Konke okufuneka ukwazi malunga nexabiso le-ALP kwingxelo yakho yegazi (i-Alkaline Phosphatase - ALP)

Ngaba wakha wavavanywa igazi, wathabatha ingxelo, wajonga oonobumba namanani kuyo, waza wacinga, "Yintoni le?" Phakathi koonobumba abaninzi abafana no-ALT, AST, kunye no-GGT, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukhe wabona ixabiso elibizwa ngokuba yi-"ALP." Abantu abaninzi bayaxhalaba kancinci xa bebona oku. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngento le Alkaline Phosphatase, okanye i-ALP ngamafutshane, eyiyo, into eyifunayo kolu vavanyo, kunye nento ekufuneka siyazi xa ixabiso layo litshintsha.

Yintoni kanye kanye i-ALP?

Ngamafutshane, iAlkaline Phosphatase (ALP) yienzyme efumaneka kuyo yonke imizimba yethu. Ienzyme luhlobo olukhethekileyo lweproteni olufumaneka ngaphakathi kwiiseli zethu. Njengomatshini oqhuba ngesantya esiphezulu kumzi-mveliso, ezi enzymes zinceda kwaye zikhawulezise iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zeekhemikhali emizimbeni yethu. Kukho amawaka ezi enzymes emizimbeni yethu.

Nangona oogqirha bebephanda nge-ALP kangangeminyaka, abakayazi ngokuqinisekileyo i-100% ukuba yintoni kanye kanye umsebenzi wayo. Nangona kunjalo, kufunyenwe ukuba ibandakanyeka kwiinkqubo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo emzimbeni.

Xa kuthethwa nge-ALP, idla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi- "enzyme yesibindi." Isizathu soku kukuba i-ALP ifumaneka kakhulu kwisibindi sethu. Kodwa ayipheleli nje kwisibindi. Ifumaneka nakwezinye iindawo.

• Imibhobho yakho yenyongo: Iityhubhu ezithwala inyongo eveliswa sisibindi ukuya kwinyongo, apho igcinwa khona.
• Emathanjeni akho: Oko kuthetha ukuba emathanjeni akho.
• Izintso.
• Amathumbu.
• I-Placenta yoomama abakhulelweyo.

Ngoko ke, ukuba inqanaba le-ALP egazini lakho liphezulu okanye liphantsi ngendlela engaqhelekanga, luphawu lokuba kusenokubakho umonakalo okanye utshintsho kwinkqubo ethile kwenye yezi zitho.

Yintoni uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-ALP?

Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-ALP lulinganisa ubungakanani be-ALP egazini lakho. Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, nangona i-ALP ifumaneka kuwo wonke umzimba, imithombo emibini ephambili ye-ALP eqokelelana egazini sisibindi namathambo. Ke ngoko, ukuba inqanaba le-ALP egazini liphezulu, inokuba luphawu lwesifo sesibindi okanye isifo esithile samathambo. Kodwa khumbula, uvavanyo lwe-ALP lodwa alunakukwazi ukufumanisa isifo.

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zovavanyo lwe-ALP.

1. Uvavanyo lwe-ALP oluqhelekileyo: Olu lolona vavanyo luqhelekileyo olwenziwayo. Ngokwesiqhelo, ukuba ugqirha ukucela ukuba wenze i-`Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP)` okanye i-`Liver Panel (LFT)`, ejonga isibindi, ngokuqinisekileyo iya kubandakanya ixabiso le-ALP.

2. Uvavanyo lwe-ALP isoenzyme:Olu luvavanyo olukhethekileyo. Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwe-ALP lukuxelela kuphela ukuba ingakanani i-ALP egazini lakho. Kodwa olu vavanyo lwe-isoenzyme lunokukuxelela ngqo ukuba i-ALP engaphezulu egazini lakho ivela kwisibindi sakho, emathanjeni, okanye kwenye indawo. Ukuba inqanaba lakho le-ALP liphezulu kakhulu, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela olu vavanyo ukuze afumane unobangela ochanekileyo. Kodwa luyinkimbinkimbi kwaye lubiza kakhulu, ngoko ayizizo zonke iilabhoratri ezikwenzayo oko.

Kutheni silufuna olu vavanyo lwe-ALP?

Kusenokuba nezizathu ezininzi zokuba ugqirha wakho angayalela uvavanyo lwe-ALP.

• Uvavanyo: Ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba akukho zimpawu, i-ALP ijongwa njengenxalenye yengxelo yakho yonyaka ye-CMP okanye ye-LFT ukuze ufumane ulwazi malunga nengxaki esibindini okanye kwenye indawo ngaphambi kokuba kuvele iimpawu.
• Ukubeka esweni: Ukuba sele unesifo sesibindi okanye samathambo, olu vavanyo lukwasetyenziselwa ukujonga ukuba imeko iyaphucuka na, ihlala injalo, okanye iba mandundu na xa unyango luqhubeka.
• Njengoncedo ekuxilongweni: Ukuba uneempawu ezinxulumene nesifo sesibindi okanye samathambo, uvavanyo lwe-ALP luyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokuxilonga.

Iimpawu ezinokubangela ugqirha ukuba acinge ngovavanyo lwe-ALP

Ukuba uneempawu ezingezantsi, ugqirha wakho unokukuthumela kolu vavanyo.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi nangexesha lovavanyo lwegazi?

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukuxelela ukuba wenze olu vavanyo lwe-ALP njengenxalenye ye-CMP, kuya kufuneka uzile ukutya malunga neeyure ezili-10-12. Kodwa ungasela amanzi. Nangona kunjalo, xa uceliwe ukuba wenze uvavanyo lwegazi, ugqirha wakho uya kukunika imiyalelo ethile malunga nento omawuyenze ngaphambi kokuba yenziwe. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela loo miyalelo.

Ezi zizinto ezidla ngokwenzeka xa kutsalwa igazi.

1. Uza kuhlala esitulweni, kwaye umongikazi okanye igosa lezonyango liza kufumana umthambo olungeleyo engalweni yakho wokutsala igazi kuwo. Oku kuhlala kungaphakathi kwengqiniba yakho.

2. Emva kokufumana umthambo, hlamba loo ndawo kakuhle ngento efana nokuhlikihla utywala.

3. Emva koko, kufakwa inaliti encinci emthanjeni kwaye kuthathwa isampuli yegazi. Ngeli xesha, ungaziva ulunywa kancinci, njengokulunywa imbovane encinci.

4. Emva kokuqokelela isixa segazi esifunekayo sovavanyo kwityhubhu, susa inaliti uze ucinezele indawo apho igazi lithathwe khona ngekotoni.

5. Nje ukuba ukopha kuphele, kufakwa iplasta encinci kuloo ndawo uze umsebenzi ugqitywe.

Yonke le nkqubo ithatha ngaphantsi kwemizuzu emihlanu. Kunokubakho ukuqaqamba okuncinci kunye nokukrweleka apho igazi litsalwe khona. Kodwa oko kuya kuphela emva kosuku okanye ezimbini.

Uyiqonda njani imixholo yengxelo?

Ngokwesiqhelo ungayifumana ingxelo ngosuku olunye okanye ezimbini. Ingxelo iqulethe ulwazi olufana nolu:

• Igama lovavanyo (umz. iAlkaline Phosphatase).
• Isiphumo sakho (ixabiso le-ALP egazini lakho).
• Uluhlu oluqhelekileyo.
• Nokuba ixabiso lakho liqhelekile, liphezulu, okanye liphantsi.

Uluhlu olwamkelekileyo ngokubanzi luphakathi kweeyunithi zamazwe ngamazwe ezingama-44 ukuya kwi-147 ngelitha (44 ukuya kwi-147 IU/L). Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iindawo oku kukwathathwa njenge-30 ukuya kwi-120 IU/L.

Kwakhona, amaxabiso aqhelekileyo e-ALP ayahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubudala kunye nesini.

• Abantwana kunye nabantu abaselula: Abantwana kunye nabantu abakwishumi elivisayo banezinga eliphezulu le-ALP ngokwemvelo kuba amathambo abo ayakhula.
• Phakathi kweminyaka eli-15 ukuya kwengama-50 ubudala: Amadoda anezinga eliphezulu le-ALP kunabafazi.
• Ngokukhula: Amanqanaba e-ALP ayanda kancinci kwakhona njengoko sikhula.
• Ngexesha lokukhulelwa: Kuqhelekile ukuba oomama abakhulelweyo babe namanqanaba aphezulu e-ALP kuba i-ALP iveliswa kwi-placenta.
• Xa ukwaphuka kwethambo kuphola: Xa ithambo liphukile kwaye likhula kwakhona, amanqanaba e-ALP anokunyuka njengoko iiseli zethambo ziqala ukusebenza.

Kuthetha ukuthini ukunyuka kwe-ALP?

Ukuba inqanaba lakho le-ALP liphezulu, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba uzive ukhathazekile kancinci. Nangona kunjalo, into yokuqala ekufuneka uyikhumbule kukuba inqanaba le-ALP eliphakamileyo kancinci alisoloko libonisa isifo esinzulu. Ugqirha wakho unokugqiba ekubeni angalwenzi olunye uvavanyo aze ajonge inqanaba lakho le-ALP kwakhona emva kwexesha elifutshane.

Nangona kunjalo, inqanaba eliphezulu kakhulu le-ALP libonisa kakhulu umonakalo wesibindi okanye isifo samathambo. Ukuba ingxelo yakho ithi i-ALP iphezulu, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo (umz., uvavanyo lwe-isoenzyme, iiskeni zesibindi) ukuze kufunyanwe unobangela.

Izizathu eziphambili zokuba i-ALP inokwanda zingahlulwa zibe ngamacandelo amabini.

Izizathu ezinxulumene nesibindi kunye nemibhobho yenyongo

• I-Cholestasis yokukhulelwa: Ingxaki yesibindi enokwenzeka ngexesha lokugqibela lokukhulelwa.
• I-Cirrhosis yesibindi: Ukonakala kwesibindi okungapheliyo kwenzeka xa iiseli zesibindi zisifa kwaye zithatyathelw’ indawo zizicubu ezibomvu.
• IHepatitis: Ukudumba kwesibindi. Oku kunokubangelwa ziintsholongwane, utywala, okanye ezinye izizathu.
• Ukuvaleka kombhobho wenyongo: Ukuvaleka kombhobho othwala inyongo esibindini ngenxa yamatye enyongo, iithumba ezinomhlaza, okanye ezinye izizathu.
• I-Mononucleosis: Ekwaziwa ngokuba "sisifo sokuqabulana," olu sulelo lwentsholongwane ngamanye amaxesha lunokubangela ukudumba kwesibindi.

Izizathu ezinxulumene namathambo (amathambo)

• Isifo sePaget sethambo: Yimeko engaqhelekanga apho amathambo aqhekeka aze akhule kwakhona ngendlela engaqhelekanga.
• I-Osteogenic sarcoma: Uhlobo lomhlaza oluqala emathanjeni.
• Ukwanda kwethambo: Umhlaza ovela kwenye indawo, njengasebeleni okanye emiphungeni, usasazeka uye emathanjeni.
• I-Hyperparathyroidism: Ukwanda kwamanqanaba e-calcium egazini ngenxa yokukhutshwa kakhulu kweehomoni yi-parathyroid gland.
• I-Hyperthyroidism: Ukuveliswa kakhulu kweehomoni yi-thyroid gland.
• I-Osteomalacia: Imeko apho amathambo aba buthathaka aze aphuke lula ngenxa yokunqongophala kwevithamini D. Xa oku kusenzeka ebantwaneni, sibiza ngokuba yiRickets.
• Ukuphuka okuphilisayo.

Ziziphi izizathu ezinokubangela amanqanaba aphantsi e-ALP?

Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba amanqanaba e-ALP abe phantsi ngendlela engaqhelekanga, kodwa kukho izizathu ezininzi ezinokubangela oku.

• Ukungondleki: Ukungafumani izondlo ezaneleyo ezifunwa ngumzimba.
• Ukunqongophala kweZinc.
• Ukunqongophala kweMagnesium.
• I-Hypothyroidism: Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-thyroid gland.
• Izifo ezingaqhelekanga zemfuza: Iimeko ezingaqhelekanga kakhulu ezifana `neHypophosphatesia` kunye `neWilson disease`.

Ngaba kufuneka ndikhathazeke ukuba inqanaba lam le-ALP liphezulu okanye liphantsi?

Malunga nomntu omnye kwabangama-20 abaphilileyo unokufumana iziphumo zovavanyo ezingaphaya komlinganiselo oqhelekileyo. Ezinye izinto zinokuchaphazela amaxabiso e-ALP.

• Amayeza athile: Amanye amayeza, afana neepilisi zokulawula ukukhulelwa.
• Ukutya kwakho.
• Ukukhulelwa.
• Ubudala: Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, ixabiso labantwana abasakhulayo liphezulu.
• Impazamo eyenzekayo ngexesha lokuqokelelwa, ukuthuthwa, okanye ukuvavanywa kwesampuli yegazi.

Ngoko ke, ugqirha wakho akasoze enze isigqibo ngokusekelwe kwixabiso le-ALP kuphela. Uza kuqwalasela zonke ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Imbali yakho epheleleyo yezonyango.
• Ngawaphi amayeza owasebenzisayo ngoku?
• Ukuba ixabiso lakho le-ALP liphezulu okanye liphantsi kangakanani.
• Iziphumo zezinye iimvavanyo ezihlolwe kunye ne-ALP (umz. i-ALT, i-GGT, i-Bilirubin).
• Ngaba unazo naziphi na iimpawu?

Ukuhlanganisa konke oku kuya kugqiba ukuba ufuna uvavanyo olongezelelweyo okanye unyango.