Ngaba nawe unengxaki yokuphefumla kancinci? Masifunde inyaniso malunga ne-Asthma kunye neNirogi Lanka

Ngaba ukhe uzive ngathi kunzima ukuphefumla? Mhlawumbi uziva uxinene esifubeni sakho, okanye uzifumana ukhwehlela rhoqo ebusuku? Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu ze -Asthma . Apha eNirogi Lanka, sifuna ukukunceda uqonde ukuba yintoni i-asthma, kutheni isenzeka, kunye nendlela onokuyisingatha ngayo ngokufanelekileyo.

Yintoni i-Asthma?

Ngamafutshane, isifo sesifuba sisifo esichaphazela iindlela zakho zomoya. Sidla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-'bronchial asthma', sisifo esinganyangekiyo . Oku kuthetha ukuba sihlala ixesha elide kwaye sifuna unyango oluqhubekayo, njengoko kungekho 'nyango' olukhawulezileyo olusenza siphele ngonaphakade. Isifo sesifuba sixhaphakile, sichaphazela abantwana kunye nabantu abadala. Ukuba asilawulwa kakuhle, sinokuba yingxamiseko esongela ubomi , yiyo loo nto ukuqonda kwakho kunye nolawulo lwakho olusebenzayo kubaluleke kangaka.

Yintoni i-Asthma Attack?

Xa uphefumla ngendlela eqhelekileyo, izihlunu ezijikeleze iindlela zakho zomoya zihlala zikhululekile, zivumela umoya ukuba ungene kwaye uphume ngokulula. Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha lokuhlaselwa sisifo sesifuba, kukho utshintsho oluthathu olubalulekileyo olwenzekayo:

• I-Bronchospasm: Izihlunu ezijikeleza iindlela zakho zomoya ziyaqina, zinciphisa indawo kwaye zenze kube nzima ukuba umoya uhambe.
• Ukudumba : Ulwelo lwendlela yakho yomoya luyadumba, nto leyo enciphisa ngakumbi ubuninzi bomoya onokufikelela emiphungeni yakho.
• Ukuveliswa kweMucus: Umzimba wakho uvelisa i-mucus egqithisileyo, evala iindlela zakho zomoya kwaye ithintele ukuhamba komoya.

Njengoko iindlela zakho zomoya zincinci, unokuva isandi somlozi xa ukhupha umoya. Oku kwaziwa ngokuba yi -Wheezing . Uhlaselo lwe-asthma—olukwabizwa ngokuba yi-'exacerbation' okanye 'flare-up'—luphawu lokuba i-asthma yakho ayilawuleki okwangoku.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-asthma?

Ewe, isifo sesifuba sihlelwa ngokwesizathu kunye nobunzima beempawu. Oogqirha bahlala besihlela ngolu hlobo:

• I-Asthma engapheliyo: Iimpawu ziyafika zidlule. Ungaziva uphilile phakathi kokuqaqamba kwesifo.
• I-Persistent Asthma: Uba neempawu rhoqo. Ubunzima bunokwahluka ukusuka kobuncinci ukuya kobuphakathi okanye obunzima, obuchongwa ngugqirha wakho ngokuba uneempawu kangaphi kwaye ziphazamisana kangakanani nobomi bakho bemihla ngemihla.

Izinto ezibangela i-asthma zingahluka kakhulu:

• I-Allergic Asthma: Ibangelwa kukunganyamezelani nezinto ezifana nokungunda, i-pollens , okanye i-dander yezilwanyana zasekhaya.
• I-Asthma engeyiyo i-allergy: Ibangelwa zizinto zangaphandle ezifana nokuzilolonga, uxinzelelo , izifo, okanye utshintsho lwemozulu.

Isifo sesifuba singahlulwa ngokwesigaba sobomi okanye indawo esikuyo:

• I-Asthma eqala kubantu abadala: I-Asthma eqala emva kweminyaka eli-18.
• I-Asthma yabantwana: Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-'isifuba somoya sabantwana ,’ oku kudla ngokuqala ngaphambi kokuba kudlule iminyaka emi-5. Nangona abanye abantwana bekhula, kubalulekile ukusebenzisana nogqirha wezingane ukuze wenze isicwangciso sokusebenza, ugcine isixhobo sokuphefumla sikufutshane, kwaye wazi kakuhle into omawuyenze ngexesha lohlaselo.

Ezinye iintlobo ezithile ziquka:

• I-Asthma ebangelwa kukuzilolonga: Iyavutha xa usebenza, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-bronchospasm ebangelwa kukuzilolonga.
• I-Occupational Asthma: Ibangelwa kukufumana izinto ezikucaphukisayo emsebenzini wakho, njengakwiifektri okanye kwiindawo zezolimo.
• Isifo Sokungqubana Kwesifuba Ne-COPD (ACOS): Oku kwenzeka xa une-asthma kunye ne -Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), zombini ezithintela ukuphefumla kwakho.

Ngubani onokufumana i-Asthma?

Isifo sesifuba sinokuchaphazela nabani na nokuba uneminyaka emingaphi. Nangona kunjalo, abo bane-allergies ezikhoyo kunye nabantu abachatshazelwa ngumsi wecuba basengozini enkulu. Oku kuquka 'umsi otshayiweyo' (ukuphefumla umsi ovela kwabanye) kunye 'nomsi otshayiweyo' (intsalela ephuma kwiimpahla nakwifenitshala). Kubalulekile ukukhusela abantwana ekuchatshazelweni ngumsi. Abafazi nabo basengozini enkulu yokuba nesifo sesifuba, kwaye ukuxhaphaka kunokwahluka ngokweentlanga.

Yintoni ebangela i-Asthma?

Nangona abaphandi besasebenza ukuqonda ukuba kutheni abanye abantu benesifo se-asthma kanti abanye bengenaso, kukho izinto ezininzi ezibangela umngcipheko eziye zachongwa:

• Ii-Allergy: Ukuba unesifo se-allergies, umngcipheko wakho wokuba ne-asthma uphezulu kakhulu.
• Izinto ezibangela imeko-bume: Abanye abantu baba nesifo sesifuba emva kokuchatshazelwa zizinto ezicaphukisa indlela yomoya. Ezi ziquka izinto ezibangela i-allergen, iityhefu, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomsi, kunye nomsi 'osetyenziswa ngomnye' okanye 'osetyenziswa ngomnye' okhankanywe ngaphambili. Ezi ziyingozi kakhulu kwiintsana nabantwana abancinci abaneenkqubo zabo zokuzikhusela zomzimba ezisakhula.
• I-genetics: Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho one-asthma okanye iimeko ze-allergy, nawe usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba ne-asthma. Ngamafutshane, inokwenzeka nakwiintsapho.
• Izifo zokuphefumla: Ezinye izifo zokuphefumla, ezifana ne-Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), zingonakalisa imiphunga ekhulayo yabantwana abancinci, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba umntwana abe nesifo se-asthma kamva ebomini.

Ziziphi izinto eziqhelekileyo ezibangela uhlaselo lwe-asthma?

Uhlaselo lwesifuba lunokwenzeka ukuba udibana nezinto ezikucaphukisayo okanye ezikubangela ukuba ungene kwiindlela zakho zomoya. Oogqirha bathi ezi 'zizinto ezibangela ukuba uphefumle kakubi.' Wakuba uchongile ukuba yintoni eyenza isifo sakho sesifuba sibe sibi ngakumbi, kuba lula ukuphepha uhlaselo olunokubakho.

Kwabanye, uhlaselo lunokwenzeka ngoko nangoko xa bechaphazeleka yinto ebangela umhlaza. Kwabanye, iimpawu zisenokuqala emva kweeyure okanye iintsuku.

Izinto ezibangela i-trigger zingahluka kumntu nomntu, kodwa nazi ezinye eziqhelekileyo:

• Ungcoliseko lomoya: Izinto ezininzi zangaphandle zinokubangela ukuba isifo se-asthma sibe sibi ngakumbi, kuquka umsi wasefektri, umsi ophuma kwimoto, kunye nomsi ovela kwimililo yasendle.
• Iincukuthu zothuli: Ezi zizidalwa ezincinci ezihlala emakhayeni ethu. Ukuba une-allergy kwiincukuthu zothuli, zinokubangela uhlaselo lwe-asthma. Zixhaphake kakhulu kwiimatrasi ezindala, imiqamelo, kunye neekhaphethi.
• Ukuzilolonga: Kwabanye abantu, ukwenza umthambo kunokubangela uhlaselo.
• Umngundo: Umngundo ukhula kakuhle kwiindawo ezimanzi. Ukuba une-asthma, umngundo unokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba ube ne-allergy kumngundo ukuze ubangele uhlaselo.
• Izinambuzane: Izinambuzane ezifana neempuku kunye neempuku nazo zinokuba negalelo ekuhlaselweni yi-asthma.
• Izilwanyana zasekhaya: Izilwanyana zasekhaya zakho zinokuba sisizathu sokuhlaselwa sisifo sesifuba. Ukuba une-allergy kwi-'pet dander' (iinxalenye ezincinci zesikhumba ezikhutshwa zizilwanyana), ukuziphefumla kunokucaphukisa indlela yakho yomoya.
• Umsi wecuba: Ukuba uyatshaya okanye ukuba kukho umntu ohlala ekhaya otshayayo, umngcipheko wakho we-asthma uyanda. Ungaze utshaye kwiindawo ezixineneyo ezifana neemoto okanye ngaphakathi endlwini. Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokwenza kukuyeka ukutshaya; ugqirha wakho unokunika isikhokelo sendlela yokufezekisa oku.
• Iikhemikhali okanye amavumba anamandla: Iziqholo ezithile, izinto zokucoca, kunye namavumba anamandla zinokwenza iimpawu zesifuba zibe mandundu kwabanye abantu.
• Ukuchatshazelwa emsebenzini: Usenokuba uchatshazelwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo emsebenzini wakho. Iimveliso zokucoca, uthuli lomgubo, uthuli lomthi, okanye ezinye iikhemikhali zezinye zemizekelo. Ukuba une-asthma, zonke ezi zinto zingasebenza njengezinto ezibangela ukuba uhlaselwe.

Zithini iimpawu zesifo sesifuba?

Abantu abane-asthma badla ngokuba neempawu ezicacileyo, ezininzi zazo ezifana nezifo zokuphefumla:

• Ukuziva uxinezelekile esifubeni, iintlungu, okanye uxinzelelo.
• Ukukhwehlela (ingakumbi ebusuku).
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo.
• Ukuphefumla (isandi sokukhala kwempempe xa uphefumla).

Xa une-asthma, usenokungabi nazo zonke iimpawu ngexesha lohlaselo ngalunye. Abantu abane-asthma engapheliyo banokubonisa iimpawu ezahlukeneyo ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo, kwaye neempawu ngokwazo zinokwahluka ngexesha lohlaselo.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani i-asthma?

Ugqirha wakho uza kujonga imbali yakho yezonyango, kuquka ulwazi malunga nabazali bakho kunye nabantakwenu. Baza kubuza nangeempawu zakho ezithile, kunye nazo naziphi na ii-allergies ezikhoyo, i-eczema (imeko yesikhumba ebangela amaqhuqhuva ngenxa ye-allergies), okanye ezinye iingxaki ezinxulumene nemiphunga.

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa uvavanyo lwe-spirometry . Olu vavanyo lulinganisa ukuba ungawuhambisa ngokukhawuleza kangakanani umoya emiphungeni yakho. Lusetyenziselwa ukuxilonga i-asthma kunye nokujonga inkqubela yakho ngonyango. Ukongeza, banokucebisa uvavanyo lwe-X-ray yesifuba, uvavanyo lwegazi, okanye uvavanyo lwe-allergy yolusu.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-asthma?

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokulawula i-asthma yakho ngokufanelekileyo. Ugqirha wakho uya kukunika amayeza okulawula iimpawu zakho, anokuquka:

• Iibronchodilators: La mayeza aphumza izihlunu ezijikeleze iindlela zakho zomoya, evumela umoya ukuba uhambe ngokulula. Akwanceda ukususa i-mucus kwiendlela zomoya. La mayeza asetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngoncedo olukhawulezileyo xa kuvela iimpawu kwaye asetyenziswa kwi-asthma engapheliyo kunye ne-asthma engapheliyo.
• Amayeza okulwa nokuvuvukala: La mayeza anciphisa ukudumba kunye nokuveliswa kwe-mucus kwimigudu yakho yomoya, okwenza kube lula ukuba umoya ungene kwaye uphume emiphungeni yakho. Ugqirha wakho unokukunika la mayeza njengeyeza lokugcina imihla ngemihla ukulawula okanye ukuthintela iimpawu ezingapheliyo.
• Unyango lwebhayoloji lwesifo sombefu: Olu lusetyenziswa kwiimeko zesifo sombefu esiqatha apho iimpawu ziqhubeka khona nangona kusetyenziswa unyango oluqhelekileyo lwe-inhaler.

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusela amayeza akho e-asthma. Ungadinga i-inhaler yedosi elinganisiweyo, i-nebulizer, okanye olunye uhlobo lwesixhobo ukuze uphefumle amayeza. Kwezinye iimeko, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza omlomo.

Yintoni Ulawulo Lombefu? nguNirogi Lanka

Injongo ephambili yonyango lwe-asthma kukulawula iimpawu. Xa sisithi i-asthma yakho ilawulwa kakuhle, oko kuthetha ukuba:

• Ungenza imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla ekhaya nasemsebenzini ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
• Awunazo iimpawu zesifuba okanye awunazo kwaphela.
• Akufuneki uxhomekeke kwisixhobo sakho sokufunxa inhaler.
• Uyakwazi ukulala kakuhle ngaphandle kweempawu ze-asthma ezikuvusayo.

Ukufezekisa ezi njongo kuthetha ukuba isifo sakho sesifuba silawulwa kakuhle, nto leyo ekuvumela ukuba uphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo nobusebenzayo.

Uzijonga njani iimpawu ze-asthma?

Ukugcina irekhodi yeempawu zakho yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokulawula imeko yakho. Ugqirha wakho unokukucela ukuba usebenzise iPeak Flow Meter (PF) Meter . Esi sixhobo silinganisa indlela onokukhupha ngayo umoya ngamandla emiphungeni yakho. Olu lwazi lunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba alungise amayeza akho njengoko kufuneka kwaye lukwazisa ukuba iimpawu zakho ziqala ukuba mandundu.

Injani imbono yomntu onesifo se-asthma?

Nokuba unesifo se-asthma, usenokuphila ubomi obuvelisa kakhulu kwaye uthathe inxaxheba kwimidlalo nakwezinye izinto. Musa ukoyika. Ugqirha wakho uza kusebenza nawe ukulawula iimpawu zakho, ukuchonga izinto ezibangela ukuba ube nesifo, kunye nokudala amaqhinga okuthintela okanye ukulawula uhlaselo lwe-asthma ngokufanelekileyo.

Ungayithintela njani i-asthma?

Nje ukuba ufunyaniswe ukuba unesifo, ukuchonga izinto ezibangela isifo sakho kubalulekile. Ukuphepha ezi zinto ezibangela isifo yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela uhlaselo. Nangona singenakuthintela uphuhliso lwe-asthma ngokwalo, ngokuqinisekileyo singazithintela iziganeko ezibangelwa sisifo.

Yintoni iSicwangciso sokuSebenza kwiSifo seNgqondo?

Ugqirha wakho uza kwenza iSicwangciso sokuSebenza se-Asthma esikhethekileyo nawe. Esi sicwangciso sichaza indlela kunye nexesha lokusebenzisa amayeza akho, indlela yokuphendula kwiimpawu ezithile, kunye nexesha lokufuna unyango olungxamisekileyo. Ukuba kukho nayiphi na inxalenye yesicwangciso sakho engacacanga, nceda ucele ugqirha wakho ukuba akuchazele yona.

Yintoni omawuyenze xa uhlaselwa sisifo sesifuba esinzima?

Ukuba ufumana uhlaselo olukhulu lwesifuba, kufuneka ufumane uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza . Kwiimeko ezinzima, izigulane zinokuba nzima ukuphefumla zide zifikelele kwinqanaba apho amanqanaba azo eoksijini ehla ngokuyingozi.

Inyathelo lokuqala kukusebenzisa i-inhaler yakho yokuhlangula . Ezi i-inhaler ziqulathe amayeza asebenza ngokukhawuleza avula indlela yakho yomoya ngokukhawuleza. Oku kwahlukile kwi-inhaler yakho yokulungisa yemihla ngemihla. Ukuba uhlaselo lubi kakhulu, kunokufuneka ulusebenzise rhoqo ngokwesicwangciso sakho.

Ukuba i-inhaler yakho yokuhlangula ayikuncedi, okanye awunayo, yiya kwisebe likaxakeka lesibhedlele elikufutshane ngokukhawuleza ukuba ubona ezi mpawu:

• Uxinzelelo olukhulu okanye uloyiko.
• Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwiinzipho okanye kwimilebe yakho (okanye ongwevu/omhlophe ukuze ufumane imibala emnyama yesikhumba).
• Intlungu yesifuba okanye uxinzelelo oluqatha.
• Ukukhohlela okungalawulekiyo okanye ukuphefumla kakhulu.
• Ubunzima bokuthetha izivakalisi ezipheleleyo.
• Ubuso obumhlophe, obubilayo.
• Ukuphefumla okukhawulezayo, okusebenzayo.

Uyazi njani ukuba une-asthma?

Ukuqinisekisa ukuba une-asthma okanye enye imeko, kufuneka ubonane nogqirha. Ezinye iimeko zokuphefumla zinokufana neempawu ze-asthma ezifana nokuphefumla kancinci kunye nokuphefumla kancinci. Nceda uziphephe ukuzixilonga kwaye uxhomekeke kuvavanyo lobuchwephesha.

Ngaba isifo se-asthma siyanyangeka?

Hayi, okwangoku akukho nyango lwe-asthma. Nangona kunjalo, ilawuleka lula. Kwezinye iimeko, abantwana banokukhula badlule kwi-asthma njengoko befikelela ebudaleni.

Kutheni isifo sam sesifuba siba sibi ebusuku?

Isifo sesifuba esiba mandundu ebusuku sidla ngokubizwa ngokuba yiNocturnal Asthma . Nangona unobangela wezonyango ungacaci rhoqo, kukho izinto ezininzi ezibangela eso sifo.

• Indawo Olala Kuyo: Ukulala ngomqolo wakho kunokubangela ukuba i-mucus idibane emqaleni wakho okanye ibangele i-acid reflux, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba i-asthma ibe mandundu. Ngaphezu koko, ukulala ngomqolo wakho kubeka uxinzelelo esifubeni nasemaphaphu akho, nto leyo enokwenza kube nzima ukuphefumla. Kwelinye icala, ukulala ngesisu okanye ngecala lakho ngamanye amaxesha kunokufaka uxinzelelo emaphaphu akho.
• Izinto Ezibangela Ukulala Nokuhlwa: Iibhedi zakho, imiqamelo, kunye neekhabhathi zemiqamelo zisenokuba neencukuthu zothuli, isikhunta, okanye i-dander yezilwanyana zasekhaya. Ukuba ubungaphandle ngokuhlwa, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ngempazamo ungenise ipollen ngaphakathi.
• Iziphumo Ezingalindelekanga Zamayeza: Amanye amayeza e-asthma, anjengee-steroids kunye ne-montelukast, anokuphazamisana ngamaxesha athile neendlela zakho zokulala.
• Ubushushu bomoya: Ukuphefumla umoya oshushu kakhulu kunokubangela ukuba iindlela zakho zomoya zinciphe, ngelixa umoya obandayo usebenza njengesizathu esibalulekileyo se-asthma kubantu abaninzi.
• Utshintsho Lwendalo Kwimisebenzi Yemiphunga: Yinkqubo eqhelekileyo yempilo yomzimba ukuba imisebenzi yemiphunga iyeke kancinci ebusuku.
• Ulawulo Olubi Lwesifuba Emini: Ukuba isifo sakho sesifuba asilawulwa kakuhle emini, iimpawu ziya kuhlala zisiba mbi okanye zibe mbi ebusuku. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisana nogqirha wakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba isifo sakho sesifuba silawulwa kakuhle emini nasebusuku. Ukunyanga iimpawu zasebusuku kubaluleke kakhulu; ukuhlaselwa sisifo sesifuba esinzima—esinokuba yingozi ebomini—kwenzeka rhoqo ebusuku.

Yintoni endifanele ndiyazi malunga ne-COVID-19 kunye ne-asthma?

Ukuba une-asthma ephakathi ukuya kweqatha okanye ukuba iimpawu zakho azilawulwa kakuhle, usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokufuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele ukuba une-COVID-19. Ke ngoko, nxibe imaski kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke ezingaphakathi, uhlale usesikhathini ngemigonyo yakho, kwaye ugcine umgama phakathi kwabantu abagulayo.

Abantu abaninzi abane-asthma baphila ubomi obanelisayo nobusebenzayo—abanye bade babe ngabadlali ababalaseleyo abangochwephesha. Ugqirha wakho angakunceda ufumane eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokulawula imeko yakho. Nceda ube nengxoxo evulekileyo nomboneleli wakho wezempilo malunga nendlela yokugcina ulawulo lweempawu zakho ngempumelelo.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Sithethe lukhulu malunga ne-asthma namhlanje. Khumbula, ngokuphathwa ngendlela efanelekileyo, i-asthma ayifanele ikuthintele ukuba uphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo nobunempilo.

• Chonga izinto ezikubangelayo uze uziphephe kangangoko unako.
• Sebenzisa amayeza akho owayalelweyo kanye njengoko uyalelwe. Hlala ugcina i-inhaler yakho yokusindisa nawe.
• Landela iSicwangciso sakho sokuSebenza kwiSifo seNgxaki. Qinisekisa ukuba wena nosapho lwakho niyaqonda into enimele niyenze ngexesha likaxakeka.
• Ukuba iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mandundu ebusuku, thetha nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
• Zigcine kude nomsi. Qinisekisa ukuba indawo ohlala kuyo ayitshayi.
• Ukuba ukhe wanamathandabuzo, funa uncedo lwezonyango oluyingcali ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba ufumana ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumla, fowunela u-911 okanye iinkonzo zongxamiseko zasekuhlaleni ngoko nangoko.

Ukuphila ne-asthma kunokuba ngumceli mngeni, kodwa awuwedwa. Ngolwalathiso lobuchwephesha kunye nokuzinikela kwakho kwimpilo yakho, iNirogi Lanka ilapha ukukunceda ekugcineni ubomi obutofotofo nobunempilo.