Ingaba isifuba sakho siqhuma njengebhaluni? (I-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm) - Masithethe ngale nto!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva iintlungu esifubeni, entanyeni, okanye emhlathini? Okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla, okanye ukuziva ukrwitshwa xa uginya? Uninzi lwexesha, siyalibala ngezi zinto, sicinga ukuba ziqhelekile, mhlawumbi into efana ne-gastritis. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ezi zinokuba luphawu lwento efuna ingqalelo encinci. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngokudumba okufana nebhaluni okunokwenzeka kumthambo wegazi oyintloko esifubeni sethu, i-aorta . Kwizonyango, oku sikubiza ngokuba yi -'Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm' .

Yintoni le 'Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm'? Ngamafutshane...

Khawuthelekelele ukuba indlu yakho inenkqubo ephambili yokuhambisa amanzi. Yile ndlela esebenza ngayo i-aorta emzimbeni wethu. Lo ngumthambo omkhulu nobaluleke kakhulu othwala igazi lisuka entliziyweni liye emzimbeni wonke. Limile okwetyhubhu.

Ngoku, le `Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm` kuxa udonga lwe-aorta yakho oludlula esifubeni sakho (yiyo loo nto ibizwa ngokuba yi-`Thorax` okanye umgodi wesifuba) luba buthathaka luze luqhume njengebhaluni kwindawo enye. Abanye abantu bakubiza oku ngokuthi kukwanda okanye ukwanda komthambo. Ngokubanzi, ukuba loo nxalenye ye-aorta ibanzi ngaphezu kwama-50% obubanzi bayo obuqhelekileyo, siyithatha njenge-`Aneurysm`, okanye iqhuma/iqhuma. Olu ``bubanzi obuqhelekileyo`` lunokwahluka ukusuka kwindawo ukuya kwenye kwi-aorta.

Ezi ziqhuma zinokwenzeka naphi na kwi-aorta. Zihlala zisenzeka esiswini (sibiza ngokuba yi-'Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm'), kodwa umntu omnye kwabane unokufumana le meko esifubeni.

Ii-aneurysms ezincinci zisenokungafuni unyango olukhulu. Amayeza kunye novavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwemifanekiso (ezifana neeskeni) ukulawula imeko engaphantsi kunokwanela. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-aneurysm yakho inkulu okanye ikhula ngokukhawuleza, utyando lunokufuneka ukuthintela iingxaki ezisongela ubomi . Oogqirha baya kugqiba ngonyango olungcono kuwe kunye nexesha lokulwenza, kuba bafuna ufumane iziphumo ezilungileyo.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

Le meko, ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm', idla ngokuchaphazela abantu abaphakathi kwe-6 ne-10 kubantu abayi-100,000. Nangona kunjalo, kunzima ukuxela inani elichanekileyo, kuba uninzi lwexesha ezi aneurysms azibonisi zimpawu kwaye ngenxa yoko azibonakali. Malunga ne-20% yezigulana ezixilongiweyo ngoku zinembali yosapho yale meko, oko kuthetha ukuba kukho unxibelelwano lwemfuza.

E-United States kuphela, kuqikelelwa ukuba abantu abamalunga nama-30,000 bayafa minyaka le ngenxa yokuqhekeka okanye ukuqhekeka kwe-aorta, ngoko ke oku akuyonto ifanele ithathwe lula.

Ziziphi iimpawu ze-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm?

Ixesha elininzi, abantu abanale "aneurysm" abazi ngayo, kuba amaxesha amaninzi akukho zimpawu.Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ingabonisa iimpawu ezifana nale:

• Ukuziva intlungu emhlathini wakho, entanyeni, esifubeni, okanye emqolo ongasentla .
• Ubunzima bokuginya okanye intlungu xa uginya (ukuba i-aneurysm icinezela umphimbo wakho).
• Ukurhawuzelela kwelizwi (ukuba olu hlobo lwe-aneurysm lucinezela imithambo-luvo elawula ilizwi lakho).
• Ukukhohlela okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla (ukuba i-aneurysm icinezela indlela yakho yomoya).

Iimpawu zokuqhekeka kwe-aneurysm (`Ukuqhekeka`) okanye ukuqhekeka (`Ukuqhekeka`) - ezi zizinto ezingxamisekileyo!

Abantu abaninzi abanazo iimpawu, kwaye ngequbuliso i-aneurysm inokuqhuma okanye iqhekeke. Zombini ezi ziimeko ezingxamisekileyo zonyango ezifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo! Iimpawu ziqala ngequbuliso kwaye zinokuba nzima kakhulu. Ukuba wena okanye omnye umntu unezinye zezi mpawu , kufuneka uye esibhedlele ngoko nangoko :

• Intlungu enganyamezelekiyo esifubeni okanye emqolo. Abanye abantu bayichaza njengokuhlaba, ukukrazula, okanye ukuqhuma.
• Ukuba nesiyezi okanye ukuziva ngathi ujikeleza.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
• Isantya sentliziyo siyanda.
• Ukubila okugqithisileyo.
• Ukudideka.
• Ubunzima bokuthetha.
• Ukulahlekelwa ngumbono.
• Ubuthathaka okanye ukuba ndindisholo kwelinye icala lomzimba.

Kwimeko efana nale , yonke iyure nemizuzu iyabalwa. Okukhona ulibazisa ukufuna unyango, kokukhona amathuba okuba usindise ubomi bakho ancipha. Ngoko ke musa ukuthatha ezi mpawu lula.

Zithini izizathu ze-'Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm'?

Eyona nto ibangela i-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-Atherosclerosis. Ngamafutshane, oku kwenzeka xa ii-fatty deposits (i-plaque) ziqokelelana ngaphakathi kweendonga zemithambo yegazi yethu, zize zinciphe kancinci kancinci. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ezi deposits zamafutha zenza buthathaka iindonga ze-aorta, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuba kubekho i-aneurysm.

Ngokwesiqhelo, iindonga ze-aorta yethu ziqinile kwaye kufuneka zikwazi ukwanda nokuncipha njengoko kufuneka xa igazi lihamba. Cinga ngayo, le aorta kulapho igazi liphuma khona ngqo entliziyweni. Ngoko ke, kufuneka ikwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo oludalwa xa intliziyo ipompa igazi ngamandla.

I-aorta ephilileyo ingakwenza oku ngaphandle kweengxaki. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iindonga ze-aorta zibuthathaka, uxinzelelo oluvela entliziyweni lunokubangela ukuba inxalenye ye-aorta ivuvuke ngaphandle, yenze i-aneurysm. Olu vuvu aluqhelekanga, lutshintsha imo yombhobho we-aorta. Njengoko igazi liqhubeka lihamba kule vuvu, uxinzelelo olungakumbi lufakwa kwiindonga ezibuthathaka, luzenze buthathaka ngakumbi. Ngenxa yoko, iindonga ziyavuvukala ngakumbi. Okukhona i-aneurysm inkulu, kokukhona iba yingozi ngakumbi.

Zithini izinto ezibangela umngcipheko?

Nantoni na ebuthathaka iindonga ze-aorta inyusa umngcipheko wokuba ne-aneurysm. Ukongeza kwi-atherosclerosis, kukho nezinye izinto ezininzi ezinobungozi:

• `I-Aortitis`: Imeko yokuvuvukala eyenzeka kwi-aorta.
• `Isifo se-aortic valve yeBicuspid` : I-aortic valve yentliziyo inamaphecana amabini (ngesiqhelo kufuneka abe mathathu).
• Isifo semithambo yentliziyo (CAD) : Izifo ezinxulumene nemithambo yentliziyo ehambisa igazi kwimisipha yentliziyo.
• Ukuba nembali yosapho ene-aneurysm (imbali yosapho).
• Igazi elonyukayo .
• Isifo sikaLoeys-Dietz : Yimeko engaqhelekanga yemfuza ebandakanya izicubu ezidityanisiweyo.
• I-Marfan syndrome : Enye imeko yemfuza echaphazela izicubu ezinxibelelanayo.
• Ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-65 ubudala.
• Ukutshaya okanye ukusebenzisa nayiphi na imveliso yecuba.
• `Isifo seTurner` : Yimeko yemfuza echaphazela kuphela abasetyhini.
• I-Vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome : Isifo esingaqhelekanga sezicubu ezidityanisiweyo esichaphazela imithambo yegazi.

Ngaba i-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm isenokufunyanwa njengelifa?

Ewe, i-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm inokuhamba kwiintsapho. Oko kuthetha ukuba inokudluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. Abaphandi bafumanise utshintsho oluninzi lwezakhi zofuzo olunyusa umngcipheko. Kwezi, utshintsho kwi-ACTA2 gene lolona luxhaphakileyo.

I-ACTA2 gene ixelela umzimba wethu ukuba wenze iiproteni ezithile eludongeni lwemithambo yethu. Ezi proteni zinceda iindonga zemithambo yethu zigcine imo yazo ngokuxhasa uxinzelelo lwegazi elihamba ngazo. Ukuba kukho utshintsho kwi-ACTA2 gene, iindonga zemithambo yethu zinokwaluka kakhulu xa igazi lihamba kuzo.

Nangona kunjalo, awunakutsho ukuba ufumene i-genetic mutation ngenxa yokuba une-aneurysm. Nangona kunjalo, umngcipheko uphezulu. Ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho olusondeleyo (olunxulumene nebhayoloji) ukhe waba ne-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm, kulungile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho. Usenokucebisa novavanyo lwe-genetic .

Ivela phi le `Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm`?

Ezi zidalwa apho iindonga ze-aorta zibuthathaka khona. Izinto ezifana ne-'Atherosclerosis' (ii-fatty deposits) esithethe ngazo ngaphambili, okanye izifo zezicubu ezidityanisiweyo, zenza buthathaka iindonga ze-aorta, okwenza kube lula ukuba i-'Aneurysm' ivele.

Ubusazi na ukuba i-aorta yeyona mthambo wegazi mkhulu emzimbeni wethu? Ifana nentonga yokuhamba yakudala. Iqala entliziyweni, igobe phezulu, ize yehle ngesifuba nesisu. Iphela ngaphezulu kwenkaba.

Amaxesha amaninzi, i-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm ikhula kwi-ascending aorta okanye kwi-descending aorta. Amaxesha amaninzi, ikhula nakwinxalenye ye-aorta egobileyo - inxalenye ebonakala ngathi sisiphatho sentonga.

Ingakanani ingozi ye-'Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm'?

I-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm yimeko yezempilo enzulu. Kukho iingxaki ezininzi ezinokwenzeka:

• Ukuqhekeka kwe-Aneurysm.
• Ukuqhekeka kwe-aorta .
• Amahlwili egazi akheka kwindawo apho i-aneurysm ikhoyo aze aye kwezinye iindawo zomzimba (thromboembolism). La mahlwili egazi anokubangela izifo ezinzulu ezifana nestroke okanye i-mesenteric ischemia .
• Ukuvuselelwa kwevalvu ye-aorta .

Ezi ziimeko ezinzulu ngokwenene. Yiyo loo nto kufuneka silumke ngale 'Aneurysm'.

Ifunyanwa njani le `Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm`?

Amaxesha amaninzi, i-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm ifunyanwa ngengozi . Oku kuthetha ukuba ifunyanwa xa oogqirha besenza uvavanyo ngesinye isizathu. Umzekelo, i-X-ray yesifuba ingabonisa ukuba inxalenye ephakathi yesifuba sakho (i-mediastinum) ibanzi kunesiqhelo. Oku kungaba luphawu lwe-aneurysm.

Ukuba ugqirha wakho urhanela ukuba une-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm, nokuba yi-X-ray okanye ngezinye izizathu, uya kuyalela ezi mvavanyo zilandelayo:

• `I-computed tomography (CT) angiogram` : Le yi-CT scan ekhethekileyo.
• `I-Echocardiogram (i-echo)` : I-ultrasound scan yentliziyo.
• I-Magnetic resonance angiogram (MRA) : Iskeni esijonga imithambo yegazi sisebenzisa iteknoloji ye-MRI.
• I-ultrasound yesisu : Uvavanyo lwe-ultrasound lokujonga i-aneurysm kwi-aorta yesisu.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm?

Utyando lwe-Aorta lolona nyango luphambili noluhlala luhleli lwe-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm. Oogqirha basebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zotyando. Ezinye zazo ziquka:

• Utyando oluvulekileyo lwendabuko : Oku kubandakanya ukwenza umngxuma omde embindini wesifuba, ukususa inxalenye eyonakeleyo ye-aorta, kunye nokuyifaka endaweni yayo ityhubhu yokwenziwa (i-graft). Le ndlela isetyenziselwa ukunyanga ii-aneurysms kwi-aorta enyukayo, kunye nee-aneurysms ezintsonkothileyo esifubeni nasesiswini.
• Ukulungiswa kwe-Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) : Le yinkqubo yotyando engenelelayo kancinci . Oku kuthetha ukuba yenziwa ngaphandle kokwenza imingxunya emikhulu. Isetyenziselwa ukunyanga ii-aneurysms kwi-aorta ehlayo. Kule nkqubo, ugqirha wenza imingxunya emincinci kwi-groin yakho, asebenzise umthambo (umthambo we-femoral) odlula kuwo, aze asebenzise i-catheter (ityhubhu encinci) ukufaka i-graft kwi-aneurysm.
• Ukutshintshwa kweengcambu ze-Aortic: Olu tyando lwenziwa kwi-'Aneurysm' kwindawo apho i-aorta idibana khona nentliziyo ('ingcambu ye-Aortic'). Oku kunokubandakanya nokutshintsha ivalvu yakho ye-aortic. Okanye, 'iindlela zokugcina iivalvu' zingasetyenziswa ukugcina ivalvu yakho yendalo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, oogqirha botyando badibanisa iindlela ezingaphezu kwenye (umzekelo, utyando oluvulekileyo kunye nonyango lwe-endovascular) kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-aneurysm. Ukufumana unyango kwiziko le-aorta kwandisa ukhetho lwakho kunye namathuba akho okufumana iziphumo ezilungileyo.

Ndiza kuyidinga nini utyando?

Ugqirha uza kugqiba ukuba ufuna utyando na, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, nini, ngokuqwalasela ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ubungakanani kunye nendawo ye-aneurysm.
• Indlela ekhula ngokukhawuleza ngayo i-aneurysm .
• Ingaba i-aneurysm ibangela iimpawu nokuba zinzima kangakanani .
• Ezinye iimeko zempilo ezifihlakeleyo onazo.

Ukuba i-aneurysm inkulu okanye ibangela iimpawu, kunokufuneka utyando ukuze kuthintelwe ukuba ingadubuli. Ubungakanani be-aneurysm bubalulekile kuba xa inkulu, kokukhona amathuba okuba idubule. Ngokwesiqhelo, oogqirha baya kugqiba ekubeni benze utyando ukuba i-aneurysm iphakathi kwe-2 kunye ne-2.2 intshi (malunga ne-5 ukuya kwi-5.5 intshi) ububanzi, okanye ukuba ikhula ngesantya esimalunga nesiqingatha sesentimitha ngonyaka.

Kodwa, ayingobungakanani obubalulekileyo kuphela. Ukuba unesifo sokuqhambuka kwezicubu zomzimba, ivalvu ye-aortic ye-bicuspid, okanye ezinye izinto ezibangela umngcipheko wokuqhambuka okanye ukuqhekeka, ugqirha wakho unokugqiba ekubeni enze utyando ngokukhawuleza. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nobukhulu be-aneurysm yakho kunye nexesha apho utyando lunokufuneka khona.

"Ukulinda ngononophelo"

Ukuba i-aneurysm incinci kwaye ayinazo iimpawu, usenokungadingi utyando ngoko nangoko. Endaweni yoko, ugqirha wakho uza kujonga imeko yakho (oku kubizwa ngokuba kukulinda ukulinda). Banokukunika amayeza okunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki.

Umzekelo, ii-imaging scans zinokuodolwa rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezili-12 ukujonga utshintsho kwi-aneurysm. Unganikwa amayeza okunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi lakho kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo kwinxalenye ebuthathaka ye-aorta yakho. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utyando xa iingenelo zotyando zingaphezulu kweengozi .

Ngaba i-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm ingathintelwa?

Akukho ndlela ithile yokuthintela le meko. Nangona kunjalo, unganciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokuba ne-atherosclerosis (imbangela ephambili ye-aneurysms). Nazi ezinye izinto onokuzenza:

• Lawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi kunye namanqanaba e-cholesterol.
• Landela ukutya okunempilo kwentliziyo (umz., iMeditera ).
• Ziphephe zonke iimveliso zecuba.
• Fumana ubuncinci imizuzu eli-150 yokuzilolonga ngokulinganisela ngeveki (kodwa thetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqalise isicwangciso esitsha sokuzilolonga).
• Yiba novavanyo lwezonyango lonyaka, kwaye ubekho kuzo zonke iintlanganiso zokulandelela ezicwangcisiweyo.

Ungaphila ixesha elingakanani une-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm?

Ixesha lokusinda lixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka ubungakanani be-aneurysm kunye nokuba ingabangela iingxaki na. Ii-aneurysm ezinkulu zinokuba yingozi. Malunga nama-65% abantu abane-aneurysm enkulu, enganyangwanga, baphila unyaka emva kokuxilongwa. Ngama-20% kuphela abaphila iminyaka emihlanu.

Nangona kunjalo, ngonyango olufanelekileyo, ixesha lokuphila kwakho linokwanda kakhulu kwaye ungaphila ubomi obude nobunempilo. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba usemngciphekweni wokuba ne-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm kwaye usebenzisane nogqirha wakho ukulawula le meko.

Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Ukuba une-aneurysm, ugqirha wakho uza kukunika iingcebiso malunga nendlela yokuzinyamekela. Usenokuthetha izinto ezinje:

• Kuphephe ukuzilolonga okunzima. Izinto ezifana nokuphakamisa iintsimbi ezinzima okanye uqeqesho oluphezulu lwexeshana (HIIT) zinokubangela uxinzelelo olungakumbi kwimithambo yakho. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba zeziphi iintlobo zokuzilolonga ezikhuselekileyo kuwe.
• Kuphephe ukusebenzisa icuba. Icuba linyusa umngcipheko wezifo ezininzi zentliziyo. Ukuba utshaya okanye usebenzisa ezinye iimveliso zecuba, funa uncedo lokuyeka.
• Yenza utshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo. Kusenokufuneka unciphise ukutya ityuwa okanye wenze ezinye iinguqu ezilungileyo kwimpilo yemithambo yakho yegazi.
• Sela amayeza akho njengoko uyalelwe. Ungadinga amayeza okulawula iimeko zempilo ezifihlakeleyo. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba unemibuzo malunga nendlela yokusebenzisa la mayeza.
• Ziphephe izinto ezinyusa isantya sentliziyo. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-cocaine, i-amphetamines, kunye nezinye izongezo zemifuno.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha wam?

Bona ugqirha wakho ukuze akuxilonge rhoqo ngonyaka, kwaye ugcine onke amadinga akho okulandela. Fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba:

• Ukuba ubona iimpawu ezintsha okanye utshintsho kwiimpawu ezikhoyo .
• Ukuba iyeza libangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga .
• Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga nesicwangciso sakho sonyango.

Ndingaya nini kwigumbi likaxakeka (ER)?

Iimpawu ze-aneurysm eqhumayo okanye eqhumayoUkuba kunjalo, fowunela ku-911 (1990 eSri Lanka) okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka elikufutshane ngoko nangoko. Ezi ziimeko zikaxakeka zonyango ezifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo ukusindisa ubomi.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukuxelela ukuba une-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm, usenokungazi ukuba ubuze ntoni kuqala. Nazi ezinye zemibuzo onokuzibuza zona:

• Ingakanani i-aneurysm yam?
• Ingaba le mali iyinto ekufuneka ixhalatyelwe?
• Yintoni enokuba yabangela le `aneurysm`?
• Luhlobo luni lonyango olundicebisayo?
• Zeziphi iinguqu ekufuneka ndizenze kwindlela endiphila ngayo?
• Ndifanele ndize kangaphi ukuze ndifumane iimvavanyo zokulandelela?

Yintoni le 'aneurysm yeThoracoabdominal'?

Olu lukwaluhlobo lwe-'Aneurysm'. Olu lu-'Aneurysm' oludlula esifubeni sakho ('esinqeni') nasesiswini sakho ('esiswini'). Olu hlobo lubandakanya malunga ne-15% yazo zonke 'ii-Aneurysms' ezikhula kwi-aorta.

Ukufumanisa ukuba une-aneurysm esifubeni sakho kunokuba yinto eyoyikisayo. Mhlawumbi awukaze ucinge ngempilo yemithambo yakho okanye indlela esebenza ngayo. Okanye, mhlawumbi wazalwa unesifo sezicubu ezidityanisiweyo, ngoko ke uyazi kakuhle indlela esebenza ngayo ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho. Nokuba wazi ntoni na, ngoku lixesha lokufunda ngakumbi ngemeko yakho kwaye uthathe inyathelo lokunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki.

Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga noko unokukulindela ngokwemeko yakho. Uya kukwazi ukulungisa isicwangciso sonyango esihambelana neemfuno zakho, aphendule imibuzo yakho, aze akunike ulwazi oludingayo ukuze uqhubeke phambili.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm yimeko enzima. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuqaphela kwangethuba, iingcebiso zonyango ezifanelekileyo, kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo, unethuba elihle lokuphila ubomi obusempilweni nobude.

• Nika ingqalelo kwiimpawu: Musa ukuzityeshela izinto ezifana nentlungu yesifuba engxamisekileyo, enzima okanye emqolo.
• Zivavanye ukuba unezinto ezibangela umngcipheko: Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho oye waba nale meko, okanye ukuba une-high blood pressure okanye utshaya, funa ingcebiso kagqirha.
• Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo: thatha amayeza owanikwe ngugqirha, landela imiyalelo yokuzilolonga nokutya, kwaye uye kwiimvavanyo ezicwangcisiweyo kunye nemihlangano.
• Kuphephe ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo: Le yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo onokuzenza.

Ungakhathazeki, awuwedwa. Iqela lakho lezonyango likulungele ukukunceda. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwazi le meko kwaye ukhathalele impilo yakho ngenkuthalo.

I- Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm, i-aorta, iintlungu zesifuba, isifo sentliziyo, imithambo yegazi, i-aneurysm, utyando