Ingaba amathambo akho awafumani gazi laneleyo? Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-Avascular Necrosis okanye i-Osteonecrosis!

Ngaba wakha weva ngento eyenzekayo xa amathambo akho ephelelwa ligazi? Kuvakala ngathi kuyoyikisa kancinci, akunjalo? Kodwa yinto ekufuneka siyazi. Ngamafutshane, xa amathambo ethu engafumani igazi alifunayo, izicubu zamathambo ziqala ukufa kancinci. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-avascular necrosis okanye i-osteonecrosis. Ngaba singathetha ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha?

Kutheni oku kwenzeka emathanjeni ethu? Yintoni i-Avascular Necrosis?

Cinga ngako, njengayo yonke iseli emzimbeni wethu, amathambo ethu adinga ioksijini kunye nezondlo ukuze aphile kwaye ahlale eqinile. Ngubani othwala ezi zinto? Igazi. Amathambo ethu akangomatye nje kuphela. Ziithishu eziphilayo ezihlala zihlaziywa, kunye neeseli ezindala ezifayo kunye neeseli ezintsha ezenziwayo. Njengokulungisa indlu, iindonga ezindala ziyadilizwa kwaye kwakhiwa ezintsha, nto leyo eyenzekayo ngaphakathi kwamathambo. Oku sikubiza ngokuba kukuguqulwa kwamathambo . Ngoku cinga ngako, kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ngesizathu esithile ukunikezelwa kwegazi kula mathambo kuyavalwa okanye kuyekiswa? Kanye njengesityalo siyabuna xa singafumani manzi, amathambo awafumani izondlo kunye neoksijini azidingayo. Emva koko ukuveliswa kweeseli ezintsha zamathambo kuyancipha, kodwa iiseli ezindala ziyaqhubeka nokufa. Emva kwexesha elithile, inxalenye yethambo engafumani gazi iba buthathaka, iyaqhekeka, kwaye ekugqibeleni inokuqhekeka. Njengomthi otyiwe ziintubi. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-(Avascular Necrosis).

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko? Ngubani onokuba nayo?

Enyanisweni, oku akuqhelekanga kangako, kodwa akukho nto ikhoyo. Umzekelo, kwilizwe elifana neMelika, kuxelwe ukuba malunga nabantu abayi-10,000 ukuya kuma-20,000 ngonyaka banesifo esinjalo. Oku kunokwenzeka nakubani na wanoma yimuphi ubudala, nokuba ungowasiphi na isini. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-30 ukuya kwengama-40 basengozini enkulu kancinci. Oku kuthetha ukuba abantu abaselula, abakwiminyaka yokusebenza nabo kufuneka bakhathazeke ngale nto.

I-Avascular Necrosis idla ngokuvela phi?

Nangona esi sifo sinokuchaphazela naliphi na ilungu emzimbeni, sibonakala kakhulu kwilungu lesinqe . Kulapho umlenze wakho udibana khona nethanga lakho. Ukongeza, sinokuchaphazela nezinye iindawo ezininzi. Nazi:

• Amaqatha
• Umhlathi
• Amadolo
• Ingalo ephezulu - i-humerus kunye namagxa

Cinga nje, isinqe sesinye sezona malungu ziphambili ezithwala ubunzima emzimbeni wethu. Ngoko ke ukuba kukho ingxaki efana nale apho, kunokuba nzima ukuhamba okanye ukuma.

Kutheni le nto (i-Avascular Necrosis) yenzeka? Zithini izizathu?

Ngamafutshane, nantoni na ethintela ukuhanjiswa kwegazi emathanjeni inokubangela oku. Ngamanye amaxesha, malunga ne-20% yamatyala, akukho sizathu sicacileyo sifumanekayo . Kodwa izizathu eziphambili zinokwahlulwa zibe ngamaqela amabini: 1. I-Traumatic Avascular Necrosis: Oku kwenzeka xa ithambo liqhekeka okanye ilungu liqhekeka kwindawo ethile ngengozi. Emva koko imithambo yegazi enika ithambo inokonakala. 2. I-Non-traumatic Avascular Necrosis:Oku kwenzeka xa ukuhanjiswa kwegazi emathanjeni kuphazamiseka, mhlawumbi ngenxa yesinye isifo okanye ngenxa yamayeza owaselayo. Okubalulekileyo apha kukuba xa oku kusenzeka, kudla ngokuchaphazela amalungu afanayo kumacala omabini omzimba . Umzekelo, ukuba une-avascular necrosis egxalabeni lakho lasekunene, kukho ithuba elikhulu lokuba kuya kwenzeka nakwigxala lakho lasekhohlo.

Zeziphi iintlobo zokwaphuka ezinokubangela iTraumatic Avascular Necrosis?

Oku akwenzeki kuzo zonke iindawo ezaphukileyo, kodwa ezinye iindawo ezaphukileyo zisengozini enkulu.

• Ukuqhekeka kwemisipha yesinqe nokuphuma kwayo : Kuthiwa malunga nama-20% abantu banokuba ne-avascular necrosis, ingakumbi xa ilungu lesinqe liphumile. Oku kungenxa yokuba imithambo yegazi ephambili ehambisa igazi kwithambo lesinqe ikwiindawo ezinobuthathaka kakhulu.

Zeziphi izifo kunye nezinye iingxaki ezibangela iNontraumatic Avascular Necrosis?

Kukho izinto ezininzi ezinokubangela oku:

• I-Osteoporosis : Sisifo esibangela ukuba amathambo aqhekeke. Ingakumbi kubafazi abadala (nakwamanye amadoda), i-avascular necrosis inokukhula ngequbuliso edolweni. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-`(SPONK - Spontaneous Osteonecrosis of the Knee)`.
• Iingxaki zegazi: Umzekelo, izifo ezifana ne -sickle cell anemia . Kwezi zifo, imo yeeseli ezibomvu zegazi iyatshintsha kwaye zinokunamathela kwimithambo yegazi emincinci.
• Isifo seswekile : Abantu abanesifo seswekile nabo basengozini enkulu kuba isifo seswekile singonakalisa imithambo yegazi.
• Unyango lomhlaza : Ezinye iindlela zonyango lomhlaza, ingakumbi unyango lwemitha , zingonakalisa imithambo yegazi kwindawo leyo, nto leyo ebangela i-avascular necrosis.
• Isifo sokuthomalalisa uxinezeleko : Xa abantu abantywila emanzini anzulu benyuka ngokukhawuleza, amaqamza omoya anokwakheka egazini aze avale imithambo yegazi.
• I-HIV
• I-Lupus: Esi sisifo esichaphazela inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.
• Ukufakelwa Kwamalungu: Le ngozi ikwakho, ingakumbi emva kwezinto ezifana nokufakelwa kwezintso. Esinye isizathu soku ngamanye amayeza asetyenziswayo.

Zeziphi izinto kwindlela esiphila ngayo eziyandisa le ngozi?

Imikhwa ethile inokunyusa umngcipheko wokufumana oku (i-Avascular Necrosis).

• Ukusela utywala kakhulu: Ukusela utywala kakhulu kunokunyusa ukugcwala kwamafutha egazini kwaye kuvale imithambo yegazi.
• Ukutshaya: Ukutshaya kuyingozi kakhulu kwimithambo yegazi.
• Ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide kwee-corticosteroids: Umzekelo, amayeza afana ne-`(Prednisone).` La ngamayeza anikwa izifo ezininzi. Nangona kunjalo, xa ethathwa ixesha elide kwaye kwiidosi eziphezulu, ezi ntlobo zeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokwenzeka.

Zithini iimpawu ze-Avascular Necrosis?

Iimpawu azibonakali zonke ngaxeshanye. Usenokungaziboni nto kangangeeveki okanye iinyanga. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ezi mpawu ziyavela:

• Intlungu efikayo idlule: Intlungu efikayo idlule, ingakumbi xa uxinzelelo lufakwa kwithambo elichaphazelekayo, ize iphele xa uxinzelelo lususiwe.
• Intlungu nokuqina okuya kukhula kancinci kancinci: Isenokuba buhlungu kancinci ekuqaleni, kodwa kamva intlungu inokuba qatha kwaye kunokuba nzima ukushukumisa ilungu.
• Umgama omncinci wokuhamba kwelungu: Umzekelo, kwimeko yegxalaba, kuba nzima ukuphakamisa ingalo. Kwimeko yesinqe, kuba nzima ukugoba okanye ukolula umlenze.
• Ukuqhwalela: Ukuba unale meko esinqeni okanye edolweni, ungaqhwalela xa uhamba.
• Ubunzima bokunyuka izinyuko, ukuma nokuhamba.

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha .

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani i-Avascular Necrosis?

Xa usiya kugqirha, baza kuqala bakubuze ngeempawu zakho baze bakuhlole. Emva koko bangenza olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi vavanyo zilandelayo:

• Ii-X-reyi: Zinokukhangela izinto ezifana nokuqhekeka kwamalungu omzimba kunye nesifo samathambo. Nangona kunjalo, i-Avascular Necrosis isenokungafumaneki kwi-X-reyi kwizigaba zokuqala.
• I-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging - MRI): Olu lolona vavanyo lubalaseleyo nolunobuzaza bokufumanisa i-Avascular Necrosis. I-MRI inokubona ngokucacileyo notshintsho oluncinci emathanjeni, kwanakwiindawo apho ukuhamba kwegazi kuye kwehla khona.

Iphathwa njani i-Avascular Necrosis?

Unyango luxhomekeke kumonakalo owenzeka emathanjeni akho.

Ukuba umonakalo emathanjeni uncinci, kumathambo amancinci, angathwali bunzima:

Kwezi meko, utyando lusenokungabi yimfuneko. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa izinto ezifana nezi:

• Iipakethi ezibandayo nezishushu (Iipakethi ezibandayo, Unyango lobushushu): Nciphisa iintlungu nokudumba.
• Ukuphumla: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphumza ilungu elichaphazelekileyo.
• Amayeza angengowe-steroidal alwa nokuvuvukala (ii-NSAID): Amayeza okubulala iintlungu, afana ne-ibuprofen, alawula iintlungu kunye nokudumba.
• Ulungiso lwenyama:Ukuzilolonga kunye nezinye iindlela zonyango zokunciphisa iintlungu zamalungu kunye nokwandisa umgama wokunyakaza.
• Izixhobo zokuhamba: Sebenzisa izixhobo zokuhamba ezifana neenduku kunye neenduku zokusila ukuze unciphise ubunzima kwilungu elichaphazelekileyo.

(I-Avascular Necrosis) Ukuba imeko inzima, utyando:

Kwiimeko ezininzi, ingakumbi ukuba ikwilungu elithwala ubunzima njenge-hip (i-avascular necrosis), kufuneka utyando . Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zotyando ezinokwenziwa:

• Ukunciphisa uxinezeleko olungundoqo: Kule nkqubo, ugqirha wenza imingxunya emininzi emincinci (ii-cores) kwithambo elichaphazelekayo. Oku kunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwithambo kwaye kunceda ukukhula kwemithambo yegazi emitsha. Ngamanye amaxesha , kusetyenziswa ii-grafts zamathambo okanye ezinye iinaliti ukukhawulezisa ukuphiliswa kwamathambo. Oku kuphumelela kuphela ukuba isifo sifunyenwe kwangethuba.
• Ukutshintshwa Kwamalungu: Oku kuquka ukususa ilungu elonakeleyo nokulifaka ilungu elenziweyo. Ukutshintshwa Kwamalungu Esinqeni kunye Nokutshintshwa Kwamadolo zizinto ezimbini eziphumelele kakhulu (malunga ne-95%) ezinceda abantu abane-Avascular Necrosis ukuba baphinde bakwazi ukuhamba kakuhle.

Ngaba i-Avascular Necrosis ingathintelwa?

Ngamanye amaxesha oku akunakuthintelwa, ingakumbi xa kubangelwa yingozi. Kodwa kukho izinto esinokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko:

• Ukuyeka ukutshaya: Le yinto omele uyenze ngokuqinisekileyo.
• Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala: Kungcono ukunciphisa utywala kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
• Ukulawula amanqanaba e-cholesterol: Ukwanda kwe-cholesterol egazini akulunganga kwimithambo yegazi.
• Ukuba uthatha ii-corticosteroids xa uneengxaki zempilo ezingapheliyo, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokunciphisa umthamo. Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha amayeza akho okanye utshintshe umthamo ngaphandle kokubuza ugqirha wakho kuqala.

Ngaba i-Avascular Necrosis inganyangeka ngokupheleleyo?

Ngelishwa, akukho nyango lwe-Avascular Necrosis. Unyango lunokulawula kuphela ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo kwaye lunciphise iintlungu. Abantu abaninzi ekugqibeleni bafuna utyando, ingakumbi utyando lokutshintshwa kwamalungu. Abantu abane-Avascular Necrosis banokuba ne -osteoarthritis enzima ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

I-Avascular necrosis sisifo esiba mandundu kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ukuba ufunyenwe unale meko, kufuneka uqwalasele iimpawu zakho, ingakumbi iintlungu kunye nobunzima bokuhamba. Bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo:

• Intlungu engapheliyo nokuba sele uphumle okanye usele amayeza okudambisa iintlungu.
• Intlungu inzima kangangokuba kunzima ukuhamba okanye ukushukuma.
• Ukuba uqhwalela ngaphandle kwesizathu .

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Kungcono ukubuza le mibuzo xa usiya kugqirha:

• Kutheni ndifumene i-Avascular Necrosis?
• Yeyiphi indlela yonyango engcono kum?
• Zithini iingxaki zale mithi?
• Luhlobo luni lonyango olulandelayo endiludingayo emva konyango?

I-Avascular Necrosis yimeko ebuhlungu kakhulu kwaye ibeka ubomi esichengeni. Ukuba unesifo esongeza umngcipheko wokuba nale meko, okanye ukuba uthatha amayeza andisa umngcipheko wakho, thetha nogqirha wakho. Angachaza iimpawu ze-Avascular Necrosis kuwe. Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kunokunceda ukucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, masishwankathele ezinye zezinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule koko sithethe ngako:

• I-Avascular Necrosis kuxa ukuhanjiswa kwegazi emathanjeni kuyeka, nto leyo ebangela ukuba amathambo afe.
• Oku kudla ngokuchaphazela isinqe , kodwa kunokuchaphazela neendawo ezifana namadolo namagxa.
• Oku kunokubangelwa zizinto ezifana nokuqhekeka kwamathambo, izifo ezithile (umz. isifo seswekile, i-lupus), amayeza athile (umz. ii-corticosteroids), ukusetyenziswa kotywala ngokugqithisileyo, kunye nokutshaya .
• Ukuba uneempawu ezifana neentlungu ezihlala zisenzeka, ukuqina kwamalungu, okanye ukuqhwalela, bona ugqirha.
• I-MRI scan yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokufumanisa oku.
• Unyango luquka ukuphumla, amayeza, unyango lomzimba , kwaye kwiimeko ezinzima, utyando (i-Core Decompression, i-Joint Replacement) lunokufuneka.
• Nangona oku kungenakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo, esi sifo sinokulawulwa ukuba siqatshelwe kwangethuba kwaye unyango luqalisiwe.

Ukuba unemibuzo engaphezulu malunga noku, ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha wakho. Hlala usempilweni!