Sonke siva isandi esingaphakathi esifubeni sethu esithi "lub-dub...lub-dub..." ngalo lonke ixesha, akunjalo? Eso sisandi sentliziyo yethu esibethayo. Le ntliziyo ngumatshini omangalisayo opompa igazi emzimbeni wethu wonke. Kodwa ukuze lo matshini usebenze kakuhle, ezinye zeengcango ezincinci ngaphakathi kuwo, okanye iivalvu, kufuneka zisebenze kakuhle. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngomnye wezona valve zibalulekileyo, "iAortic Valve," esebenza njengesango eliphambili elithumela igazi emzimbeni wethu.
Yintoni iValve yeAortic?
Ngamafutshane, ivalvu ye-aorta yenye yeevalvu ezine eziphambili entliziyweni yethu. Cinga ngentliziyo yethu njengendlu enamagumbi amane. Sibiza la magumbi mane ngokuthi:
- I-Atria: La ngamagumbi amabini aphezulu. I-atrium yasekunene kunye ne-atrium yasekhohlo.
- IiVentricles: Ezi ziigumbi ezimbini ezisezantsi. Iventricle yasekunene kunye neventricle yasekhohlo.
Njengoko igazi lihamba lisiya phambili nangasemva phakathi kwezi gumbi, ezi valves zilapho ukuthintela igazi ukuba lingabuyeli kwicala elingalunganga. Ezi valves zifana neengcango ezivuleka kwicala elinye kuphela.
Ivalvu ye-aorta ikwindawo ebaluleke kakhulu. Oko kukuthi, phakathi kwe-ventricle yasekhohlo, igumbi eliphambili elimpompa igazi elicocekileyo nelineoksijini emzimbeni wethu wonke, kunye ne-aorta, umthambo wegazi omkhulu othwala elo gazi emzimbeni wonke. Ngokuchanekileyo, le valve ye-aorta lisango eliphambili apho igazi liphuma khona entliziyweni.
Isebenza njani ivalvu ye-aorta? Ukuhamba kwegazi entliziyweni...
Ukuze sikuqonde oku, makhe sijonge indlela igazi elihamba ngayo ngaphakathi entliziyweni. Kulula kakhulu.
1. Okokuqala, igazi elisetyenzisiweyo emizimbeni yethu kwaye lineoksijini encinci liza kwicala lasekunene lentliziyo.
2. Icala lasekunene limpompa elo gazi liye emiphungeni. Imiphunga iphinda iphefumle elo gazi.
3. Igazi elitsha, elicocekileyo, elizele yioksijini, ngoku liza kwicala lasekhohlo lentliziyo.
4. Kulapho umlinganiswa wethu ophambili, ivalvu ye-aorta, eqala khona ukusebenza. Xa i-ventricle yasekhohlo kwicala lasekhohlo lentliziyo ifinyela ngamandla kwaye ikhupha igazi, ivalvu ye-aorta ivuleka ngokubanzi .
5. Ngevalvu evulekileyo, igazi elineoksijini lingena kwi-aorta, apho igazi lisasazwa khona emzimbeni wethu wonke ukusuka entloko ukuya ezinzwaneni.
6. Emva kokuba igazi likhutshiwe, ivalvu ye-aorta ivala ngoko nangoko . Iyavala ukuze igazi elingene kwi-aorta lingavuzi libuyele entliziyweni.
Le nkqubo yenzeka ngalo lonke ixesha intliziyo ibetha. Ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwevalvu ye-aorta yiyo eyenza inxalenye yesandi esithi "lub-dub". Ngoko ke ngoku ungabona ukubaluleka kwale genge incinci.
Zithini iindawo zevalvu ye-aorta?
Kwivalvu ye-aortic eqhelekileyo nephilileyo, kukho iziqwenga ezintathu ezibhityileyo neziqinileyo zezicubu esizibiza ngokuba “ziincwadana okanye ii-cusps.” Xa intliziyo ibetha, ezi ziqwenga zintathu zivuleka kakhulu ukuze igazi liphume, zize zivaleleke ngokuqinileyo.
Kodwa abanye abantu bazalwa benezi valve zimbini kuphela. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-bicuspid aortic valve . Nangona oku kungabangela ngxaki kangangeminyaka emininzi, ngamanye amaxesha kukho umngcipheko omncinci wokuba neengxaki zevalvu kwixesha elizayo.
Ziziphi iimeko ezichaphazela ivalvu ye-aorta?
Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ngenxa yezifo, okanye ngenxa yezizathu ezithile zokuzalwa, ivalvu ye-aorta inokuba yinto engasebenzi kakuhle. Kukho iingxaki ezininzi eziphambili ezinokubonwa.
| Imeko | Ngamafutshane, oku kwenzekayo. |
|---|---|
| Ukuvuselelwa kwevalvu ye-aortic | Ivalvu ayivali kakuhle. Cinga ngayo njengesitshixo socango esiphukileyo. Oku kubangela ukuba igazi elithile elingene kwi-aorta livuze libuyele kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo yentliziyo. Oku kubangela ukuba intliziyo isebenze nzima. |
| I-stenosis yevalvu ye-aortic | Iivalvu ezivalayo ziba nkulu, ziqine, kwaye azivuli kakuhle. Njengevalvu enomhlwa. Oku kunciphisa indawo yokuba igazi liphume entliziyweni. Kwimeko enjalo, intliziyo kufuneka isebenze nzima kakhulu ukutyhala igazi lidlule. |
| Ivalvu ye-aortic yeBicuspid | Le yimeko ebakho xa umntu ezalwa. Kukho iivalvu ezimbini kuphela endaweni yezintathu eziqhelekileyo. Nangona uninzi lwabantu lungenazo iingxaki, abanye abantu banokuba nokuncipha okanye ukopha njengoko bekhula. |
| I-Endocarditis | Olu lusulelo lwengaphakathi lentliziyo kunye neevalvu zayo. Le meko inokwenzeka xa iintsholongwane zingena egazini kwaye zonakalise ivalvu yentliziyo. |
Ngaba kukho unyango lwengxaki yevalvu?
Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Inkqubo yonyango ixhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nobunzima besifo, kunye nempilo yesigulana iyonke. Kwezinye iimeko ezingephi, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza, akucebise ukuba wenze utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo, aze akuhlole rhoqo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umonakalo kwivalvu unzima, utyando lunokufuneka. Namhlanje, kukho iindlela ezininzi eziphambili zokwenza oku.
Indlela entsha ebizwa ngokuba yi-TAVR
Enye yezi nkqubo zikhethekileyo yiTranscatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) .
Oku kubandakanya inkqubo encinci kakhulu, endaweni yotyando olukhulu olubandakanya ukuvula isifuba.
- Ugqirha uza kufaka i-catheter , ityhubhu encinci nethambileyo, ngemithambo yegazi emlenzeni okanye esifubeni sakho ukuya entliziyweni yakho.
- Ngaphakathi kweli tyhubhu, ivalvu entsha yokwenziwa ithunyelwa entliziyweni.
- Ivalvu entsha ifakwe kwindawo efanayo nevalvu endala eyonakeleyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ifuthwa ngento efana nebhaluni encinci ize ibekwe endaweni yayo.
- Emva koko ityhubhu iyasuswa.
Le ndlela ayinabungozi kangako kwaye ikhawuleza iphile kunotyando lwentliziyo oluvulekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ayifanelekanga kuye wonke umntu. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi unyango olulungele wena.
Ndingayigcina njani ivalvu yam ye-aortic kunye nentliziyo isempilweni?
Intliziyo yethu yinto ekufuneka siyinyamekele kakuhle. Ukulandela indlela yokuphila esempilweni kunokugcina kungekuphela nje imithambo yentliziyo, kodwa nentliziyo yonke isempilweni.
- Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni: Zama ukugcina ubunzima bomzimba obusempilweni obuhambelana nobude bakho kunye nobudala bakho.
- Yitya ukutya okunempilo nentliziyo: Yitya ityuwa encinci, ioyile, kunye neswekile, kwaye yongeza imifuno, iziqhamo, imifuno, kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo ezine-fiber ekutyeni kwakho.
- Ukuzilolonga: Yenza uhlobo oluthile lokuzilolonga olukwenza ubile, ubuncinane iintsuku ezi-5 ngeveki, ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku. Ukuhamba, ukubaleka, okanye ukudada zizinto ezilungileyo.
- Lawula uxinzelelo: Khulula ingqondo yakho ngezinto ezifana nokucamngca, i-yoga, ukuthetha nabahlobo, kunye nokuzibandakanya kwizinto ozithandayo.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo: Ukutshaya yenye yezona ntshaba zinkulu zentliziyo. Yeka umkhwa namhlanje.
Ukuba unesikrokro sokuba unesifo sentliziyo, iintlungu zesifuba, okanye iimpawu ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumla, musa ukulibazisa kwaye ubone ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Uza kwenza uvavanyo olufunekayo aze akunike iingcebiso ezifanelekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ivalvu ye-aorta yivalvu ebaluleke kakhulu ethintela igazi ukuba lingabuyeli umva njengoko intliziyo ipompa igazi emzimbeni wonke.
- Le valve inokuba ncinci (stenosis) okanye igazi livuza (regurgitation) ngenxa yokwaluphala, usulelo, okanye iziphene zokuzalwa.
- Lumka ukuba uneempawu ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumla, iintlungu zesifuba, okanye ukuquleka.
- Namhlanje, kukho unyango olusebenzayo lwezifo zevalvu, ukusuka kumayeza ukuya kutyando oluphambili olufana ne-TAVR.
- Imikhwa emihle yokuphila, njengokutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga rhoqo , nokuphepha ukutshaya, inokugcina intliziyo yakho kunye neevalvu zayo ziphilile ixesha elide.
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