Izinto ofuna ukuzazi malunga ne-marijuana!

Umele ukuba ukhe weva nge-marijuana, akunjalo? Abanye abantu bayibiza ngokuba yi-hemp , i-ganja, i-weed, kunye ne-pot. Enyanisweni yinto enokubangela utshintsho oluthile kwiingqondo zethu xa isetyenziswa. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha nge-marijuana ngokweenkcukacha ezithe vetshe nangokulula.

Ngaba i-Marijuana kunye ne-Cannabis ziyinto enye?

Nangona abantu bedla ngokusebenzisa amagama athi "intsangu" kunye nelithi "intsangu" ngokutshintshana, kukho umahluko omncinci phakathi kwezi zimbini. Makhe sijonge ukuba ziyintoni na.

• I-Cannabis: Ngamafutshane, oku kubhekisa kuyo nayiphi na imveliso ephuma kwisityalo i-Cannabis sativa. Oko kuthetha iintyatyambo ezomileyo, amagqabi, iziqu, kunye nembewu yesityalo. Esi sityalo siqulethe iikhemikhali ezahlukeneyo ezingaphezu kwama-500. Usenokuba ukhe weva nge-cannabidiol (CBD). Le yenye yeekhemikhali ezifumaneka kwesi sityalo.

• I-Marijuana: Oku kubhekisa kuyo nayiphi na inxalenye yesityalo seCannabis sativa okanye iimveliso ezenziwe ngaso, kodwa ingakumbi ezo ziqulethe ubungakanani obukhulu bekhemikhali i-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) . Yile THC echaphazela kakhulu ingqondo kwaye ibangela ukuziva "uphezulu."

Ngaba uyaqonda ke ngoko? I-Marijuana ikwaluhlobo lwe-cannabis. Nangona kunjalo, ayizizo zonke iintlobo ze-cannabis eziyi-marijuana. Kuba ayizizo zonke iintlobo ze-cannabis eziqulethe i- THC yekhemikhali echaphazela ingqondo.

Kumazwe afana ne-United States, ukusetyenziswa kwe-marijuana kuqhelekile, ingakumbi phakathi kolutsha. Nangona kunjalo, ngokwesayensi, kusekho okuninzi esingakwaziyo nge-marijuana. Abaphandi basafunda ngemiphumo yayo yexesha elifutshane nelide.

Ngaba i-marijuana sisiyobisi esichaphazela ingqondo?

Ngaphambili, izazinzulu zazibeka le khemikhali kwi-marijuana, i-THC, njenge-hallucinogen. Nangona kunjalo, ayizizo zonke iindlela zokusebenzisa i-marijuana ezivelisa ezi ziphumo.

Abanye abantu banokufumana izinto ezingabonakaliyo emva kokusebenzisa intsangu. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zinto zahlukile kwizinto ezibangelwa zezinye izinto ezingabonakaliyo ezifana neLSD, i-psilocybin (efumaneka kwiikhowa zomlingo), okanye i-ecstasy. Oku kuthetha ukuba iziphumo zentsangu ezingabonakaliyo zinokusebenza ngokwahlukileyo kunezinye iziyobisi.

Yintoni iMarijuana yezonyango?

Usenokuba ukhe weva igama elithi "intsangu yezonyango." Amanye amazwe eMelika anemithetho evumela ukusetyenziswa kwentsangu ngeenjongo zonyango. Le mithetho isetyenziswa kakhulu ekulawuleni iimpawu, kungekhona ukunyanga isifo. Nazi ezinye zeendlela ezisetyenziswa ngayo intsangu yezonyango:

• Ukunciphisa iintlungu ezihlala ixesha elide , ingakumbi iintlungu ze-neuropathic. Oku kunokunceda ekunciphiseni ukusetyenziswa kwee -opioids , uhlobo lwamayeza eentlungu asetyenziselwa ukulawula iintlungu.
• Ukunciphisa isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza (njengeyeza lokuthomalalisa ukugabha).
• Ukulawula iimpawu zezifo ezifana ne- 'Multiple Sclerosis (MS),' umzekelo, izinto ezinje ngokuqina kwemisipha (Spasticity).
• Ukwandisa umnqweno wokutya .

I-U.S. Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) ibeke i-marijuana kwiShedyuli yoku-1, oko kuthetha ukuba ayisetyenziswanga kwezonyango okwangoku kwaye inomdla kakhulu . Ngenxa yoko, oogqirha abanakukunika i-marijuana. Nangona kunjalo, kumazwe apho kusemthethweni khona, oogqirha banokuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-marijuana njengonyango lweemeko ezithile zonyango.

I-FDA ayivumanga ukuba intsangu inyange naziphi na izifo. Nangona kunjalo, ivumile ezinye iikhompawundi ezicociweyo (ii-analogs) ezivela kwintsangu. Nazi ezinye imizekelo:

• I-Cannabidiol (Epidiolex®): Oku kunceda ukuthintela nokulawula ukuxhuzula kubantu abaneentlobo ezimbini ezingaqhelekanga zesifo sokuxhuzula esibizwa ngokuba yiLennox-Gastaut syndrome kunye neDravet syndrome. Eli liyeza elinikwa ngugqirha, ngokungafaniyo neemveliso ze-CBD onokuzithenga kwikhemesti.
• I-Dronabinol (Marinol®) kunye neNabilone (Cesamet®): Ezi zinto zinceda ukuthintela nokunyanga isicaphucaphu kunye nokuhlanza okubangelwa yi-chemotherapy kwizigulana ezinomhlaza. I-Dronabinol ikwasetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo ezifana ne-anorexia kunye nokunciphisa umzimba kubantu abane-HIV okanye i-AIDS.

Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba kusekho ukunqongophala kophando oluneenkcukacha kunye novavanyo lweklinikhi malunga nokusetyenziswa kwentsangu kwezonyango, ayizizo zonke izibhedlele kunye noogqirha abaqinisekisa intsangu yezonyango, nokuba ivumelekile ngokusemthethweni.

Zithini iziphumo zokusebenzisa intsangu?

I-Marijuana ichaphazela wonke umntu ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zoku. Cinga ngayo ngolu hlobo:

• Imfuza yakho.
• iminyaka yakho.
• Isini sakho.
• Ubungakanani kunye namandla e-marijuana oyisebenzisayo.
• Indlela oyitya ngayo intsangu/i-THC (ukutshaya, ukuvape, okanye ukuyitya).
• Ixesha olichithe usebenzisa intsangu kwaye uyisebenzisa kangaphi.
• Nokuba usebenzisa amanye amayeza okanye amayeza.

Ngoko ke, oko ukuvayo ngentsangu kunokwahluka koko omnye umntu akuvayo. Akupheleli apho, kodwa nemiphumo yokusebenzisa intsangu kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo, nokuba kukumtu omnye, inokwahluka.

Izifundo zibonisa ukuba ukusebenzisa intsangu kunemiphumo emininzi yexesha elifutshane nelide. Nangona kunjalo, abaphandi basafunda ngale nto, ingakumbi imiphumo yexesha elide.

Iziphumo zexesha elifutshane

Xa utshaya intsangu, i-THC yekhemikhali ingena ngokukhawuleza egazini ngemiphunga. Emva koko igazi lithwala i-THC liye engqondweni nakwezinye izitho zomzimba. Kodwa xa utya okanye usela intsangu, i-THC ingena kancinci. Idla ngokuthatha isiqingatha seyure okanye iyure ukuba iziphumo ziqale.

Ikhemikhali ethi `THC` ifana nekhemikhali ethi `Anandamide` eveliswa ngokwemvelo emizimbeni yethu. Ngoko ke, i-`THC` inokusebenza njenge `Anandamide` ize inamathele kwi-`Anandamide` receptors kwiindawo ezithile zobuchopho. Ngale ndlela, i-`THC` ekwi-marijuana ivuselela iindawo zobuchopho ezinezona receptor zininzi, nto leyo ebangela iziphumo ezahlukeneyo.

Nazi ezinye zeziphumo zexesha elifutshane ezinxulumene nokusebenza kwengqondo:

• Utshintsho kwindlela yokubona izinto ezivakalelwa ngayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba imibala ingabonakala ikhanya ngakumbi kunesiqhelo, kwaye ivumba linokuba likhulu ngakumbi.
• Utshintsho kwindlela abantu ababona ngayo ixesha nendawo.
• Ulonwabo olungaqhelekanga (uvuyo) kunye notshintsho lweemvakalelo.
• Ubunzima bokucinga nokusombulula iingxaki.
• Ukukhubazeka kwememori.
• Ukudideka kunye nokudideka.
• Ukuziva unomsindo okanye ulele (ukuthomalalisa).
• Isiyezi.
• Iingxaki ngokulinganisela komzimba (Ukulungelelanisa).
• Isantya sokuphendula esicothayo.
• Ngamanye amaxesha, imeko yokuxhalaba inokubakho, njengokuhlaselwa luloyiko .

Ukuba uthatha iidosi eziphezulu ze-marijuana, ezi zinto zilandelayo zinokwenzeka:

• Imibono engabonakaliyo kukuziva ubona okanye uve izinto ezingekhoyo ngokwenene.
• Ukukholelwa kwizinto ezingeyonyani (Delusions).
• Ingqondo. Lo mngcipheko uphezulu ukuba usebenzisa intsangu rhoqo.

Ezinye iziphumo eziqhelekileyo zexesha elifutshane:

• Umlomo owomileyo.
• Isicaphucaphu.
• Ukwanda kwesantya sentliziyo (ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezintathu emva kokutshaya).
• Ukwanda komnqweno wokutya.

Iziphumo zexesha elide

Abaphandi basafunda ngemiphumo yexesha elide yokusebenzisa intsangu. Nazi ezinye zezinto ezifunyenweyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku:

• Intsangu, ingakumbi xa isetyenziswa isencinci, ngaphambi kokuba ingqondo ikhule ngokupheleleyo , inokuchaphazela indlela okwenziwa ngayo unxibelelwano oluthile engqondweni. Ingachaphazela izinto ezifana nengqalelo, inkumbulo, nokufunda. Ezi ziphumo zinokuhlala ixesha elide kwaye zihlale ixesha elide .
• Ukutshaya nantoni na, kuquka ne-marijuana, kungonakalisa imiphunga, kwandise umngcipheko we-bronchitis, kwaye kubangele amanxeba kwimithambo yegazi emincinci.
• Ukutshaya intsangu kunokunyusa umngcipheko wesifo sohlangothi, isifo sentliziyo, kunye nezinye izifo zemithambo yegazi .
• Iimveliso zokutshiza nge-vape ezine-THC ziye zanxulunyaniswa neengxaki zemiphunga, mhlawumbi nokufa.
• Abantu abasebenzisa intsangu rhoqo kwaye banesifo sengqondo esibangelwa yimfuza, njenge -schizophrenia , basengozini enkulu yokufumana ezi zifo.
• Abantu abasebenzisa iidosi eziphezulu zeTHC ixesha elide basengozini yokuhlaselwa sisifo esibizwa ngokuba yiCannabis hyperemesis syndrome, esibangela ukuhlanza rhoqo nokuqatha.

Izifundo zibonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-marijuana ixesha elide kunxulunyaniswa noku:

• Isifo se-Periodontal.
• Abantu abanesifo se-sickle cell badla ngokuba neengxaki ezibuhlungu.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yokuveliswa kwesidoda (i-spermatogenesis) kunokuchaphazela ukuzala.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingenelo zokusebenzisa intsangu?

Inyaniso kukuba, izazinzulu noogqirha abanakutsho ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba intsangu inezi zibonelelo ngokubanzi. Kungenxa yokuba akukho phando lwaneleyo malunga neenzuzo zonyango zale nkunkuma, ingakumbi iziphumo zayo zexesha elide. Kwaye indlela intsangu echaphazela ngayo umntu ngamnye yahlukile kakhulu.

Nangona umntu ngamnye enokuthi ufumene izibonelelo ezithile zobuqu, kunzima ukufikelela kwizigqibo eziqinileyo ngenxa yazo zonke ezi zinto.

Zithini iingozi zokusebenzisa intsangu?

Ukongeza kwimiphumo yempilo yexesha elide neyangoku yokusetyenziswa kwentsangu, kukho nezinye iingozi ezininzi:

• Ukusetyenziswa kwentsangu kunxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko okhulayo weengozi zeemoto.
• Kubantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala, ukusebenzisa intsangu kunxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko okhulayo weengozi.
• Ezinye iimveliso ze-cannabis/marijuana zinokuba zingcoliswe ziintsholongwane, izibulali-zinambuzane, okanye ezinye izinto eziyingozi.
• Ezinye iimveliso ze-cannabis/marijuana zinokuba nezixa ezahlukeneyo kakhulu ze-cannabinoids kunezo zibhalwe kwileyibhile.

Yintoni i-Cannabis Use Disorder?

Malunga nomntu omnye kwabalishumi abadala abasebenzisa intsangu uba nesifo esibizwa ngokuba yiCannabis Use Disorder . Esi sisifo esibangelwa kukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi (SUD) . Ngamafutshane, sisifo sengqondo. Esi sifo senzeka xa indlela umntu asebenzisa ngayo iziyobisi iba yingxaki kwaye ibangela ukubandezeleka okanye ukuphazamiseka ebomini bakhe. Xa oku kuba nzima, sibiza ngokuba kukulutha .

Okubalulekileyo kukuba, abantwana abancinci abasebenzisa i-cannabis banamathuba aphindwe kane ukuya kwesixhenxe okuba nengxaki yokusebenzisa i-cannabis kunabantu abadala.

Le meko inokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwimpilo yakho, kubudlelwane bakho, nakubomi bakho bonke. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna uncedo ngokukhawuleza xa iimpawu zale meko ziqala ukubonakala.

Intsangu kunye nokukhulelwa

Le yingxaki enkulu. Amaziko ezonyango afana ne-FDA acebisa kakhulu ukuba kungasetyenziswa nantoni na equlethe 'i-CBD' okanye 'i-THC', kuquka ne-marijuana, ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye ngexesha lokuncancisa.

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-marijuana ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunokubangela ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ingachaphazela uphuhliso lwengqondo yomntwana esibelekweni. I-THC ingangena kwingqondo yomntwana ongekazalwa isuka egazini likamama. Izifundo zibonisa ukuba oku kuvezwa kunokuchaphazela ingqalelo yomntwana, inkumbulo, kunye nobuchule bokusombulula iingxaki.
• Umngcipheko wokuba nomntwana ozelwe enobunzima obuphantsi unokwanda.
• Umngcipheko wokuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha kwaye mhlawumbi nokuzalwa komntwana eswelekile unokwanda.

Ubisi lwebele lunokuba ne-THC ukuya kuthi ga kwiintsuku ezintandathu emva kokusebenzisa intsangu. Ngoko ke, kufuneka uphephe ukusebenzisa intsangu ngelixa uncancisa . I-THC inokuchaphazela uphuhliso lwengqondo yomntwana wakho.

Umsi we-marijuana unezinto ezininzi eziyingozi ezifana nomsi wecuba. Ngoko ke, kufuneka uphephe ukutshaya i-marijuana phambi kweentsana okanye abantwana abancinci.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Njengoko ubona, intsangu ineziphumo ezininzi zexesha elifutshane nezexesha elide. Uninzi lwazo lusafundwa ngoososayensi. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba ulumke kakhulu xa usebenzisa intsangu kunye nezinye iimveliso zentsangu.

Ukuba ufuna ukufunda okungakumbi malunga nokusetyenziswa kwentsangu kwezonyango, okanye ukuba ucinga ukuba unengxaki yokusebenzisa intsangu, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho . Bakho ukuze bakuncede.

Khumbula, impilo yakho yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphanda yonke into kakuhle phambi kokuba usebenzise nantoni na, ingakumbi ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.

Intsangu , ihemp, iTHC, i-CBD, iziyobisi, iziphumo zempilo, umlutha