Sonke siya esibhedlele, kwiziko lokuhambisa izigulane, okanye ekliniki ukuze sifumane unyango lwesifo esithile. Kodwa khawucinge nje, kuthekani ukuba siya kunyango size sifumane usulelo olutsha ukongeza kweso sifo? Kunzima kakhulu ukukucinga. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kunokwenzeka. Yiyo loo nto sibiza ngokuthi “ iiNtsholongwane eziNxulumene nezeMpilo ” (ii-HAI) zizifo esizifumanayo xa sifumana unyango kwiziko lezempilo.
Zithini kanye kanye ezi zifo zinxulumene nesibhedlele (ii-HAI)?
Ngamafutshane, naluphi na usulelo olufumana esibhedlele, utyando, okanye ikliniki ukuze unyangwe enye imeko luwela kolu didi. Ezi ngamanye amaxesha zinokuba zizifo ezincinci, kodwa kwezinye iimeko, zinokubangela iimeko ezinzulu ezinokuba yingozi nakubomi.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuze usulelo luthathwe njengosulelo oluhambelana nesibhedlele, oku kulandelayo kufuneka kuhlangatyezwane nako:
- Ukuchongwa kosulelo zingadlulanga iiyure ezingama-48 emva kokungeniswa esibhedlele.
- Ukosuleleka kungadlulanga iintsuku ezi-3 emva kokuphuma esibhedlele.
- Usulelo zingadlulanga iintsuku ezingama-30 emva kotyando.
Eyona nto ibangela ezi zifo ziintsholongwane . Oko kukuthi, iintsholongwane ezifana neebhaktheriya , iintsholongwane kunye nefungi . Enyanisweni, uninzi lwazo zinokuthintelwa. Oku kufuna umzamo wokubambisana phakathi kwabasebenzi basesibhedlele, izigulane kunye neentsapho zabo.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zezifo ezinxulumene nesibhedlele?
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zosulelo olunokwenzeka esibhedlele. Makhe sijonge ezona ziphambili. Ndizibeke kwitafile efana nale ukuze kube lula ukuziqonda.
| Uhlobo losulelo | Kalula nje… |
|---|---|
| Usulelo lwe-C. diff (Clostridioides difficile) | Olu luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwentsholongwane olubangela ukudumba kwamathumbu kunye norhudo olunzima. Abanye abantu basenokuphinda babuye emva kweeveki ezimbalwa benalo. |
| Usulelo lwendlela yomchamo olunxulumene ne-catheter (CAUTI) | Izigulana ezine-catheter ixesha elide zinokuba nosulelo lwendlela yomchamo. Malunga nesinye kwisithathu sezifo ezinxulumene nesibhedlele zezo hlobo. |
| Usulelo lwegazi olunxulumene nomgca ophakathi (CLABSI) | Umgca ophakathi yityhubhu ekhethekileyo efakwa kumthambo omkhulu okufutshane nentliziyo ukuze inike amayeza kwaye itsale igazi. Oku kunokuvumela iintsholongwane ukuba zingene emzimbeni zize zibangele usulelo egazini. |
| Usulelo lwe-MRSA (i-Staphylococcus aureus engamelana neMethicillin) | Olu lusulelo oluqhelekileyo. Okumangalisayo ngale ntsholongwane kukuba ayixhathisi kwiintsholongwane eziqhelekileyo ezifana nepenicillin kunye ne-amoxicillin. |
| Usulelo kwindawo yotyando (SSI) | Ezi zifo zinokwenzeka kungekuphela nje kumphezulu wenxeba lotyando, kwizicubu ezinzulu, kwizitho zomzimba, kodwa nakwizixhobo ezifakwe emzimbeni, ezifana ne-pacemakers. |
| I-pneumonia enxulumene nomoya (VAP) | Izigulana eziqhagamshelwe kwi-ventilator zinokuba ne-pneumonia ukuba iintsholongwane zingena emiphungeni ngetyhubhu yokuphefumla. |
Zithini iimpawu zezi zifo?
Iimpawu zingahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo losulelo. Kodwa kukho iimpawu eziqhelekileyo onokuzibona. Ukuba unyangwa esibhedlele okanye usandul' utyando, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uqaphele ezi mpawu.
- Ifiva
- Ukungcangcazela ngenxa yokubanda
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla (i-Dyspnea)
- Ukukhwehlela
- Isisu esibuhlungu
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo
- Urhudo
- Ukuchama rhoqo kunesiqhelo (i-Polyuria)
- Ukutsha okanye intlungu xa uchama (Dysuria)
- Utshintsho kwimo yengqondo (umz., ukucaphuka, ukugqabhuka ngequbuliso komsindo)
Khawucinge ukuba usandul’ utyando kwaye usekhaya. Ukuba indawo otyandwe kuyo iba bomvu, idumbe, kwaye ulwelo olufana nobovu luphuma kuyo kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu, oko kungaba luphawu losulelo lwendawo yotyando (SSI). Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kufuneka utsalele umnxeba ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza .
Zisasazeka njani ezi zifo kwaye ngubani osengozini enkulu?
Ezi zifo zinokusasazeka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
- Ngamathontsi amathe angena emoyeni xa umntu onentsholongwane ekhohlela okanye ethimla .
- Xa abasebenzi bezempilo bechukumisa izigulana ngaphandle kokucoca izandla zabo kakuhle.
- Xa usebenzisa izixhobo zonyango ezingacocwanga iintsholongwane.
- Ngokuchukumisa iindawo (izibambo zomnyango, iibhedi) ezingcoliswe ziintsholongwane.
Ukuba usebenzisa ezi zinto zilandelayo ngexesha lonyango, umngcipheko wakho wokufumana usulelo olufunyenwe esibhedlele uphezulu kancinci.
- Ii-catheter zomchamo
- Umoya ongenisayo
- Iinaliti
- Utyando
Kuzo zonke ezi meko, ulusu, oluyimqobo yendalo yokukhusela umzimba wethu, luyagqobhozwa , nto leyo edala indlela yokuba iintsholongwane zingene emzimbeni. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukukhathalela ucoceko oluphezulu kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane kwiimeko ezinjalo.
Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ngenxa yolu sulelo?
Usulelo olufunyenwe esibhedlele aluyonto ilula. Ukuba alunyangwa kakuhle, lunokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu. Ezi ngxaki ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo losulelo.
| Uhlobo losulelo | Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka |
|---|---|
| Usulelo lwegazi oluQhelekileyo oluPhakathi (i-CLABSI) | Ukudumba kolwelo lwangaphakathi lwentliziyo (i-Endocarditis), usulelo lwamathambo (i-Osteomyelitis), ukusasazeka kweentsholongwane emzimbeni wonke (i-Sepsis). |
| Usulelo kwindawo yotyando (SSI) | Ukuphola kwenxeba okulibazisekileyo, isidingo sotyando olutsha, ukwaliwa kwezixhobo ezifakelweyo, i-sepsis. |
| Usulelo lwendlela yomchamo (CAUTI) | Usulelo oluphindaphindayo lwendlela yomchamo, i-sepsis. |
| I-pneumonia enxulumene nomoya (VAP) | Ukungaphumeleli kokuphefumla, ukuphelelwa ngamandla, i-sepsis. |
Iphathwa njani?
Ugqirha uza kuqala ahlole iimpawu zakho, aze ukuba ukhe watyandwa, ahlole inxeba. Ukuba kukho isifo esirhanelwayo, banokuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi okanye lomchamo ukuqinisekisa ukuba uxilongiwe.
Unyango lumiselwa ngunobangela wosulelo.
- Ii-antibiotics ukuba lusulelo lwebhaktiriya
- Ii-antivirals ukuba lusulelo lwentsholongwane
- Ii-antifungal ukuba lusulelo lwefungus
Kodwa kukho umceli mngeni omkhulu apha. Oko kukunganyangeki kwee-antibiotic . Oko kukuthi, ezinye iintlobo zeebhaktheriya ziyaqhelana namayeza ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye ziyaxhathisa loo mayeza. Le yingxaki enkulu xa kunyangwa izifo ezifunyenwe esibhedlele. Yiyo loo nto sithi masingasebenzisi ii-antibiotics ngokungeyomfuneko.
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Zingathintelwa njani ezi zifo?
Ukuthintela kungcono kunokunyanga, kwaye njengomguli, wena nosapho lwakho ningadlala indima enkulu koku.
- Gcina izandla zakho zicocekile: Ukuhlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha namanzi yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela ukusasazeka kweentsholongwane. Hlamba izandla zakho ngaphambi nasemva kotyelelo ngalunye esibhedlele, ingakumbi xa undwendwela isigulana.
- Musa ukoyika ukubuza imibuzo: Buza ugqirha okanye umongikazi onyangayo malunga namanyathelo okulawula usulelo abawalandelayo. Umzekelo, kulungile ukubuza, "Gqirha, ngaba uhlambe izandla zakho ngaphambi kokuba undinike inaliti?"
- Ukuba une-catheter yomchamo, lumka ngayo:Soloko ubuza ugqirha, "Ngaba le catheter isafuneka?" Kuba umngcipheko wokosuleleka uphezulu logama nje ikhona.
- Sebenzisa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele: Wathathe kuphela njengoko uyalelwe, ngokwedosi emiselweyo, ixesha elide elimiselweyo. Musa ukuyeka ukuwathatha phakathi.
- Yaziswa ngaphambi nasemva kotyando: Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba yintoni ekufuneka uyenze ukuthintela usulelo ngaphambi nasemva kotyando.
- Qaphela iimpawu zosulelo: Ukuba ubona naziphi na iimpawu zosulelo ezinje ngokuba bomvu, ukudumba, iintlungu, okanye ubomvu obujikeleze inxeba , yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Fumana imigonyo efunekayo: Fumana imigonyo ecetyiswayo, efana nomgomo womkhuhlane, ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Siya esibhedlele sinethemba lokuba siza kuphila. Kubuhlungu kakhulu ukuphinda sigule kwindawo enjalo. Kodwa khumbula, uninzi lwezi zifo zinokuthintelwa. Sonke sinoxanduva lokukhusela impilo yethu. Ukuba ubona into enokubeka wena okanye omnye umntu emngciphekweni wokosuleleka, ungathandabuzi ukwazisa abasebenzi bezempilo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Izifo ezinxulumene nesibhedlele (ii-HAI) zizifo ezifunyanwa ngexesha lonyango kwiziko lezonyango.
- Ezi zinokubangelwa ziibhaktheriya, iintsholongwane, okanye iifungi, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zinokuba yingozi kakhulu.
- Uninzi lwezi zifo lunokuthintelwa . Eyona ndlela ibalulekileyo nelula yokwenza oko kukuhlamba izandla zakho ngokufanelekileyo .
- Njengesigulana, unelungelo lokubuza imibuzo malunga nokhathalelo lwakho lwempilo. Buza iqela lakho lezonyango malunga neendlela zokulawula usulelo.
- Ukuba ubonakalisa naziphi na iimpawu zosulelo, ezinje ngomkhuhlane, ukubomvu, okanye ukudumba kwenxeba emva kokuphuma esibhedlele okanye emva kotyando, bonana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
Izifo ezinxulumene nesibhedlele, izifo ezibangelwa yi-nosocomial, izifo ezinxulumene nezempilo, izifo ezifunyenwe esibhedlele, i-C. diff, i-MRSA, i-CAUTI, izifo ezibangelwa kukutyandwa, i-sepsis, ukuthintela usulelo
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