Xa ugqirha ekuxelela okanye umntu omaziyo ukuba unesifo esifana nomhlaza, unemibuzo emininzi kunye noloyiko malunga namayeza oza kunikwa. Kuqhelekile ukucinga izinto ezinje, "Lithini eli yeza? Liza kuwuchaphazela njani umzimba? Ngaba kuza kubakho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga?" Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesitofu esibizwa ngokuba yi-`(Atezolizumab)` esisetyenziselwa ukunyanga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza. Usenokuba ukhe weva ngegama laso lophawu `(Tecentriq)`. Makhe sithethe ngeli yeza ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.
Loluphi uhlobo lonyango oluthi ``(Atezolizumab)''? Lusetyenziselwa ziphi izifo?
Ngamafutshane, `(Atezolizumab)` sisitofu sokugonya esikudidi olukhethekileyo lwamayeza abizwa ngokuba yi`(monoclonal antibody)`. Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza ukuba yintoni `(monoclonal antibody)`. Khawuthelekelele ukuba umzimba wethu unenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebizwa ngokuba yi`(immune system). Ifana nomkhosi okhusela ilizwe lethu. Lo mkhosi ulwa neentshaba ezifana neentsholongwane kunye neeseli zomhlaza ezibangela izifo. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ezi seli zomhlaza zinobuqhetseba kakhulu. Zisebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuzimela kumkhosi wethu.
Kulapho ke amayeza afana ne-`(Atezolizumab)` angena khona. Oko kwenziwa leli yeza kukunceda "amajoni" enkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba (oko kukuthi ii-T-cells) ukuba azibone ezi seli zomhlaza zinzima aze azihlasele. Oku kuthetha ukuba eli yeza livala indlela yokuba inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba wethu ilwe nomhlaza.
Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iintlobo zomhlaza ezisetyenziselwa kakhulu eli yeza:
- Umhlaza we-Urothelial: Lo ngumhlaza okhula kwindlela yomchamo.
- Umhlaza wesibindi (i-hepatocellular carcinoma): Umhlaza oqala kwiiseli zesibindi.
- Umhlaza wemiphunga: Oku kusetyenziswa kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza wemiphunga.
- Umhlaza wolusu (i-melanoma): Olu luhlobo lomhlaza oluyingozi olukhula kwiiseli ezivelisa umbala wolusu.
Ukongeza kwiintlobo zomhlaza ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, ugqirha wakho ngamanye amaxesha unokukunika eli yeza kwezinye iimeko. Ke ngoko, ukuba unikwa eli yeza, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubuza ugqirha wakho ngokucacileyo ukuba kutheni kwaye liza kuyinceda njani imeko yakho.
Zeziphi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzixelele ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uthathe amayeza?
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale unyango nge-`(Atezolizumab)`, kubalulekile ukwazisa ugqirha wakho ngemeko yakho yempilo epheleleyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba kufuneka kuthathwe ingqalelo ekhethekileyo xa kunikwa eli yeza kubantu abanezifo ezithile. Nazi ezinye zezinto ezinjalo:
- Izifo ezizikhusela ngokwazo emzimbeni:Ukuba unesifo apho amajoni omzimba wakho ahlasela umzimba wakho, njengesifo sikaCrohn (imeko yokudumba kwendlela yokugaya ukutya), i-ulcerative colitis (imeko yokudumba kwamathumbu amakhulu), okanye i-lupus (isifo esichaphazela ulusu, amalungu kunye nezintso), qiniseka ukuba uxelele ugqirha wakho. Ngenxa yokuba i-Atezolizumab ichaphazela amajoni omzimba, oogqirha balumka kakhulu xa beyinika umntu onesi sifo.
- Ukuba ukhe watyalwa okanye uceba ukufakelwa i-allogeneic stem cell: Oku kuthetha ukuba ukhe watyalwa ii-stem cells ezivela komnye umntu, okanye ukuba uceba ukwenza njalo kwixesha elizayo, sixelele ngayo.
- Imbali yokufakelwa amalungu omzimba: Ukuba ukhe wafakelwa amalungu omzimba (njengezintso okanye isibindi) ngaphambili.
- Ukuba ukhe wanyangwa ngemisebe esifubeni: Kubalulekile nokuba ukhe wanyangwa ngemisebe esifubeni ngaphambili.
- Iingxaki zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo: Ukuba unesifo senkqubo yemithambo-luvo, esifana ne-myasthenia gravis (isifo esenza izihlunu zibe buthathaka) okanye i-Guillain-Barre syndrome (isifo esichaphazela imithambo-luvo).
- Ii-Allergy: Ukuba une-allergy (i-allergy) kwi-Atezolizumab, naluphi na olunye unyango, ukutya, idayi, okanye isithinteli, kufuneka usixelele.
- Ukuba ukhulelwe okanye uzama ukukhulelwa: Eli linqaku elibaluleke kakhulu. Siza kuthetha ngalo mba ngokweenkcukacha kamva.
- Ukuba ungumama oncancisayo: Oku kuyinto ekufuneka uyilumkele kakhulu.
Kungcono ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ngazo naziphi na iingxaki zempilo onazo okanye naziphi na ezinye iziyobisi ozisebenzisayo, nokuba azikho kolu luhlu.
Ulisebenzisa njani eli yeza?
Eli yeza `(Atezolizumab)` linikwa njengenaliti emthanjeni (i-intravenous infusion) . Ngamafutshane, liyeza elingena emzimbeni wakho ngemithambo, njengokuba ubuya kunika isisombululo setyuwa. Oku kudla ngokuthatha malunga nesiqingatha seyure, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba eli ayiloyeza onokulinika ekhaya. Olu nyango lwenziwa esibhedlele, kwikliniki ekhethekileyo yezigulana ezinomhlaza, apho kukho ugqirha okanye abasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo bobuhlengikazi.
Ngaphambi kweseshoni nganye yonyango, ugqirha wakho okanye umongikazi uza kukunika incwadana ekhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-"MedGuide" . Iqulethe ulwazi olubaluleke kakhulu malunga nale yeza, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kunye nezinto ekufuneka uzazi. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuyifunda nokuyiqonda ngononophelo ngalo lonke ixesha. Musa ukuba namahloni ukubuza ukuba kukho into ongayiqondiyo na.
Kwabantwana abancinciUkuba unika eli yeza, kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wabantwana ngalo kwaye ulandele iingcebiso zabo, njengoko banokufuna unyango olukhethekileyo kwaye imilinganiselo ingahluka.
Kuthekani ukuba ndithatha amayeza amaninzi kakhulu? Kuthekani ukuba ndiphoswe yidosi?
Ekubeni eli yeza linikwa phantsi kweliso likagqirha, umngcipheko wokusebenzisa i-overdose uphantsi kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ucinga ukuba usenokuba uyisebenzise kakhulu, okanye ukuba uziva ugula ngendlela engaqhelekanga, kufuneka uye kwigumbi likaxakeka elikufutshane okanye utsalele umnxeba kwiziko lolawulo lwetyhefu ngokukhawuleza.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusela la mayeza ngeentsuku ezimiselweyo nangamaxesha amiselweyo. Ukuba awukwazi ukusela amayeza akho ngemini emiselweyo, okanye ukuba uphoswe yidosi, fowunela ugqirha wakho okanye ikliniki ngokukhawuleza ubazise. Baza kukuxelela into omawuyenze ngokulandelayo. Ungaze utshintshe ishedyuli yakho yonyango ngokuthanda kwakho.
Ngawaphi amanyathelo akhethekileyo okhuseleko ekufuneka athathwe xa usebenzisa eli yeza?
Oogqirha baza kuyijonga ngononophelo impilo yakho ngelixa uthatha i-Atezolizumab.
- Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo: Kuya kufuneka wenze uvavanyo lwegazi rhoqo kunye nezinye iimvavanyo ukuze ujonge imeko yakho, ubone ukuba iyeza liwuchaphazela njani umzimba wakho, kwaye ubone ukuba kukho naziphi na iziphumo kwizitho ezifana nesibindi kunye nezintso.
- Ukukhulelwa kunye nokuncancisa (oku kubaluleke kakhulu!):
- Ukuba ungumfazi, kufuneka uphephe ngokupheleleyo ukukhulelwa ngelixa usebenzisa eli yeza (i-Atezolizumab) kwaye ubuncinane iinyanga ezi-5 emva kokuyeka unyango. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu, kuba eli yeza linokulimaza kakhulu usana olungekazalwa.
- Ukuba ulindele umntwana, okanye ukuba ucinga ukuba ukhulelwe, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko, ngaphandle kokulibazisa. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neendlela ezifanelekileyo zokulawula ukukhulelwa.
- Kwakhona, kufuneka ungamncancisi umntwana wakho ngelixa usebenzisa eli yeza, kwaye ubuncinane iinyanga ezi-5 emva komthamo wokugqibela. Olu khuseleko lubalulekile kuba eli yeza linokudluliselwa kumntwana ngobisi lwebele.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi okungakumbi ngale nto, ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha wakho okanye ingcali yezemithi.
Khumbula: Eli yeza lelakho kuphela. Ungaze wabelane ngeli yeza nabanye abantu, nokuba banesifo esifana nesakho.
Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho zeli yeza? (`Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga`)
Njengalo naliphi na iyeza, `(Atezolizumab)` inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kwabanye abantu. Ayingabo bonke abantu abazifumanayo, kwaye ubukhali bazo bunokwahluka kumntu nomntu. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwazi ezi ziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kwaye uxelele ugqirha wakho ukuba uneengxaki.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzulu ekufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho ngazo ngoko nangoko:
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu, bonana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.Kulungile, kufuneka sazise igumbi likaxakeka:
- Iimpendulo ze-allergy: Ukurhawuzelela kwesikhumba, ukurhawuzelela, ukurhawuzelela umzimba wonke, ukudumba kwamehlo, imilebe, ulwimi okanye ubuso, ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukuqina kwesifuba.
- Iingxaki zenkqubo yokugaya ukutya:
- Indle emnyama, ehlala ixesha elide (oku kungaba luphawu lokopha emathunjini).
- Urhudo olunegazi okanye olumanzi , iintlungu eziqatha zesisu.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla: Ukuqala kokuphelelwa ngumphefumlo, ukukhwehlela okwandayo, iintlungu zesifuba.
- Utshintsho embonweni: Ukufiphala ngequbuliso kombono, ukubona izinto ngaxeshanye.
- Intlungu yesifuba okanye ukuxinana kwesifuba .
- Ukugodola, umkhuhlane .
- Ukuhlamba ubuso .
- Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu .
- Iimpawu zeswekile ephezulu egazini: Unxano olugqithisileyo, umlomo owomileyo, ukuchama rhoqo, indlala egqithisileyo, isiyezi, ulusu olomileyo, ivumba lomphefumlo elifana neziqhamo, isicaphucaphu, iintlungu zesisu.
- Iimpawu kunye neempawu zokulimala kwesibindi: ukutyheli kwamehlo okanye ulusu, umchamo otyheli okanye omdaka omnyama, indle ekhanyayo, ukungabi namdla wokutya, isicaphucaphu, iintlungu kwicala eliphezulu lasekunene lesisu, ukudinwa kakhulu, kunye nokuziva ungakhululekanga njengomkhuhlane.
- Intlungu ebuhlungu yesisu .
- Ubunzima bokuchama: ukuncipha kokuchama, igazi emchameni, iintlungu xa uchama.
- Ezinye iimpawu ezinzulu: iintlungu eziqatha zamalungu, ubuthathaka obukhulu bemisipha, amadyungudyungu okanye izilonda zesikhumba, ukudideka, kunye nokulahlekelwa zingqondo.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezingezizo ezinzulu, kodwa ekufuneka zixelwe kugqirha wakho ukuba ziyaqhubeka:
Ezi ziphumo bezingalindelekanga azibi kakhulu, kodwa ukuba ziyaqhubeka okanye ziyakukhathaza, xelela ugqirha wakho :
- Intlungu yethambo
- Ukukhwehlela
- Urhudo oluqhelekileyo (ngaphandle kwegazi)
- Intlungu yamalungu
- Intlungu okanye ubuthathaka bemisipha
- Ukudumba kweengalo okanye imilenze
- Ukudinwa
- Ukuhla ukusinda
Olu luhlu alubandakanyi zonke iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na ezinye iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga, thetha nogqirha wakho ngazo.
Ingaba eli yeza liyasebenzisana namanye amayeza? (`Ukusebenzisana kwamayeza`)
Eli yeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-``(Atezolizumab)`` alikafundwa ngokupheleleyo ngendlela elisebenzisana ngayo namanye amayeza. Oko kukuthi,Oku kuthetha ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba oku kunokusebenzisana namanye amayeza owasebenzisayo, okanye kunokutshintsha indlela loo mayeza asebenza ngayo.
Ngoko ke, ngaphambi kokuba uqale olu nyango, kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho ngawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo ngoku - kungekuphela nje lawo achazwe ngugqirha wakho, kodwa nalawo uwathengayo kwikhemesti (umz. amayeza okudambisa iintlungu, amayeza omkhuhlane), amayeza esintu, imifuno, iivithamini, izongezo zokutya, njl. Kubalulekile nokwazisa ugqirha wakho ukuba utshaya, usela utywala, okanye usebenzisa ezinye iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni. Oku kungenxa yokuba ezinye izinto zinokuchaphazela ukusebenza kweli yeza. Emva koko ugqirha unokuthatha amanyathelo afunekayo ngokufanelekileyo.
Uligcina phi iyeza?
Akunyanzelekanga ukuba ukhathazeke ngale nto. Kuba, `(Atezolizumab)` ayiloyeza onokulithatha uye nalo ekhaya. Ligcinwa esibhedlele okanye kwikliniki yonyango lomhlaza ngeendlela ezikhethekileyo kwaye linikwa xa ulidinga. Ngoko ke akufuneki ukhathazeke ngokuligcina ekhaya.
Okokugqibela, khumbula oku (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)
Kulungile, ngoko ke ndicinga ukuba ufumene amanqaku abalulekileyo kwinto esithethe ngayo ngesitofu sokugonya i-`(Atezolizumab)`. Khumbula, olu luvumbululo olubalulekileyo kunyango oluphucukileyo olunokukunceda ulwe nomhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela izinto ekufuneka sizilumkele xa sisebenzisa iyeza elinamandla kangaka, kunye nemiphumo emibi enokubakho.
Ukuba unemibuzo okanye namathandabuzo amancinci malunga nale yeza, unyango, okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, ungaze woyike okanye ube neentloni ukubuza ugqirha wakho, umongikazi, okanye ikhemisti. Bakho ukukunceda nokuphendula imibuzo yakho.
Landela imiyalelo kagqirha ngqo kulo lonke unyango lwakho. Yiya ekliniki ngemihla emiselweyo, wenze uvavanyo olufunekayo. Emva koko uya kukwazi ukufumana okuninzi kolu nyango kwaye uphile ngokukhawuleza. Ndikunqwenelela ukuchacha ngokukhawuleza!
I- Atezolizumab, iyeza lomhlaza, i-antibody ye-monoclonal, i-Tecentriq, unyango lomhlaza, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, umhlaza we-urothelial
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