Uninzi lwethu luyoyika xa sisiva igama elithi “umhlaza.” Yinto eqhelekileyo leyo. Nangona kunjalo, ayilocebo lilungileyo ukungathethi ngezinto ezibalulekileyo okanye ukungazami ukufunda ngazo ngenxa yolo loyiko. Umhlaza webele ngumbandela ekufuneka uwuqaphele, ingakumbi njengomfazi.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni umhlaza webele?
Imizimba yethu yenziwe ngeebhiliyoni zeeseli ezincinci. Ezi seli ziyahlukana, ziyakhula, kwaye ekugqibeleni ziyafa. Leyo yinkqubo eqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kumhlaza webele, ezinye iiseli ezisemabeleni ziqala ukwahlukana ngokungalawulekiyo nangokukhawuleza kunokuba kufanele. Eli qela leeseli elihlukanisiweyo ngokungaqhelekanga lenza "iqhuma" okanye "ithumba."
Amaxesha amaninzi, ezi seli zomhlaza ziqala kwiindlala ezivelisa ubisi (ii-lobules) zebele okanye kwimibhobho ethwala ubisi iye kwingono. Nangona ekuqaleni iphelela esifubeni, ukuba ayinyangwa, ezi seli zomhlaza zinokusasazeka ziye kwizicubu ezingqongileyo, ziye kwi-lymph nodes phantsi kwekhwapha, kwaye ukusuka apho ziye egazini ziye kwamanye amalungu omzimba ( njengesibindi , imiphunga, ingqondo, namathambo). Xa oku kusenzeka, siwubiza ngokuba ngumhlaza othi "Metastatic".
Qaphela ezi mpawu!
Amaxesha amaninzi, uphawu lokuqala lomhlaza webele luba sisiqhuma esisebeleni okanye ekhwapheni. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha kusenokungabikho zimpawu kwaphela kwizigaba zokuqala. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuzihlola amabele kwaye ufumane ii-mammograms xa useneminyaka yakho.
Ukuba unenye yezi mpawu zilandelayo, nceda ungoyiki kwaye ubone ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza.
| Uphawu | Okungakumbi malunga noku |
|---|---|
| Iqhuma okanye ukutyeba | Iqhuma okanye indawo etyebileyo esifubeni okanye ekhwapheni, nokuba incinci njenge-pea, enokuviwa ngesandla. Ihlala ihleli nasemva kokuba uye exesheni. |
| Utshintsho kubungakanani okanye kwimilo yebele | Elinye ibele likhulu ngokungaqhelekanga kunelinye, liyagoba, okanye litshintsha imo. |
| Ukukhupha ingono | Ukuba awungomama oncancisayo, unokufumana ulwelo olunegazi okanye olucacileyo ngaphandle kokucinezela ingono yakho. |
| Utshintsho lolusu | Ulusu lwebele lunokuba namabala, lutshone, lushwabene, lube namaxolo, okanye lube bomvu. |
| Utshintsho lweengono | Ingono eguqulweyo, utshintsho kwimo okanye kwindawo yayo, okanye ulusu olubuhlungu okanye oluqhekekileyo olujikeleze ingono (i-areola). |
| Intlungu | Nangona amaqhuma anomhlaza edla ngokungabi buhlungu, ngamanye amaxesha anokubangela intlungu engapheliyo ebeleni okanye kwingono. |
Khumbula, ayizizo zonke izigaqa zamabele ezibangela umhlaza. Zininzi izigaqa ezingenobungozi. Kodwa oko kuxhomekeke kugqirha wakho, hayi kuwe.
Kutheni umhlaza webele uvela? Zithini izinto ezibangela umngcipheko?
Akukho sizathu sinye somhlaza webele. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezininzi ezandisa amathuba, okanye "umngcipheko," wokufumana esi sifo. Masizahlule zibe ngamacandelo amabini.
Izinto esingenakuzilawula
- Ubudala: Abafazi abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 basengozini enkulu.
- Iijini: Ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho (ingakumbi umama wakho, udadewenu, okanye intombi yakho) ukhe waba nomhlaza webele, usemngciphekweni omkhulu. Ngokukodwa, utshintsho kwiijini `(BRCA1)` kunye `(BRCA2)` luyandisa kakhulu umngcipheko womhlaza webele .
- Imbali yakho: Ukuba ukhe waba nomhlaza kwelinye ibele, usengozini yokuba nawo nakwelinye ibele.
- Imbali yokuya exesheni: Ukuqala ukuya exesheni ngaphambi kokuba uneminyaka eli-12 ubudala kunye nokuya exesheni emva kweminyaka engama-55 ubudala kwandisa umngcipheko.
- Amabele Axineneyo: Ukuba amabele akho anezicwili ezininzi zamadlala kunamafutha, kunokuba nzima ukubona umhlaza kwi-mammogram.
Izinto esinokuzilawula
- Ukungawusebenzisi umzimba: Indlela yokuphila yokuhlala phantsi ngaphandle kokuzilolonga iyandisa umngcipheko.
- Ukutyeba kakhulu okanye ukutyeba kakhulu : Ukutyeba kakhulu akukuhle, ingakumbi emva kokuya exesheni.
- Ukusetyenziswa kotywala : Ukusela utywala yonke imihla kuye kwabonakala kwandisa umngcipheko womhlaza webele.
- Ukuba nabantwana: Ukuba nomntwana wakho wokuqala emva kweminyaka engama-30, ukungabi nabantwana, okanye ukungabancancisi abantwana bakho kunokunyusa kancinci umngcipheko wakho.
- Unyango lweehomoni: Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuthatha unyango lokutshintshwa kweehomoni (HRT) xa ufikelela exesheni.
Ugqirha uyifumana njani kanye kanye le nto?
Ukuba uziva iqhuma okanye ubona into ekrokrisayo kwi-mammogram, ugqirha wakho uza kuqalisa inkqubo yokuxilonga.
1. Uvavanyo lomzimba: Ugqirha uza kuhlola ngononophelo amabele akho kunye nendawo esemakhwapheni.
2. Uvavanyo lweMifanekiso:
- I-Mammogram: I-X-ray yamabele. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona amaqhuma kunye notshintsho oluthile.
- I-Ultrasound Scan: Oku kusebenzisa amaza esandi ukwenza umfanekiso wangaphakathi kwebele. Oku kunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba iqhuma liqinile okanye lizele lulwelo.
- I-MRI Scan (Umfanekiso weMagnetic Resonance): Olu vavanyo lusetyenziselwa ukufumana imifanekiso ecacileyo neneenkcukacha ezithe vetshe, ukuba kuyimfuneko.
3. Uvavanyo lwebhayoloji:
Eyona ndlela yokuqiniseka ngokupheleleyo ukuba ngumhlaza okanye akunjalo kukuhlolwa ngebhayoloji.
Oku kuquka ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci lesicubu kwiqhuma elirhanelekayo phantsi kwe-anesthesia kwaye ulihlolisise phantsi kwemakroskopu kusetyenziswa inaliti encinci kakhulu. Oku kunokumisela ngokuchanekileyo ukuba kukho iiseli zomhlaza okanye azikho, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, loluphi uhlobo lomhlaza.
Zithini iindlela zonyango? Akukho nto inokubangela ixhala!
Ukuba ufunyaniswe unomhlaza webele, ugqirha wakho kunye neqela lezonyango baya kuyila isicwangciso sonyango esikulungeleyo. Ngoku kukho unyango olusebenzayo noluphucukileyo lomhlaza webele. Isicwangciso sonyango sixhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nohlobo lomhlaza onalo, ukuba usasazeke kangakanani (inqanaba), ubudala bakho, kunye nempilo yakho iyonke.
Iindlela eziphambili zonyango zezi:
- Utyando: Oku kuquka ukususa iqhuma elinomhlaza kunye nenani elincinci lezicubu ezijikeleze lona (i-lumpectomy) okanye ukususa lonke ibele (i-mastectomy). Ngoku, rhoqo, utyando lwenziwa ukususa iqhuma kuphela, lishiye ibele liphelele.
- Unyango lweMisebe:Imitha enamandla aphezulu isetyenziselwa ukutshabalalisa naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza ezinokuthi zihlale emva kotyando.
- Unyango lweKhemotherapy: Kunikwa amayeza okubulala iiseli zomhlaza. La mayeza anikwa njengeepilisi okanye inaliti.
- Unyango lweeHormone: Ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza zichaphazeleka ziihomoni. Kwimihlaza enjalo, kunikwa amayeza athintela ukusebenza kwezo homoni.
- Unyango Olujoliswe Kulo: Olu lolona nyango lutsha. La mayeza ajolise kwiiproteni okanye kwiijini ezithile ezinceda iiseli zomhlaza zikhule kwaye ziyeke ukusebenza.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Nika ingqalelo emzimbeni wakho: Ukuba ubona naziphi na iziqwenga ezingaqhelekanga, iintlungu, okanye utshintsho emabeleni akho, musa ukuzityeshela. Musa ukoyika ukuzifihla.
- Zihlole: Zihlole amabele akho ubuncinane kanye ngenyanga. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba ungakwenza njani oku.
- Ukufunyanwa kwangoko kusindisa ubomi: Umhlaza webele unokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo ukuba ufunyenwe kwangethuba. Ngoko ke ungoyiki ukuvavanywa.
- Funa ingcebiso kagqirha: Musa ukwenza izigqibo ngokusekelwe koko ukufundileyo kwi-intanethi okanye okuvayo. Ukuba unamathandabuzo, bonana nogqirha ofanelekileyo ngoko nangoko.
- Awuwedwa: Kukho oogqirha, usapho, kunye nabahlobo abanokukunceda bakukhuthaze kolu hambo. Ukuhlala unethemba kwaye uqinile kubaluleke kakhulu kwimpumelelo yonyango.
Umhlaza webele, umhlaza webele , i-piyayuru pilika, iimpawu zomhlaza, i-piyayuru pilika lakshana, izizathu zomhlaza webele, i-mammogram, unyango lomhlaza, impilo yabasetyhini
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