlela zam zotyando?
Umyalezo Wethu Wokubuyela Ekhaya
Kungokwemvelo ukuziva unexhala kwaye usoyika ukushukuma xa usebenza nediski ehluthwe yi-herniated. Nangona kunjalo, kuphephe ukuhlala ulele ebhedini yakho. Ukungenzi nto ixesha elide kuya kuqinisa izihlunu zakho kwaye kukhulise intlungu yakho xa uzama ukuvuka. Endaweni yoko, yenza ukolula okuncinci kunye neentshukumo ezithambileyo njengoko kukhokelwa ngumboneleli wakho wezempilo. Kubantu abaninzi, indibaniselwano yezixhobo zokunciphisa iintlungu ezithengiswa ngaphandle kwekhawuntara kunye nomsebenzi othambileyo kuya kuzisa isiqabu esikhulu kwiiveki ezimbalwa. Oko kuthethiweyo, ungaze uyityeshele intlungu enzima, ukungaziva mnandi okungapheliyo, okanye utshintsho kulawulo lwamathumbu/isinyi. Funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba ezi mpawu zilumkiso ziyavela. Impilo yakho yomqolo ifanelekile ukukhuselwa!
