Ngaba ungumntu oqhelisela umzimba kakhulu? Masifunde nge "Intliziyo yoMdlali"?

Ubusazi na ukuba xa sizilolonga kakhulu, ingakumbi ukuba senza umthambo onzima ixesha elingaphezu kweyure ngosuku, intliziyo yethu inokuhlangabezana notshintsho oluthile? Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi "Athlete's Heart." Uninzi lwexesha, olu tshintsho alunabungozi, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ezi mpawu zinokufana nezo zezinye izifo zentliziyo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba uzazi.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwentliziyo yomdlali kunye ne-hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

Ekubeni ezinye zeziphumo zovavanyo (i-Electrocardiogram - EKG) kuzo zombini zinokubonakala zifana, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi umahluko ochanekileyo phakathi kwezi zimbini. Kuba enye iyingozi, enye ayiyingozi.

Yintoni iHypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?

Khawucinge nje, le yimeko enzima kancinci.

• Oku kunokubangela ukuba abadlali bafe ngenxa yokufa ngentliziyo ngesiquphe.
• Isithuba esingaphakathi kwe-ventricle yasekhohlo yentliziyo yakho siba sincinci.
• Udonga lwe-ventricle yasekhohlo lujiyile kakhulu kunodonga lwentliziyo yomntu onentliziyo yomdlali.

Ngoko ke yintoni iNtliziyo yoMdlali?

Oku akuyonto yokoyika.

• Oku akuyi kubangela ukuba abadlali bafe ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yintliziyo ngequbuliso.
• Isithuba esingaphakathi kwe-ventricle yasekhohlo yentliziyo yakho siba sikhulu.
• Udonga lwe-ventricle yasekhohlo luyaqina, kodwa alubi lukhuni kangako njengakwi-hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Ngubani ofumana le meko ibizwa ngokuba yintliziyo yomdlali?

Ngamafutshane, le meko, eyaziwa ngokuba yi "intliziyo yomdlali," ichaphazela malunga ne-2% yabadlali. Ayenzeki ngobusuku obunye. Ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abaye baziqeqesha nzima iminyaka emininzi, oko kuthetha ukuba benza umthambo onzima uninzi lwemini. Umzekelo, cinga ngabagijimi be-marathon, abaqubhi bemigama emide, kunye nabakhweli beebhayisekile. Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba le meko ixhaphake kakhulu phakathi kwabadlali abamnyama kunezinye iintlanga.

Intliziyo yomdlali iwuchaphazela njani umzimba wakho?

Cinga ngako, xa ubaleka, udada, okanye wenza naluphi na olunye uhlobo lomthambo onzima, izihlunu zakho zifuna ioksijini engaphezulu kunesiqhelo, akunjalo? Ngoko ke, ukuze uhlangabezane nale mfuno yokwanda kweoksijini, intliziyo yakho kufuneka isebenze nzima kancinci. Ngokukodwa, i-ventricle yasekhohlo yentliziyo yakho—igumbi eliphambili elipompa igazi elinomoya-mpilo ukuya kumzimba wakho wonke—liqala ukupompa igazi elingaphezulu kunesiqhelo, phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu. Le ventricle yasekhohlo yiyo esasaza igazi elinomoya-mpilo ukuya kumzimba wakho wonke nge-aorta.

Ngoko ke, njengoko uqhubeka usebenza imihla ngemihla ukuze uhlangabezane neemfuno zomzimba wakho zegazi kunye neoksijini engaphezulu, kanye njengokuba izihlunu zomntu ophakamisa iintsimbi zikhula, neventricle yakho yasekhohlo nayo ikhula.Imisipha yentliziyo iqala ukukhula kwaye iindonga zemisipha yentliziyo ziyatyeba. Le yindlela yentliziyo yokuziqhelanisa nomngeni omtsha.

Nangona kunjalo, xa uphumle, intliziyo yakho ayidingi kupompa igazi elininzi. Ngenxa yoko, intliziyo inokupompa igazi elifunekayo emzimbeni nokuba intliziyo ibetha kancinci. Esi sesona sizathu siphambili sokuba abantu abanentliziyo yomdlali babe nentliziyo ebetha kancinci kakhulu kunomntu oqhelekileyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba intliziyo isebenza kakuhle.

Zithini iimpawu zoku?

Nantsi into ebamangalisayo abantu abaninzi, kwaye kubalulekile ukuyazi. Akukho zimpawu zithile ze-athletic heart syndrome. Oko kuthetha ukuba nokuba unale meko, usenokungaziva ungonwabanga, iintlungu, okanye ukungonwabi.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufumana iintlungu esifubeni, ukuphefumla okufutshane, ukubetha kwentliziyo, okanye ukuquleka ngexesha lokuzilolonga, asikuko nje intliziyo yomdlali. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba yenye imeko yentliziyo, mhlawumbi enzulu. Ngoko ke ukuba uneempawu ezinjalo, ungazithathi lula. Kusoloko kububulumko ukubona ugqirha uze uhlolwe.

Zithini izizathu zentliziyo yomdlali?

Ngokwesiqhelo, abanye abadlali baba nale meko ibizwa ngokuba yintliziyo yomdlali emva koqeqesho olunzulu lokunyamezela okanye uqeqesho lwamandla. Oko kukuthi, ukubaleka umgama omde, iiyure zokudada, kunye nokukhwela ibhayisekile.

Ngokukodwa, imidlalo yokunyamezela yeyona inokubangela ukuba i-ventricle yasekhohlo yomdlali ikhule ngobukhulu kunye nobukhulu bodonga, kuba kwimidlalo enjalo intliziyo kufuneka ipompe igazi ixesha elide.

Nazi ezinye imidlalo ezinokubangela lo moya wezemidlalo:

• Ukubheqa
• Ukuqubha
• Ukutyibiliza eqhweni nge-cross-country - Nangona oku kungathandwa kangako eSri Lanka, oku kukwangumzekelo.
• Ukukhwela ibhayisekile
• Ukubaleka umgama omde

Uyazi njani ukuba unentliziyo yomdlali wezemidlalo?

Oku akuyonto onokuyifumana ekhaya. Ugqirha unokukuqinisekisa oku ngokuqinisekileyo. Baza kukuxilonga, bakubuze ngemidlalo yakho, ixesha oliziqeqesha ngalo, njl. Ukongeza, kukho ezinye iimpawu abaza kuzikhangela:

• Isandi sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga sisandi sentliziyo esivakalayo xa ugqirha emamele isifuba sakho nge-stethoscope.
• Izandi zokubetha kwentliziyo ezingaphezulu ezingaqhelekanga ukuba zikhona entliziyweni ephilileyo.
• Isantya sentliziyo esicothayo (bradycardia) xa uphumle – oko kukuthi, ngaphantsi kwe-60 beats ngomzuzu.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi luphantsi kancinci kunoluqhelekileyo.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo ukuqinisekisa oku?

Ukuba ugqirha unesikrokro, angenza uvavanyo oluninzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba oku akusiso esinye isifo sentliziyo esiyingozi:

• I-Electrocardiogram (EKG/ECG): Le yindlela yokulinganisa umbane wentliziyo. Abantu abanentliziyo yabadlali banokubonisa iingxaki ezithile xa bephumle, kodwa ezi mpawu ziyanyamalala ngokuzilolonga.
• I-Echocardiogram: Oku kufana ne-ultrasound scan yentliziyo. Ingabona ngokucacileyo izinto ezininzi ezifana nobukhulu bamagumbi entliziyo, ubukhulu beendonga, kunye nendlela esebenza ngayo iivalvu. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukwahlula phakathi kwentliziyo yomdlali kunye neemeko eziyingozi ezifana ne-Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ekhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla.
• I-X-reyi yesifuba: Oku kunokunika umbono ocacileyo wobukhulu kunye nokuma kwentliziyo.
• Uvavanyo lokuzilolonga lwentliziyo nemiphunga: Oku kuquka ukubaleka kwi-treadmill nokujonga indlela intliziyo nemiphunga yakho esabela ngayo kumthambo.
• I-MRI yentliziyo: Le ayisetyenziswa rhoqo ukuxilonga le meko.
• Uvavanyo loxinzelelo: Olu alusetyenziswa rhoqo.

Intliziyo yomdlali iphathwa njani?

Nazi ezinye iindaba ezimnandi! Isifo sentliziyo somdlali asifuni naluphi na unyango olukhethekileyo. Kuba asisosifo, yindlela eqhelekileyo nephilileyo yokusabela kwentliziyo xa isenza umthambo.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ugqirha wakho unamathandabuzo malunga nokuba unentliziyo yomdlali okanye enye imeko yentliziyo, efana ne-cardiomyopathy, ukuqinisekisa, angakucela ukuba uyeke ukuzilolonga okunzima kangangeenyanga ezintathu. Emva koko, baya kwenza olunye uvavanyo, olufana ne-echocardiogram, ukuze babone ukuba intliziyo yakho inciphile na ngobukhulu okanye ukuba bekukho naluphi na utshintsho.

Ingaba intliziyo yalo mdlali iyaphela?

Ewe, idla ngokuba njalo. Emva kokuba uninzi lwabadlali luyekile ukuziqeqesha kakhulu, okanye benciphise ukuqina koqeqesho lwabo, iintliziyo zabo zibuyela kancinci kancinci kubukhulu obuqhelekileyo kunye nobukhulu obuqhelekileyo. Oku kungathatha iinyanga ezininzi.

Nangona kunjalo, olunye uphando lufumanise ukuba malunga nama-20% abadlali bangaphambili abakwinqanaba eliphezulu babene-ventricle yasekhohlo ekhuliswe kancinci malunga neminyaka emihlanu emva kokuba beyekile ngokupheleleyo ukuzilolonga. Kodwa abazange baxele naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Ndingayinciphisa njani ingozi yoku?

Intliziyo yomdlali weqonga yindlela eqhelekileyo nephilileyo yokusabela kwentliziyo kumthambo onzima, ngoko ke ayisiyongxaki. Ngoko ke, akukho mfuneko yokwenza nantoni na ekhethekileyo "ukunciphisa umngcipheko." Enyanisweni, abanye abantu bacinga ukuba luphawu lwentliziyo enamandla.

Ukuba ndingumntu othanda ezemidlalo, ndimele ndilindele ntoni?

Ukuba ugqirha ukuxelela ukuba unentliziyo yomdlali, ungakhathazeki ngayo. Ukuzilolonga kulungile kakhulu entliziyweni yakho. Abantu abanentliziyo yomdlali abanamathuba amaninzi okufumana isifo sentliziyo kamva ebomini. Enyanisweni, uphando lwabadlali abakwizinga eliphezulu lufumanise ukuba uqeqesho lwabo lokunyamezela aluzange lubathintele ekubeni nesifo sentliziyo kamva ebomini. Kukwakho nobungqina bokuba baphila ubomi obude nobusempilweni kunomntu oqhelekileyo.

Intliziyo yomdlali ihlala ixesha elingakanani?

Kulula kakhulu. Intliziyo yomdlali inokuhlala ixesha elide logama nje uqhubeka nokuqeqesha nzima. Nokuba uyawunciphisa umfutho woqeqesho lwakho okanye uyeka ngokupheleleyo, intliziyo yakho iya kubuyela kubukhulu bayo obuqhelekileyo kunye nobukhulu bayo kwisithuba seenyanga ezintathu.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo. Nangona intliziyo yomdlali ingeyona ingozi, kukho ezinye iimpawu ekufuneka udibane nogqirha ukuba unazo. Kuba ezo mpawu zinokuba luphawu lwesinye isifo sentliziyo esinzima.

Ezo mpawu zezi:

• Ukuquleka ngequbuliso, ingakumbi ngexesha okanye emva kokuzilolonga.
• Intlungu yesifuba okanye ukuziva uxinezelekile esifubeni.
• Ukuva intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza/ukubetha kwentliziyo, ukuba ikwenza ungakhululeki.
• Ukuziva ungaphefumli kakhulu kunesiqhelo xa usenza umthambo.

Khumbula, ezi mpawu azinxulumananga nentliziyo yomdlali. Zinokubonisa ukuba unesifo semithambo yegazi okanye imeko yentliziyo eyingozi efana nale sithethe ngayo ngaphambili (i-cardiomyopathy). Ngoko ke lumka kakhulu ngezi mpawu, kwaye ukuba unazo, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Ndingaya nini kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) ?

Ukuba uziva ngathi unesifo sentliziyo (umz., iintlungu eziqatha embindini wesifuba, eziphuma engalweni, entanyeni, emhlathini, ekubileni, ekucaphukeni), fowunela u-1990 (inkonzo ye-ambulensi engxamisekileyo yaseSri Lanka) ngaphandle kokulibazisa. Kwakhona, ukuba ubona umntu ewile ngequbuliso, engazi nto, kwaye engaphenduli, fowunela iinkonzo ezingxamisekileyo ngokukhawuleza kwaye ucele uncedo.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ucinga ukuba unokuba nohlobo olwahlukileyo lwe-cardiomyopathy kune-athlete's heart, okanye ukuba bacinga ukuba akunjalo, baya kukuxelela ukuba uyeke ukuzilolonga okwethutyana ukuze uhlolwe imeko ngqo. Ukuba kunjalo, ungoyiki, kwaye ubuze ugqirha wakho ngale nto ilandelayo:

• "Ngaba kukho ezinye iimvavanyo endinokuzamela ukufumanisa ngakumbi ngale meko?"
• "Ukuba uyeka uqeqesho, kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuvavanywa kwakhona?"

Ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba oogqirha benze zonke iimvavanyo abanazo, ukuba kusekho ukurhanelwa kokuba unokuba ne-cardiomyopathy, kunokuba nzima ngokweemvakalelo ukuba uyeke ukuzilolonga okwethutyana ukuze ubone ukuba intliziyo yakho ibuyela esiqhelweni na. Imidlalo inokuba yinxalenye enkulu yobomi bakho.

Kodwa, cinga ngempilo yakho nekamva lakho. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto ngokukhululekileyo nangokunyanisekileyo. Nokuba imidlalo ibaluleke kangakanani kuwe, ubomi bakho bubaluleke nangakumbi, akunjalo?

Eminye imibuzo eqhelekileyo onokuyibuza ugqirha wakho ibandakanya:

• Ngaba kufuneka ndihlolwe rhoqo isifo sentliziyo?
• Ndifanele ndihlolwe kangaphi impilo yentliziyo yam?
• Ngaba kukho nantoni na kwiingxelo zam zovavanyo ethi amanye amalungu osapho lwam (umama, utata, abantakwethu noodadewethu) kufuneka bavavanywe isifo sentliziyo? (Oku kubalulekile kuba ezinye izifo zentliziyo zizuzwa njengelifa.)

Ngoko ke, yintoni umyalezo esimele siwuthathele ekhaya kweli bali?

Ngamafutshane, ukuba ungumntu oqhelisela kakhulu umzimba, ingakumbi umthambo wokunyamezela, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba intliziyo yakho itshintshe. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi "Athlete's Heart." Esi asisosifo siyingozi. Kwiimeko ezininzi, asifuni unyango, kwaye intliziyo ibuyela esiqhelweni xa unciphisa amandla oqeqesho lwakho okanye uyeka.

Nangona kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwahlula oku kwizifo zentliziyo eziyingozi ezifana ne-Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Kuba, ezo meko zifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo. Ke ngoko, ukuba uneempawu ezifana neentlungu zesifuba, ukuphefumla okufutshane, ubunzima obungaqhelekanga bokuphefumla, okanye ukubetheka esifubeni, khumbula ukuba ezi azizo iimpawu zentliziyo yomdlali, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo funa ingcebiso kagqirha. Nanini na xa unamathandabuzo, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha kwaye uhlolwe uxolo lwengqondo kunye nokhuseleko lwakho.

Khumbula, umthambo ubalulekile ukuze ube sempilweni, kodwa ukwenza umthambo ngokukhuselekileyo nangabom kubaluleke ngakumbi!

Intliziyo yomdlali weqonga, umthambo, impilo yentliziyo, i-hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, isantya sentliziyo, uvavanyo lwentliziyo, amayeza ezemidlalo