Ngaba uziva udiniwe ngalo lonke ixesha, uzive ungenabomi, kwaye umbala wolusu lwakho utshintsha kancinci kancinci? Mhlawumbi unomdla ongaqhelekanga wetyuwa. Sihlala sizityeshela ezi mpawu njengesiqhelo. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zesifo esingaphakathi emzimbeni wethu esingaxhaphakanga kangako, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukusichonga ngokuchanekileyo. Namhlanje sithetha ngesifo esingaqhelekanga, kodwa ukuba silawulwa ngokufanelekileyo, ungaphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Eso siSifo sika-Addison .
Ngamafutshane, yintoni isifo sika-Addison?
Kulungile, masichaze oku ngokulula. Sinezitho ezimbini ezincinci, ezimile okwesikwere, ezifana nesigqoko, ngaphezulu kwezintso zethu. Ezi sizibiza ngokuba zizinto ezibizwa ngokuba zi-adrenal glands . Ezi ziyinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yethu ye-endocrine.
Isifo sika-Addison sisifo apho ii-adrenal glands zingavelisi ngokwaneleyo iihomoni ezimbini ezibalulekileyo, i-cortisol kunye ne-aldosterone .
Sizifuna ntoni ezi hormone zimbini?
- I-Cortisol: Le yi-hormone ebalulekileyo ebomini. Inceda imizimba yethu ukuba ikwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo, njengaxa sigula, senza ingozi, okanye senza utyando. Ikwanceda ekulawuleni uxinzelelo lwegazi, izinga lentliziyo, ukusebenza kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, kunye namanqanaba eglucose egazini.
- I-Aldosterone: Le hormone inceda ukulinganisela iiminerali zesodium (ityuwa) kunye nepotassium emizimbeni yethu. Ikwalawula nobungakanani bolwelo oluphuma kwizintso zethu njengomchamo. Oku kuchaphazela ngqo uxinzelelo lwethu lwegazi.
Isifo sika-Addison sikwabizwa ngokuba yi- primary adrenal insufficiency . Kukho enye imeko enxulumene nayo, ebizwa ngokuba yi -secondary adrenal insufficiency . Kule meko, i-pituitary gland engqondweni ayikhuphi ngokwaneleyo i-hormone ye -ACTH , evuselela ii-adrenal glands ukuba zivelise i-cortisol. Kodwa namhlanje sithetha kakhulu ngengxaki eyenzeka kwii-adrenal glands ngokwazo.
Umahluko phakathi kwesifo sika-Addison kunye nesifo sika-Cushing
Usenokubhideka ngala magama mabini. La mabini ziimeko ezichaseneyo ngokupheleleyo.
| Uphawu | Isifo sikaAddison | Isifo sikaCushing |
|---|---|---|
| Ingxaki ephambili | I-cortisol (kunye ne-aldosterone) ayanelanga emzimbeni. | Ukwanda kwe -cortisol emzimbeni (i-Hypercortisolism). |
| Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo | Ukunciphisa umzimba, ukuba mnyama kwesikhumba, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi. | Ukutyeba, ubuso obungqukuva, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. |
Ngubani onokuthi abe nesi sifo? Sixhaphake kangakanani?
Nangona isifo sika-Addison sinokuchaphazela abantu bayo nayiphi na iminyaka, sixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-30 ukuya kwengama-50 ubudala .
Esi sisifo esingaqhelekanga ngokwenene. Umzekelo, eMelika, esi sifo sichaphazela umntu omnye kwikhulu lamawaka. Kodwa kukho abantu abanaso esi sifo kwilizwe lethu.
Kukho abantu abasengozini enkulu yokufumana esi sifo. Abo ngabantu abanezinye izifo ezichaphazela amasosha omzimba . Oko kukuthi, izifo apho amajoni omzimba wethu ahlasela khona iiseli zethu. Ukuba sinezifo ezinjalo, umngcipheko wokufumana isifo sika-Addison uphezulu.
- Uhlobo lweswekile I
- I-anemia eyingozi
- Isifo samangcwaba
- I-thyroiditis engapheliyo
- I-Vitiligo - amabala amhlophe eluswini
- I-Myasthenia gravis
Zithini iimpawu zesifo sika-Addison?
Kwisifo sika-Addison, ukonakala kwamadlala e-adrenal kudla ngokuthatha ixesha elide kakhulu, ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ke ngoko, iimpawu zibonakala kancinci kancinci. Ezi mpawu zinokuhluka kumntu nomntu.
| Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezibonakala kancinci kancinci | |
|---|---|
| Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo | Ukudinwa okungapheliyo nokudinwa okukhulayo kancinci kancinci, okungachazekiyo. |
| Utshintsho lolusu | Ukwanda kombala wesikhumba, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezinezikrweqe, imiphetho yesikhumba (ezifana namakhwapha, imingxunya), kunye neentsini. |
| Inkqubo yokugaya ukutya | Intlungu yesisu, isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, urhudo, ukungabi namdla wokutya, kunye nokunciphisa umzimba. |
| Ezinye iimpawu | Iintlungu zemisipha namalungu, ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, isiyezi xa umile (ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi), ukucaphuka, ukudakumba, ukunqwenela ityuwa ngokugqithisileyo, kunye neswekile ephantsi egazini (hypoglycemia). |
Abafazi banokufumana iimpawu ezifana nokuya exesheni ngokungacwangciswanga, ukulahleka kweenwele emzimbeni, kunye nokuncipha komnqweno wesondo.
Imeko engxamisekileyo efuna ingqalelo: Ingxaki yaseAddisonian
Ngamanye amaxesha, ingakumbi emva kokosuleleka kakhulu, ingozi, okanye uxinzelelo olukhulu, ezi mpawu zinokuba nzima kakhulu ngequbuliso. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-Addisonian Crisis okanye i-acute adrenal failure . Le yimeko engxamisekileyo yezonyango efuna unyango olukhawulezileyo kwaye inokuba yingozi ebomini!
Iimpawu zengxaki ye-Addisonian:
- Ubuthathaka obunganyamezelekiyo nobungaqhelekanga.
- Intlungu ebuhlungu ngequbuliso, emqolo ongezantsi, esiswini, okanye emilenzeni.
- Utshintsho lwengqondo olufana nokungazoli, ukudideka, kunye neemvakalelo zokoyika.
- Ukuhlanza kakhulu kunye norhudo (oku kunokukhokelela ekuphelelweni ngamanzi emzimbeni ngokukhawuleza).
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi luyehla kakhulu.
- Ukulahlekelwa yingqondo.
Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo uhlangabezana nezi mpawu, mthathe ngoko nangoko aye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane.
Zithini izizathu zesifo sika-Addison?
Eyona nto iphambili neyona ixhaphakileyo yesifo sika-Addison kukusabela komzimba.. Ngamafutshane, inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela (inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela) ihlasela ngempazamo kwaye itshabalalise inxalenye engaphandle yamadlala ethu e-adrenal (i-adrenal cortex). Isizathu esichanekileyo sokuba oku kwenzeke asikaziwa okwangoku. Iimpawu ziqala ukubonakala emva kokuba malunga ne-90% yala madlala etshatyalalisiwe. Oku kungathatha iinyanga, okanye iminyaka.
Le yimbangela ye-75% yezigulane zika-Addison.
Ezinye izizathu ezingaqhelekanga:
- Isifo sephepha: Esi yayisisisizathu esikhulu kwixesha elidlulileyo. Sisesisizathu esibalulekileyo kumazwe asakhasayo.
- Usulelo oluphindaphindayo: Usulelo olunxulumene ne-HIV/AIDS kunye nosulelo lwefungus.
- Umhlaza: Ukusasazeka kweeseli zomhlaza ezivela kwenye indawo ukuya kwiindlala ze-adrenal.
- Ukopha igazi kwiindlala zeadrenal.
- Ukususwa kweendlala ze-adrenal ngotyando.
- I-Amyloidosis: Isifo apho uhlobo oluthile lweproteni luqokelelana kwizitho zomzimba luze luzitshabalalise.
Ungasixilonga njani esi sifo? (Ukuxilongwa)
Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu zivela kancinci kakhulu kwaye ziqhelekile kwezinye izifo ezininzi, isifo sika-Addison kunokuba nzima ukusifumanisa kwizigaba zokuqala. Ngokuqhelekileyo, esi sifo sifunyanwa "ngokungacwangciswanga." Oogqirha banokukukrokrela oku ukuba bafumana amanqanaba aphantsi esodium kunye namanqanaba aphezulu e-potassium egazini ngexesha lovavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo lwesinye isifo. Kwakhona, i-hyperpigmentation yolusu luphawu olukhulu olukhokelela ekukrokrelweni kwesi sifo.
Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela oku ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho, uza kuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa isifo.
Uvavanyo lokuxilonga:
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Uvavanyo lwegazi lulinganisa amanqanaba e-sodium, i-potassium, i-cortisol, kunye nee-hormone ze-ACTH. Kwisifo sika-Addison, i-cortisol iphantsi kwaye amanqanaba e-ACTH aphezulu.
- Uvavanyo lokukhuthaza i-ACTH: Olu lolona vavanyo luphambili olusetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Kolu vavanyo, i-hormone ye-ACTH yokwenziwa inikwa njengenaliti, kwaye inqanaba le-cortisol egazini lakho lilinganiswa malunga neyure kamva. Ukuba amadlala akho e-adrenal aphilile, inqanaba lakho le-cortisol kufuneka linyuke. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba alisebenzi, liqinisekisa ukuba amadlala akho e-adrenal awasebenzi kakuhle.
- Uvavanyo lwe-hypoglycemia olubangelwa yi-insulin: Olu vavanyo lwenzelwe ukufumanisa ukuba iimpawu zakho zibangelwa yingxaki kwi-pituitary gland.
- I-CT scan: I-CT scan ingenziwa ukujonga ukuba amadlala akho e-adrenal onakele, asulelekile, okanye anciphile ubungakanani bawo.
Iphathwa njani?
Eyona ndlela iphambili yokunyanga isifo sika-Addison kukuba,Unyango Lokutshintshwa Kwehomoni (HRT) yinkqubo yokutshintsha iihomoni ezingonelanga emzimbeni ngendlela yeepilisi zokwenziwa.
Ngenxa yokuba esi sisifo esinganyangekiyo, kuya kufuneka usele eli yeza ubomi bakho bonke .
- Kunikwa iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-hydrocortisone endaweni yehomoni i- cortisol .
- Kunikwa iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi -fludrocortisone endaweni yehomoni i- aldosterone .
Umthamo wala mayeza uyahluka kumntu nomntu. Kwakhona, ugqirha wakho unokunyusa umthamo wakho okwethutyana ukuthintela ingxaki ye-Addisonian ukuba ufumana isiganeko esixinzelelekileyo, njengosulelo, ingozi, okanye utyando.
Ukuba usebenzisa i-fludrocortisone, ugqirha wakho uya kukucebisa ukuba wongeze ityuwa encinci ekutyeni kwakho, ingakumbi xa kushushu, kubila kwaye emva kokuzilolonga okunzima.
Ukuphila nesi sifo kunye noko kufuneka ukwenze
Ngonyango olufanelekileyo, umntu onesifo sika-Addison unokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo nobusempilweni . Nangona kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina idosi efanelekileyo yamayeza.
Ukuba umthamo weyeza uphezulu kakhulu, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana nokutyeba kakhulu, isifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini, i-osteoporosis, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu zinokubakho. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wakho rhoqo (ngokufuthi ingcali ye-endocrinologist) kwaye wenze uvavanyo oluyimfuneko ukuze kugcinwe umthamo ochanekileyo weyeza.
Izinto ekufuneka uzenze ukuze ukhuseleke:
- Soloko unxibe ikhadi lesazisi okanye isongo/umgexo wesilumkiso sezonyango. Oku kuya kunceda abasebenzi bezonyango bazi ukuba unesifo sika-Addison ukuba ulahlekelwa zingqondo ngexesha likaxakeka.
- Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba ne-cortisol shot esandleni xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo. Kwakhona, fundisa ilungu losapho okanye umntu omthandayo indlela yokukunika i-cortisol.
- Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba wenze ntoni xa uziva ugula okanye uxinezelekile kakhulu. Kwimeko ezinjalo, umthamo wamayeza akho unokufuneka uhlengahlengiswe.
- Qhubeka ubona ugqirha wakho.
Ukwazi ukuba unesifo esinganyangekiyo kunokubangela uxinezeleko ngokweemvakalelo. Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba isifo sika-Addison silawulwa kakuhle ngamayeza. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuhlala unxibelelana nogqirha wakho rhoqo kwaye ufumane unyango olufunayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Isifo sika-Addison sisifo apho ii-adrenal glands zingavelisi ngokwaneleyo iihomoni ezifana ne-cortisol kunye ne-aldosterone.
- Iimpawu eziphambili ziquka ukudinwa okungapheliyo ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo, ukuba mnyama kolusu neentsini, kunye nokunqwenela kakhulu ukutya okunetyuwa.
- "Ingxaki yeAddisonian" yimeko engxamisekileyo esongela ubomi efuna unyango olukhawulezileyo.
- Unyango kukuthatha iipilisi zehomoni eziphantsi ubomi bonke.
- Ngonyango olufanelekileyo, ungaphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo nobusempilweni ngokupheleleyo, kodwa kubalulekile ukuhlala unxibelelana nogqirha wakho.
- Ukuba unesi sifo, kubaluleke kakhulu kukhuseleko lwakho ukusoloko unxibe ikhadi lesilumkiso sezonyango okanye isongo kwaye ube nesicwangciso sexesha likaxakeka.
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