Ngaba unomhlaza we-adrenal gland yakho? Masithethe ngale nto (i-Adrenocortical Carcinoma)!

Ngaba uziva iintlungu zesisu okanye ukunyuka kobunzima ngequbuliso? Ngamanye amaxesha oku kunokubangelwa yimeko esingathethi kakhulu ngayo, kodwa kubalulekile ukuyazi. Yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -Adrenocortical Carcinoma . Ungakhathazeki, igama lisenokuvakala liyinkimbinkimbi kancinci, kodwa masiyigcine ilula.

Yintoni i-Adrenocortical Carcinoma?

Ngamafutshane, i-adrenocortical carcinoma ngumhlaza okhula kumaleko wangaphandle wee -adrenal glands zakho, i-adrenal cortex . Cinga ngala ma-glands njengeengubo ezimbini ezincinci phezu kwezintso zakho. Zibaluleke kakhulu kuba zivelisa iihomoni ezilawula izinto ezininzi emzimbeni wethu, kubandakanya imetabolism yethu, uxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye nendlela esisabela ngayo kuxinzelelo.

Ngoku, kule meko ye-adrenocortical carcinoma, iithumba ezinomhlaza ziyakhula kwezi glands ze-adrenal. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi thumba zinokuvelisa inani elingaqhelekanga leehomoni. Emva koko iihomoni emzimbeni ziyanda kakhulu, nto leyo enokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwemizimba yethu. Ezinye iithumba zinokukhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye zinokubeka uxinzelelo kwamanye amalungu angqongileyo. Nangona oogqirha ngamanye amaxesha banokunyanga le meko, ngamanye amaxesha esi sifo sinokubuya.

Nangona le meko ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala, ngamanye amaxesha inokuvela kubantwana abancinci. Nangona kunjalo, kweli nqaku, siza kugxila kakhulu kwi-adrenocortical carcinoma, echaphazela abantu abadala.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ze-adrenocortical carcinoma?

Ewe, zimbini iintlobo eziphambili. Iimpawu zezi ntlobo zimbini nazo zahlukile.

1. Ii-tumor ezisebenzayo: Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo. Ezi tumor zivelisa iihomoni ezininzi ezifana ne -aldosterone , i-cortisol , i-estrogen, kunye ne -testosterone kunokuba kufanele. Ngoko ke, iimpawu zixhomekeke kuhlobo lwehomoni eveliswa ngokugqithisileyo.

2. Iithumba ezingasebenziyo: Ezi thumba azichaphazeli ukuveliswa kweehomoni. Nangona kunjalo, zinokukhula zibe nkulu kwaye zicinezele amalungu kunye nezicubu ezingqongileyo, nto leyo ebangela ukungonwabi.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

Enyanisweni, lo ngumhlaza ongaqhelekanga kakhulu . Nangona lolona hlobo lomhlaza luqhelekileyo oluvela kwi-adrenal glands, aluqhelekanga kakhulu ngokubanzi. Kuphela ngumntu omnye kwisigidi ofunyaniswa enale sifo minyaka le. Ngoko ke musani ukoyika ngenxa yeli gama.

Zithini iimpawu ze-adrenocortical carcinoma?

Kuyamangalisa indlela abanye abantu abanalo mhlaza ngayo kodwa bengenazo iimpawu.Ayiveli. Izifundo zibonise ukuba phakathi kwama-20% nama-30% ezi zigulana zifunyaniswa ngengozi ngexesha lovavanyo lwesinye isifo.

Nangona kunjalo, xa kuvela iimpawu, unokubona izinto ezifana nezi:

• Intlungu yesisu okanye ukungakhululeki.
• Ukukhula kweenwele okungaqhelekanga ebusweni okanye emzimbeni wabasetyhini (i-hirsutism). Kungavakala ngathi intshebe yendoda iyakhula.
• Amabele amakhulu kumadoda (iGynecomastia).
• Igazi elonyukayo.
• Iswekile ephezulu egazini.
• Ukwanda kobunzima, ingakumbi ebusweni, entanyeni nasesinqeni. Kungathi umntu ukhule ngequbuliso.

I-adrenocortical carcinoma inamandla kangakanani?

Lo ngumhlaza onzima kakhulu . Oku kuthetha ukuba ithumba linokukhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye lisasazeke (lisasazeke) ngaphandle kwe-adrenal gland liye kwamanye amalungu omzimba, njengemiphunga namathambo. Xa sele lisasazekile, kuba nzima nangakumbi ukulinyanga.

Zithini izizathu ze-adrenocortical carcinoma?

Abaphandi abakafumani unobangela ochanekileyo . Abanye abantu bakhula ngenxa yeemeko ezithile zemfuza ezidluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba kukho umntu kusapho onale meko, nabanye basengozini enkulu yokuba nayo.

Kwezinye iimeko, utshintsho oluthile lwezakhi zofuzo lubonakala lunyusa umngcipheko. Umzekelo, uphando lufumanise ukuba utshintsho kwizakhi zofuzo ezithintela ithumba (TP53) kunye ne (IGF2) lunokukhokelela kulo mhlaza. Ngamafutshane, izakhi zofuzo ezithintela ithumba ziizakhi zofuzo ezilawula ukukhula kweeseli zethu. Ukuba kukho utshintsho kwezi zakhi zofuzo, iiseli zinokwahlukana kwaye zande ngokungalawulekiyo kwaye zibe ngumhlaza.

Ziziphi iimeko zelifa ezindisa umngcipheko wam?

Usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana i-adrenocortical carcinoma ukuba unenye yezi meko zilandelayo zelifa:

• isifo sikaBeckwith-Wiedemann
• Indawo kaCarney
• I-Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP)
• Isifo seLi-Fraumeni
• Isifo seLynch
• Uhlobo 1 lwe-neoplasia ye-endocrine ehlukahlukeneyo (MEN1)
• Uhlobo lwe-Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1)
• Isifo sikaVon Hippel-Lindau (isifo sikaVHL)

Ukuba kukho nabani na kusapho lwakho onale ngxaki, kungangcono uthethe nogqirha uze ufunde ngovavanyo lwemfuza.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ze-adrenocortical carcinoma?

Lo mhlaza usasazeka ngokukhawuleza kakhulu.Ewe. Kunokuba nzima kakhulu ukunyanga xa isasazeka ngaphandle kwe-adrenal gland. Kwakhona, ezinye iithumba ezivelisa iihomoni zinokubangela iimeko ezifana nezi:

• I-Cushing's syndrome: Oku kubangelwa ziindlala ze-adrenal ezivelisa i-cortisol eninzi kakhulu. Iimpawu ziquka ubuso obudumbileyo kunye nomzimba odumbileyo.
• I-Conn's syndrome: Le meko ibangelwa kukuveliswa kakhulu kwehomoni i-aldosterone. Inokubangela izinto ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.

Ifunyaniswa njani i-adrenocortical carcinoma? (Ukuxilongwa)

Ukuba ufunyaniswa une-adrenal tumor ngexesha lovavanyo lwenye imeko, okanye ukuba uneempawu ezichazwe apha ngasentla, ugqirha wakho uya kwenza uvavanyo olufana nolu:

• Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso: Uvavanyo olufana ne-MRI scan, i-CT scan, okanye i-PET scan ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho iithumba na.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi kunye nohlalutyo lomchamo: Jonga amanqanaba eehomoni zakho.
• I-Biopsy: Olu vavanyo lwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba ithumba linomhlaza okanye akunjalo kunye nokufumana iisampulu zezicubu.

Zithini izigaba ze-adrenocortical carcinoma?

Oogqirha basebenzisa uhlalutyo lomhlaza ukucwangcisa unyango kunye nokufumanisa ukuba yintoni abanokuyilindela emva konyango (ukuxela kwangaphambili). Inqanaba le-adrenocortical carcinoma limiselwa bubungakanani bethumba, indawo elikuyo, kunye nokuba lisasazeke na kwii-lymph nodes ezikufutshane okanye kwizitho ezikude.

Nazi izigaba eziphambili:

• Inqanaba lokuQala: Ithumba limalunga neesentimitha ezi-5 (malunga neesentimitha ezi-2) okanye ncinane. Alisasazekanga ngaphandle kwe-adrenal gland.
• Inqanaba lesiBini: Ithumba likhulu kuneesentimitha ezi-5, kodwa alikasasazeki ngaphaya kwe-adrenal gland.
• Inqanaba lesi-3: Ithumba lisasazeke kwiindawo ze-lymph ezikufutshane.
• Inqanaba lesi-4: Ithumba lisasazeke kwiindawo ze-lymph ezikufutshane, kwizitho ezikufutshane, okanye kwizitho ezikude.

Ulwazi malunga nenqanaba lomhlaza ngamanye amaxesha lunokubonakala ludida. Ngoko ungaze ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha wakho ukuba akucacisele. Kwakhona, buza ukuba oku kuyichaphazela njani imeko yakho.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-adrenocortical carcinoma?

Olona nyango luqhelekileyo yi -adrenalectomy , equka ukususwa kwedlala elinye okanye omabini amadlala e-adrenal ngotyando. Ukongeza, oogqirha badla ngokunika amayeza anjengala:

• iMitotane (Mitotane (Lysodren®)):Eli yeza lisebenza ngokunciphisa ukusebenza kwee-adrenal glands. Oku kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokubuya komhlaza. Eli yeza lisetyenziswa emva kokuba i-adrenal gland isusiwe, okanye xa utyando lungenakwenzeka. Ngenxa yokuba eli yeza lithintela ukuveliswa kweehomoni, abantu abalisebenzisayo kufuneka bathathe iipilisi zeehomoni.
• I-Metyrapone (i-Metopirone®): Olu hlobo lwamayeza lunokunikwa ukunciphisa iimpawu ezibangelwa kukuveliswa kakhulu kweehomoni ngama-ovari.

Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, ithumba lisenokuba likhulu kakhulu ukuba lingasuswa ngokukhuselekileyo ngotyando xa isifo sifunyenwe. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, oogqirha banokusebenzisa i-chemotherapy . Nangona olu nyango lungenakuyiphelisa ngokupheleleyo ithumba lomhlaza, lunokunciphisa iimpawu kwaye lunciphise ukukhula kwethumba.

Usenokufuna ukuqwalasela unyango oluthomalalisa iintlungu njengenxalenye yonyango lwakho. Unyango oluthomalalisa iintlungu luhlobo lonyango olunceda ukulawula iimpawu kunye nemiphumo emibi yonyango. Iingcali zonyango oluthomalalisa iintlungu zinokukunika inkxaso yengqondo neyeemvakalelo.

Zithini iingxaki okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?

Utyando kunye namayeza kunokubangela iingxaki ezahlukeneyo okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Umzekelo, utyando lokususa i-adrenal gland lunokubangela izinto ezifana nezi:

• Iziphumo ekuvelisweni kweehomoni: Ngokwesiqhelo, i-adrenal gland eseleyo ithatha umsebenzi we-gland esusiweyo kwaye ivelise iihomoni ezaneleyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba oku akwenzeki, unokufuna ukuthatha iipilisi ezongezelelweyo zeehomoni de i-gland eseleyo ivelise iihomoni ngokufanelekileyo. Le meko ikwabizwa ngokuba yi -adrenal insufficiency .
• Usulelo: Usulelo lunokwenzeka esiswini okanye kwindawo yotyando.
• Ukopha kakhulu: Oku kungenzeka ngexesha lotyando okanye emva kwalo.

Zithini iingxaki okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zale mithi?

Ugqirha wakho angacebisa ukuba uthathe i-mitotane iminyaka emibini ukuya kwemihlanu emva kotyando. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-mitotane zingabandakanya:

• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
• Urhudo
• Irhashalala lolusu
• Ukudideka

Zithini izinga lokusinda kwi-adrenocortical carcinoma?

Lilonke, ama-50% abantu abane-adrenocortical carcinoma bayaphila emva kweminyaka emihlanu bexilongiwe. Nangona kunjalo, eli nani lokusinda lixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Umzekelo:

• Inqanaba lomhlaza ngexesha lokuxilongwa.
• Nokuba ithumba liyasebenza (livelisa iihomoni) okanye alisebenzi.
• iminyaka yakho.
• Impilo yakho iyonke.

Izinga lokusinda kweminyaka emihlanu ngesigaba ngasinye lilandelayo:

• Isigaba sokuQala: 81%
• Isigaba sesiBini: 61%
• Isigaba sesiThathu: 50%
• Inqanaba lesi-4: 13%

Ezi zibalo zinokukwenza uzive usoyika kwaye uxhalabile. Yinto eqhelekileyo leyo. Kodwa khumbula, ezi zibalo zisekelwe kumava adlulileyo. Iingcali zilinganisa la mazinga okusinda rhoqo emva kweminyaka emihlanu. Kuninzi okunokutshintsha kwiminyaka emihlanu, kwaye olo tshintsho lunokuchaphazela iziphumo. Kwakhona, khumbula ukuba la mazinga okusinda ayiloqikelelo lokuba uza kuphila ixesha elingakanani.

Ukuba unemibuzo ethile malunga namazinga okusinda komhlaza, thetha nogqirha wakho. Nguye oyena mthombo wakho ubalaseleyo, njengoko eyazi kakuhle imeko yakho.

Ngaba i-adrenocortical carcinoma ingathintelwa?

Hayi, ayinakuthintelwa ngokwenene. Abaphandi bayazi ukuba malunga nesiqingatha se-adrenocortical carcinomas zibangelwa ziinguqu kwiijini ezithile ezibangela ukuba iiseli zomhlaza zande kwaye zenze iithumba. Nangona kunjalo, abakayazi ukuba yintoni ebangela ezi nguqu. Ngenxa yoko, abanakucebisa iindlela zokuthintela ukuba zenzeke.

Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iimeko zofuzo ziyandisa umngcipheko wokuba nesi sifo. Ukuba unembali yosapho lwakho yezi meko, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha uze ufunde ngovavanyo lwemfuza olunokuchonga utshintsho lwemfuza olubangela ezi meko.

Ndingazinyamekela njani? (Ndizinyamekela njani?)

I-Adrenocortical carcinoma ngumhlaza ongaqhelekanga, ohlala uphindaphinda. Ezi ngxaki zimbini zinokukwenza uzive usoyika, unesizungu, kwaye uxhalabile. Ngethamsanqa, kukho amanyathelo athile onokuwathatha ukunceda:

• Fumana inkxaso: Buza iqela lakho lezonyango malunga namaqela enkxaso kubantu abane-adrenocortical carcinoma. Ukuchitha ixesha nokuthetha nabantu abadlula kwizinto ezifanayo nawe kunokuba luncedo.
• Cinga ngeenkqubo zokusinda kumhlaza: Abantu abaninzi abane-adrenocortical carcinoma bayoyika ukuba umhlaza uza kubuya. Iinkqubo zokusinda kumhlaza zezinye zezixhobo zokunceda ukujongana nolo xinzelelo.
• Qhubeka nonyango lokudambisa iintlungu: Ukuba une-chemotherapy emva kotyando, unokufuna uncedo lokulawula iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha wam?

I-Adrenocortical carcinoma idla ngokuvela kwakhona, ingakumbi kwiminyaka emibini yokuqala emva kotyando. Ugqirha wakho uza kucwangcisa amadinga okulandela ukuze ajonge iimpawu zesifo ezibuyayo. Umzekelo:

• Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso: Rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintathu kangangeminyaka emibini, uze emva koko emva kweenyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu eminye iminyaka emithathu.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Ugqirha wakho uza kwenza uvavanyo lwegazi rhoqo ukujonga amanqanaba eehomoni.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

I-Adrenocortical carcinoma sisifo esingaqhelekanga. Usenokuba nemibuzo emininzi malunga nokuba ungalindela ntoni. Nazi ezinye zemibuzo esicinga ukuba ungazifumana ziluncedo:

• Kuthetha ukuthini xa ithumba lisebenza okanye lingasebenzi?
• Ingaba ithumba lisasazeke ngaphandle kwe-adrenal gland yam? Ukuba kunjalo, lide kangakanani?
• Ziziphi iindlela zonyango endinazo?
• Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?
• Ngaba kufuneka ndifumane uvavanyo lwemfuza ukuze ndibone utshintsho lwemfuza olubangela i-adrenocortical carcinoma kusapho lwam?
• Ukuba unyango luphumelele, angakanani amathuba okuba ithumba libuye?

I-Adrenocortical carcinoma ngumhlaza ongaqhelekanga nonobundlongondlongo ochaphazela i-adrenal gland yakho. Isenokungabangeli zimpawu, kwaye abantu abaninzi bafunyanwa ngexesha lovavanyo lwemeko eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Usenokuba nexhala kwaye woyike malunga nokufunyaniswa kwakho kunye neendaba zokuba i-adrenocortical carcinoma yakho inokubuya emva konyango.

Ukuba uziva uxinezelekile yile meko, zinike ixesha olifunayo ukuze uqonde okwenzekayo. Ungaze unqikaze ukubuza imibuzo malunga nonyango kunye nendlela oluza kukuchaphazela ngayo. Oogqirha bakho baya kuqonda ukuba kutheni uneemvakalelo ezithile. Baya kuba lapho ukuphendula imibuzo yakho, ukususela ekuxilongweni, ngonyango, kunye neminyaka yokulandelela.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Nangona i-adrenocortical carcinoma yimeko enzima, kubalulekile ukuba uyazi, ufumane iingcebiso zonyango ezifanelekileyo, kwaye ufune inkxaso.

• Lo ngumhlaza ongaqhelekanga: ngoko ke musa ukudimazeka ligama.
• Lumka ngeempawu: Lumka izinto ezifana nokuphazamiseka kwesisu, ukunyuka kobunzima okungaqhelekanga, kunye notshintsho lweehomoni.
• Funa ingcebiso yezonyango ngoko nangoko: Ukuba unamathandabuzo, bona ugqirha uze uhlolwe.
• Kukho unyango: utyando, amayeza, i-chemotherapy, njl. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi unyango olulungele wena.
• Inkxaso yengqondo ibalulekile: Awuwedwa kolu hambo. Thetha nosapho, abahlobo kunye namaqela enkxaso.

Khumbula, isigulana ngasinye sahlukile. Imeko yakho, unyango lwakho, kunye nohambo lwakho lokuchacha zihlukile. Ungaze ulahle ithemba. Sebenzisana ngokusondeleyo neqela lakho lezonyango kwaye ujongane nalo mceli mngeni ngesimo sengqondo esihle.

I -Adrenocortical carcinoma, umhlaza we-adrenal, i-adrenal gland tumor, i-hormone producing tumor, i-cortisol, i-aldosterone, utyando lwe-adrenal, i-mitotane