Ngaba nawe unesifo sesifuba? Ngaba singafunda okungakumbi ngesifuba?

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva ngathi unengxaki yokuphefumla? Isifuba sakho sivakala siqinile, okanye uhlala ukhwehlela ebusuku? Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu ze- asthma . Namhlanje, masithethe nge- asthma ngamazwi alula, ukuba yintoni kanye kanye, ikhula njani, kwaye yintoni ekufuneka yenziwe ngayo.

Yintoni isifo sesifuba?

Ngamafutshane, isifo sesifuba sisifo esichaphazela imiphunga yakho. Abanye abantu basibiza ngokuba yi-'bronchial asthma'. Sisifo esingapheliyo . Oko kuthetha ukuba asipheli ngequbuliso, sisifo esiqhubekayo kwaye sifuna unyango. Kukho abantu abaninzi abane-asthma eSri Lanka, kuquka nabantwana abancinci. Ukuba asinyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, isifo sesifuba ngamanye amaxesha sinokuba yingozi ebomini , ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukukwazi oku.

Yintoni uhlaselo lwe-asthma?

Xa uphefumla ngendlela eqhelekileyo, izihlunu ezijikeleze iindlela zakho zomoya ziyakhululeka. Oku kuvumela umoya ukuba ungene kwaye uphume ngokulula. Kodwa xa uhlaselwa sisifo se-asthma, izinto ezintathu eziphambili zinokwenzeka:

• I-Bronchospasm: Oku kuxa izihlunu ezijikeleze iindlela zakho zomoya ziqina. Xa ziqina, iindlela zomoya ziyancipha, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuba umoya ungene kwaye uphume.
• Ukudumba : Ulwelo lweendlela zomoya luyadumba. Oku kudumba kunciphisa ubungakanani bomoya onokungena uphume emiphungeni.
• Ukuveliswa kweMucus: Ngexesha lohlaselo, umzimba wakho uvelisa imucus engakumbi. Le mucus ityebileyo inamathela kwimigudu yakho yomoya, ize iyivale.

Xa iindlela zomoya zixinene kangaka, wenza isandi 'sokutshaya umlozi' xa uphefumla, abanye bathi isandi 'sokutshaya umlozi'. Oku kubizwa ngokuba ' kukuphefumla ngokuphefumla ' . Ngamanye amaxesha uhlaselo lwe-asthma lubizwa ngokuba 'kukuxakeka' okanye 'ukuvutha'. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-asthma yakho iya isiba mandundu.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ze-asthma?

Ewe, isifo sesifuba sinokwahlulwa sibe ziintlobo ezahlukeneyo. Olu hlobo lusekelwe kwisizathu kunye nokuba iimpawu zinzima kangakanani. Oogqirha baxilonga isifo sesifuba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Isifuba esingapheliyo : Olu hlobo lwesifuba luyafika luze luphele. Oku kuthetha ukuba unokuba ngumntu oqhelekileyo phakathi kwamaxesha esifuba esinzima.
• Isifuba esingapheliyo: Kwimeko enjalo, uneempawu ezihlala zihleli. Ezi mpawu zinokuba zincinci, ziphakathi, okanye zibe nzima. Oogqirha bafumanisa ubunzima besifuba sakho ngokujonga ukuba uneempawu kangaphi kwaye ungenza njani ngokwesiqhelo emva kohlaselo.

Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba kutheni i-asthma ikhula:

• I-Allergic Asthma: Abanye abantu banokuba nohlaselo lwe-asthma ngenxa ye-allergies . Umzekelo, izinto ezifana nokungunda, i-pollens , i-pet dander, kunye ne-dust mites zinokubangela oku.
• Isifuba esingesosifo se-allergy: Isifuba sinokomelezwa zizinto zangaphandle. Izinto ezinje ngokuzilolonga, uxinzelelo , izifo ezithile, kunye notshintsho lwemozulu zonke ezi zinto zinokwenza isifuba sibe sibi kakhulu.

Ngaphezu koko, isifo se-asthma singahlukaniswa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Isifo sesifuba esiqala kubantu abadala : Olu hlobo lwesifo sesifuba luqala emva kweminyaka eli-18 ubudala.
• I-Asthma Yabantwana: Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-'Childhood Asthma '. Idla ngokuqala ngaphambi kokuba ifikelele kwiminyaka emi-5. Ngamanye amaxesha inokuchaphazela iintsana nabantwana abancinci. Khumbula ukuba abanye abantwana bayayeka ukuba ne-asthma njengoko bekhula. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umntwana wakho une-asthma, kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho ngezinto ezinje ngokuba kufuneka agcine i -inhaler kunye naye kunye nento anokuyenza ukuba uhlaselwa. Ugqirha wakho unokukuchazela iingozi.

Ukongeza, kukho neentlobo ze-asthma ezifana nezi:

• Isifuba esibangelwa kukuzilolonga: Oku kuyanda xa uzilolonga. Sikwabizwa ngokuba yi-"Exercise-induced Bronchospasm".
• Isifuba Somsebenzi:Oku kwenzeka kakhulu kubantu abachanabeka kwizinto ezicaphukisayo kwindawo abasebenza kuyo. Umzekelo, abantu abasebenza kwezinye iifektri okanye kwiindawo zokusebenza zezolimo banokuba semngciphekweni.
• Isifo Sokungqubana Kwesifuba Ne-COPD (ACOS): Oku kwenzeka xa une-asthma kunye nesifo esingapheliyo sokuvaleka kwemiphunga (COPD). Zombini ezi meko zibangela ubunzima bokuphefumla.

Ngubani onokuhlakulela isifo sesifuba?

Enyanisweni, nabani na unokuba nesifo se-asthma nokuba uneminyaka emingaphi. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abane-allergies kunye nabo bachanabeka kumsi wecuba basengozini enkulu yokuba nesifo se-asthma. Oku kuquka 'umsi otshayiweyo' (`(Umsi otshayiweyo)`), okukuphefumla umsi xa omnye umntu etshaya, kunye '(Umsi otshayiweyo)`), okuchanabeka kumsi kwiimpahla nakwifenitshala kwindawo apho kutshaye khona. Ukutshaya kubi kakhulu kwiindawo apho kukho abantwana abancinci. I-asthma ixhaphake kakhulu phakathi kwabasetyhini. Kwakhona, kukho umahluko phakathi kwamaqela eentlanga ezithile.

Zithini izizathu zesifo sesifuba?

Abaphandi abakayazi kakuhle ukuba kutheni abanye abantu benesifo sesifuba kanti abanye bengenaso, kodwa bafumanise ukuba izinto ezithile ziyandisa umngcipheko:

• Ii-Allergy: Ukuba une-allergies, usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba ne-asthma.
• Izinto ezibangela imeko-bume: Abanye abantu baba nesifo sesifuba emva kokuchatshazelwa zizinto eziyingozi kwindlela yokuphefumla. Ezi ziquka izinto ezibangela i-allergens, iityhefu, umsi, kwaye, njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, umsi osetyenziswa ngomnye umntu okanye owesithathu. Ezi ziyingozi kakhulu kwiintsana nabantwana abancinci abaneenkqubo zabo zokuzikhusela ezingakakhuli ngokupheleleyo.
• I-genetics: Ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho une-asthma okanye i-allergies, usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba ne-asthma. Oku kuthetha ukuba inokufunyanwa njengelifa.
• Izifo zokuphefumla: Ezinye izifo zokuphefumla, ezifana ne-respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), zingonakalisa imiphunga ekhulayo yabantwana abancinci, nto leyo enokubangela isifo se-asthma kamva ebomini.

Ziziphi izinto eziqhelekileyo ezibangela uhlaselo lwe-asthma?

Ungahlaselwa sisifo sesifuba ukuba udibana nezinto eziyingozi kuwe, oko kukuthi, izinto ezikucaphukisayo. Oogqirha bazibiza ngokuba 'zizinto ezibangela isifo sesifuba'. Xa usazi ukuba zeziphi izinto ezenza isifo sakho sesifuba sibe sibi, kulula ukuphepha ukuhlaselwa sisifo sesifuba.

Kwabanye abantu, uhlaselo lunokwenzeka kwangoko emva kokuba bevelelwe yile 'nto ibangela'. Kwabanye, uhlaselo lunokuqala ngexesha elahlukileyo, iiyure okanye iintsuku kamva.

Ezi 'zibangela' zinokwahluka kumntu nomntu, kodwa ezinye zezona 'zibangela' zixhaphakileyo zezi:

• Ungcoliseko lomoya: Izinto ezininzi ezingaphandle zinokwenza isifo sesifuba sibe sibi ngakumbi. Oku kuquka umsi ovela kwimizi-mveliso, umsi ophuma kwiimoto, kunye nomsi ovela kwimililo yamahlathi.
• Iincukuthu zothuli: Nangona singenakuzibona ezi zidalwa, zikhona emakhayeni ethu. Ukuba une-allergy kwiincukuthu zothuli, zinokubangela uhlaselo lwe-asthma. Zixhaphake kakhulu kwiimatrasi ezindala, imiqamelo, kunye neekhaphethi.
• Ukuzilolonga: Abanye abantu banokuhlaselwa kukuzilolonga.
• Umngundo: Umngundo ukhula kwiindawo ezimanzi. Ukuba une-asthma, lo mngundo unokubangela iingxaki. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba ube ne-allergy kumngundo ukuze uhlaselwe.
• Izinambuzane: Izinambuzane ezisekhaya, ezifana neempuku kunye neempuku, nazo zinokubangela ukuhlaselwa sisifo sesifuba.
• Izilwanyana zasekhaya: Izilwanyana zasekhaya zakho nazo zinokubangela ukuhlaselwa sisifo sesifuba. Ukuba une-allergy kwiintwana ezincinci (`(Izilwanyana zasekhaya)`) ezikhutshwa zizilwanyana zasekhaya, ukuziphefumla kunokucaphukisa indlela yakho yomoya.
• Umsi wecuba: Ukuba wena okanye umntu ohlala ekhayeni lakho uyatshaya, usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba nesifo se-asthma. Ungaze utshaye kwiindawo ezivalekileyo, njengangaphakathi emotweni yakho okanye ekhaya. Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuyeka ukutshaya. Ugqirha wakho anokukunceda ngale nto.
• Iikhemikhali okanye ivumba elinamandla: Ezinye izinto ezifana neziqholo kunye neemveliso zokucoca zinokubangela ukuba i-asthma ibe mandundu kwabanye abantu.
• Ukuchatshazelwa emsebenzini: Usenokuba uchatshazelwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo emsebenzini. Imizekelo ibandakanya iimveliso zokucoca, uthuli, uthuli lomthi, okanye ezinye iikhemikhali. Zonke ezi zinokuba zizinto ezibangela ukuba unesifo sesifuba.

Zithini iimpawu zesifo sesifuba?

Abantu abane-asthma badla ngokuba neempawu ezicacileyo. Ezi mpawu zifana kakhulu nezo zosulelo lokuphefumla:

• Ukuziva uxinezelekile, intlungu, okanye uxinzelelo esifubeni.
• Ukukhwehlela (ingakumbi ebusuku).
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo.
• Ukuphefumla (ukwenza isandi esithi 'ree ree' xa uphefumla).

Xa une-asthma, usenokungabi nazo zonke ezi mpawu ngexesha lohlaselo ngalunye. Umntu one-asthma engapheliyo unokuba neempawu ezahlukeneyo ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo. Kwakhona, iimpawu zinokutshintsha ngexesha lohlaselo lwe-asthma.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani i-asthma?

Ugqirha wakho uza kujonga imbali yakho yezonyango. Oku kuza kuquka ulwazi ngabazali bakho kunye nabantakwenu. Uza kubuza nangeempawu zakho. Ugqirha uza kufuna ukwazi nangazo naziphi na ii-allergies, i-eczema (imeko yesikhumba enamadyungudyungu abangelwa zii-allergies), kunye nezinye izifo zemiphunga.

Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela uvavanyo lwe-spirometry . Olu vavanyo lulinganisa ukuba umoya uhamba ngokukhawuleza kangakanani emiphungeni yakho. Lusetyenziselwa ukuxilonga i-asthma kunye nokujonga inkqubela yakho ngonyango. Ukongeza, unokucelwa ukuba wenze i -X-ray yesifuba , uvavanyo lwegazi, okanye uvavanyo lolusu.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-asthma?

Uneendlela ezahlukeneyo zokulawula isifo sakho sesifuba. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika amayeza okulawula iimpawu zakho. Ezi ziquka:

• Iibronchodilators: La mayeza asebenza ngokukhulula izihlunu ezijikeleze iindlela zakho zomoya . Xa izihlunu ziphumla, umoya unokuhamba ngokulula kwiindlela zakho zomoya . Kwakhona kwenza kube lula ukuba i-mucus ihambe ngeendlela zakho zomoya . La mayeza anceda ekunciphiseni iimpawu xa zivela. Asetyenziselwa zombini i-asthma engapheliyo kunye ne-chronic asthma.
• Amayeza okulwa nokuvuvukala: La mayeza anciphisa ukudumba kunye nokuveliswa kwe-mucus kwimigudu yakho yomoya . Enza kube lula ukuba umoya ungene kwaye uphume emiphungeni yakho. Ugqirha wakho unokukunika la mayeza yonke imihla ukulawula okanye ukuthintela iimpawu ze-asthma engapheliyo.
• Unyango lwebhayoloji lwesifo sombefu: Olu lusetyenziswa kwisifo sombefu esiqatha, njengaxa iimpawu ziqhubeka nangona unyango lusebenzisa i-inhaler.

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusebenzisa amayeza akho e-asthma. Ungaphefumla amayeza akho usebenzisa i-inhaler yedosi elinganisiweyo, i-nebulizer, okanye olunye uhlobo lwe-asthma inhaler. Ugqirha wakho angakunika amayeza omlomo.

Yintoni i-Asthma Control?

Injongo ephambili yonyango lwe-asthma kukulawula iimpawu. Ukulawula i-asthma kuthetha ukuba ezi zinto zilandelayo ziyenzeka:

• Ukukwazi ukwenza izinto ofuna ukuzenza ekhaya nasemsebenzini.
• Ukungabikho (okanye zimbalwa kakhulu) kweempawu zesifuba.
• Akufuneki usebenzise i-rescue inhaler yakho rhoqo.
• Ukukwazi ukulala ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa sisifo sesifuba.

Ukuba ungafikelela kweli nqanaba, oko kuthetha ukuba isifo sakho sesifuba silawulwa kakuhle. Emva koko ungaphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo.

Ungazijonga njani iimpawu ze-asthma?

Kubalulekile ukugcina irekhodi yeempawu zakho zesifuba. Yinto ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni imeko yakho. Ugqirha wakho angakucela ukuba usebenzise imitha ethi 'Peak Flow' (PF) . Esi sixhobo silinganisa ukuba ungakhupha umoya ngokukhawuleza kangakanani emiphungeni yakho. Sinokunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba enze utshintsho kumayeza akho. Sinokukunceda ubone ukuba iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mandundu na.

Injani imbono yomntu onesifo se-asthma?

Nokuba une-asthma, usenokuphila ubomi obunemveliso kakhulu kwaye ubandakanyeke kwimidlalo neminye imisebenzi. Ungakhathazeki. Ugqirha wakho unokukunceda ulawule iimpawu zakho, afumanise ukuba zeziphi izinto ezikubangelayo, aze akuncede uthintele okanye ulawule uhlaselo.

Ungayithintela njani i-asthma?

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukuxelela ukuba une-asthma, kufuneka ufumanise ukuba zeziphi 'izinto ezibangela uhlaselo' lwakho. Ukuphepha ezo 'zinto zibangela uhlaselo' kunokunceda ekuthinteleni uhlaselo. Kodwa asinakuyithintela i-asthma ukuba ivele.

Yintoni iSicwangciso sokuSebenza kwiSifo seNgqondo?

Ugqirha wakho uza kusebenzisana nawe ukwenza isicwangciso sokuthatha amayeza e-asthma. Esi sicwangciso sikuxelela indlela kunye nexesha lokuthatha amayeza akho. Sikwakuxelela nokuba wenze ntoni xa kuvela iimpawu zakho ze-asthma, kunye nexesha lokufuna unyango olungxamisekileyo. Cela ugqirha wakho ukuba akuchazele nantoni na ongayiqondiyo.

Yintoni omawuyenze ukuba uhlaselwe sisifo sesifuba esibi?

Ukuba uhlaselwe sisifo sesifuba esibi kakhulu, udinga uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza . Cinga nje, abanye abantu banokujika babe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka baze babe nengxaki yokuphefumla. Isenokuba nzima kangako.

Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyenze kukusebenzisa i-rescue inhaler yakho.Sebenzisa. Le 'inhaler yokusindisa' ineyeza elisebenza ngokukhawuleza. Ivula iindlela zakho zomoya. Le yahlukile kwi 'inhaler yolondolozo' oyisebenzisa yonke imihla. Ufanele usebenzise 'inhaler yakho yokusindisa' xa iimpawu zakho zikukhathaza. Ukuba uhlaselo lubi kakhulu, ungayisebenzisa rhoqo.

Ukuba i-inhaler yakho yokuhlangula ayikuncedi, okanye awunayo, yiya kwicandelo lezonyango ezingxamisekileyo esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza ukuba unenye yezi mpawu:

• Ixhala okanye uloyiko.
• Iinzipho eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, imilebe eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (kubantu abanesikhumba esikhanyayo), okanye imilebe engwevu okanye emhlophe okanye iintsini (kubantu abanesikhumba esimnyama).
• Intlungu yesifuba okanye uxinzelelo.
• Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo okanye isandi esikhulu sokuphefumla.
• Ubunzima bokuthetha.
• Ubuso obumhlophe, obubilayo.
• Ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza kakhulu.

Uyazi njani ukuba une-asthma okanye awunayo?

Ukuze ufumane ukuba une-asthma okanye enye imeko, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka ubone ugqirha. Kukho ezinye izifo zokuphefumla ezibangela ukuphefumla okunzima, ukukhohlela, kunye nokuphefumla okuncinci. Ngoko ke, bubulumko ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha kunokuba uzixilonge.

Ngaba isifo se-asthma singanyangeka?

Hayi. Isifuba asinyangeki ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, sinokulawulwa kakuhle. Abanye abantwana bade badlule kwisifuba sabo njengoko bekhula.

Kutheni isifo sam sesifuba siba sibi ebusuku?

Isifo sesifuba esiba mandundu ebusuku ngamanye amaxesha sibizwa ngokuba yi-'nighttime asthma' okanye 'nocturnal asthma'. Akunakwenzeka ukutsho ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba yintoni ebangela oku, kodwa kukho izinto ezimbalwa ezinokuqikelelwa:

• Ulala njani:Ukulala ngomqolo kunokubangela ukuba i-mucus inyuke iye emqaleni, okanye i-asidi evela esiswini sakho (`(Acid reflux)`) ingabuya inyuke. Kwakhona, ukulala ngomqolo wakho kunokubangela uxinzelelo esifubeni nasemaphaphu akho, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumla. Nangona kunjalo, ukulala ngobuso okanye ngecala lakho kunokubangela uxinzelelo emaphaphu akho.
• Izinto ezibangela ukudumba kwigumbi lokulala kunye nezinto ezibangela ukudumba ebusuku: Iingubo zakho zomqamelo, iishelufu zomqamelo, kunye neemqamelo zisenokuba neencukuthu zothuli, isikhunta, okanye i-dander yezilwanyana zasekhaya. Ukuba ubungaphandle ngokuhlwa, kusenokwenzeka ukuba uzise ipollen ngaphakathi.
• Iziphumo ezingezizo zamayeza: Amanye amayeza e-asthma, anjenge-steroids kunye ne-montelukast, anokuchaphazela ubuthongo bakho.
• Umoya oshushu kakhulu okanye obandayo kakhulu: Ukuphefumla umoya oshushu kunokubangela ukuba iindlela zomoya zingasebenzi kakuhle. Umoya obandayo ubangela isifo sesifuba kwabanye abantu.
• Utshintsho kumsebenzi wemiphunga: Njengenkqubo yendalo, umsebenzi wemiphunga uyehla kancinci ebusuku.
• I-asthma engalawulwa kakuhle emini: Iimpawu ezingalawulwayo emini aziyi kuphucula ebusuku. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nendlela yokulawula iimpawu zakho ze-asthma emini nasebusuku. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunyanga iimpawu zakho zasebusuku. Uhlaselo olubi lwe-asthma, ngamanye amaxesha olude lubulale, lunokwenzeka ebusuku.

Yintoni ekufuneka ndiyazi malunga ne-COVID-19 kunye ne-asthma?

Ukuba une-asthma ephakathi ukuya kwenzima, okanye ukuba iimpawu zakho ze-asthma azilawulwa kakuhle, usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokulaliswa esibhedlele ukuba une-COVID-19. Ngoko ke, nxiba imaski xa usiya kwiindawo ezingaphakathi nabanye abantu, ugonywe, kwaye uhlale kude nabantu abanentsholongwane.

Abantu abaninzi abane-asthma baphila ubomi obanelisayo. Abanye abadlali abangochwephesha abane-asthma bade babhala iirekhodi kwimidlalo yabo. Ugqirha wakho angakunceda ufumane eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokulawula i-asthma yakho. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nendlela yokulawula iimpawu zakho.

Umyalezo Wokugqibela Wokuya Ekhaya

Kulungile, ngoko ke sithethe kakhulu nge-asthma, akunjalo? Khumbula, i-asthma sisifo, ukuba silawulwa ngokufanelekileyo, esingaphazamisiyo amandla akho okuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo.

• Chonga izinto ezibangela isifo sakho sesifuba kwaye uhlale kude naso kangangoko unako.
• Sebenzisa amayeza achazwe ngugqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo nangexesha elifanelekileyo. Ngokukodwa, hlala uphethe i-inhaler yakho yokusindisa.
• Yazi iSicwangciso sakho sokuSebenza kwiSifo seNgxaki. Yazi into omawuyenze xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.
• Ukuba isifo sakho sesifuba siba sibi ebusuku, thetha nogqirha wakho ngaloo nto.
• Musa ukuya kwiindawo apho abantu batshaya khona. Ukuba kukho umntu otshayayo ekhayeni lakho, mxelele naye ngaloo nto.
• Nanini na xa unamathandabuzo, ungathandabuzi ukucela ingcebiso kugqirha.

Ukuphila ne-asthma kunokuba nzima, kodwa awuwedwa. Ukuba neengcebiso zonyango ezifanelekileyo kunye nokuzinikela kwakho, nawe ungaphila ubomi obutofotofo.