Ingaba intliziyo yakho ibetha ngendlela engaqhelekanga ngequbuliso? Ngaba yiBrugada Syndrome?

Ngaba wakha walahlekelwa zingqondo ngequbuliso, waziva unesiyezi? Okanye waba nemvakalelo yokubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla? Ngamanye amaxesha ezi zinto zinokubangelwa yinto engembi kangako. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga, zinokuba ziimpawu zesifo sentliziyo esibizwa ngokuba yiBrugada Syndrome. Makhe sithethe ngale nto kancinci namhlanje, kuba kubalulekile ukuyiqonda.

Yintoni iBrugada Syndrome?

Ngamafutshane, iBrugada Syndrome yimeko ebangela ukusebenza okungaqhelekanga kombane kumagumbi asezantsi entliziyo yakho, abizwa ngokuba zii-ventricles. Oku kunokubangela ukuba intliziyo yakho ilahlekelwe sisigqi sayo ngequbuliso . Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -ventricular fibrillation okanye i-v-fib . Khawuthelekelele intliziyo yakho ibhabha endaweni yokupompa igazi ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kubangela ukuba ingqondo yakho ingafumani igazi elaneleyo. Kulapho ulahlekelwa khona kukuqonda (syncope) .

Oku kungaba yimeko eyingozi, kuba le 'v-fib' inokukhokelela nasekufeni ngesiquphe kwentliziyo . Uninzi lwexesha, oku kwenzeka xa uphumle okanye ulele. Abaphandi bathi iBrugada Syndrome ibangela malunga ne-4% yokufa ngesiquphe kwentliziyo kwihlabathi liphela.

Kodwa esi ayisosifo sixhaphakileyo. Malunga nabantu abathathu ukuya kwabane kwabalishumi lamawaka banale meko.

Zeziphi iimpawu ezibonakala?

Iimpawu zeBrugada Syndrome zinokuvela nakweyiphi na iminyaka. Nangona kunjalo, zihlala ziqala malunga neminyaka engama-40 ubudala. Abanye abantu basenokungabonakalisi zimpawu kwaphela. Abantu abangaphezu kwama-70% kuthiwa abanazo iimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iimpawu ziyavela, zingabandakanya:

• Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga (`ventricular arrhythmia`) : Oku kuthetha ukuba isingqisho sentliziyo siyaphazamiseka.
• I-Syncope: Ukulahlekelwa yingqondo ngequbuliso kunye nokuwa.
• Ukudinwa : Ukuziva ngathi ujikeleza.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla .
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo : Imvakalelo yokubhabha okanye ukujikeleza esifubeni.
• Ukuma kwentliziyo : Eli ngamanye amaxesha liphawu lokuqala ukubonakala. Abanye abantu banokufa belele ngenxa yesi sizathu.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba ufumana olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu rhoqo, kungcono ukubona ugqirha ukuze akunike ingcebiso.

Zithini izinto ezibangela i-Brugada syndrome?

Izinto ezithile zinokubangela ukuba iimpawu zeBrugada syndrome zivele ngequbuliso okanye zibe mandundu. Ezi sizibiza ngokuba 'zii-triggers'.

• Umkhuhlane : Ezi mpawu zinokwenzeka xa umntu one-Brugada syndrome eba nomkhuhlane.Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunciphisa umkhuhlane ngokukhawuleza . Nokuba une-implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), kusafuneka unciphise umkhuhlane. Oku kungenziwa ngamayeza okunciphisa umkhuhlane afumaneka kwikhemesti ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha.
• Ukudinwa bubushushu/Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni : Ukugcinwa kwamanzi emzimbeni, ukudinwa ngenxa yobushushu obugqithisileyo.
• Amanye amayeza :
• Izithinteli ze-sodium channel.
• I-Lithium.
• Ii-tricyclic antidepressants.
• Utywala : Ukusela utywala kakhulu.
• Iziyobisi : Ukusebenzisa iziyobisi ezifana ne-cocaine kunye ne-marijuana.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzazi ezi zinto nokuziphepha kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Zithini izizathu zoku?

Isizathu esichanekileyo seBrugada Syndrome ngamanye amaxesha asikaziwa . Okanye sisenokuba sisifo semfuza . Akukaziwa ukuba loluphi utshintsho lwemfuza olubangela esi sifo kubantu abamalunga nama-70%.

Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banezakhi zofuzo ezili-18 nangaphezulu. Eyona ixhaphakileyo kwezi zakhi zofuzo yizakhi zofuzo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-SCN5A . Ezi zakhi zofuzo ziphazamisa indlela ezihamba ngayo imiqondiso yombane entliziyweni.

Esi sisifo esinokufunyanwa ngumzali omnye kuphela . Oko kukuthi, umntwana womntu one-gene mutation enxulumene ne-Brugada syndrome unethuba elingama-50% lokukhula kwaso.

Ngubani onokuba nethuba elingcono lokuphuhlisa oku? (Izinto Ezinobungozi)

Esi sifo sixhaphake kakhulu kumadoda . Sixhaphake ngokuphindwe kasibhozo ukuya kwishumi kumadoda kunakubafazi.

Kwakhona, ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho oye wasweleka ngenxa yokuma kwentliziyo ngesiquphe, okanye ufunyaniswe ene-Brugada syndrome , kuya kuba bubulumko ukuba nawe uvavanyelwe oku.

Enye into kukuba kuthiwa esi sifo sixhaphake kancinci kubantu baseAsia .

Ugqirha uyixilonga njani le nto? (Uxilongo)

Ugqirha uza kwenza oku kulandelayo ukuze afumanise ukuba unayo na iBrugada Syndrome:

• Uza kuhlolwa umzimba .
• Imbali yakho yezonyango iya kuhlolwa.
• Baza kubuza ngembali yempilo yosapho lwakho (imbali yosapho lwakho) , ingakumbi ukuze babone ukuba kukho nabani na kusapho lwakho oye wafa ngequbuliso yintliziyo.
• Baza kukucela ukuba wenze iimvavanyo ezikhethekileyo ezininzi.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo?

Kukho iimvavanyo eziphambili ezininzi ezisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa esi sifo:

• Uvavanyo lwemfuzaOlu vavanyo lunokumisela ukuba unayo na i-gene mutation ethile enxulumene ne-Brugada syndrome ngokuthatha isampuli yamathe okanye igazi lakho. Kukwangumbono olungileyo ukwenza olu vavanyo ukuze kubonwe ukuba abanye abantu kusapho lwakho banayo na le gene mutation. Ingakumbi ukuba unesalamane esisondeleyo (`isihlobo senqanaba lokuqala`) esine-Brugada syndrome, njengabazali bakho, abantakwenu, okanye abantwana, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uhlolwe oku .
• I-Electrocardiogram (EKG okanye i-ECG) : Le isetyenziselwa ukurekhoda umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo yakho njengoko ibetha. Oogqirha bakhangela ipateni ethile (ipateni ye-EKG yohlobo lwe-Brugada syndrome) kwi-EKG. Ngamanye amaxesha ipateni ebuthathaka ebizwa ngokuba yi-type 2 okanye uhlobo lwe-3 inokubonwa, kodwa oko kukodwa akunakuqinisekisa isifo. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yezizathu ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla (umz. umkhuhlane), le pateni yohlobo lwe-2 okanye uhlobo lwe-3 inokutshintsha ibe yipateni yohlobo lwe-1. Ngamanye amaxesha le pateni ayibonakali kwangoko kwi-EKG, ngoko ugqirha unokuphinda i-EKG kabini okanye kathathu, etshintsha iileyiti. Ngamanye amaxesha, i-EKG nayo yenziwa emva kokutya okupheleleyo.
• I-EKG enamayeza (uvavanyo lomngeni weziyobisi) : Ngaphambi kwe-EKG, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza aza kunceda i-EKG yakho ibonakale ngokucacileyo ukuba unesifo seBrugada. Olu vavanyo lusetyenziselwa ukubona ukuba i-EKG yakho inephethini yohlobo 2 okanye uhlobo 3, enokutshintsha ibe yiphethini yohlobo 1.

Ngokuxhomekeke kwiziphumo zakho ze-EKG, uvavanyo olongezelelweyo lunokwenziwa:

• Uvavanyo lwe-Electrophysiology (EP) : Oku kuquka ukudlulisa ityhubhu encinci (i-catheter) ngomthambo omkhulu osemlenzeni wakho (umthambo we-femoral) entliziyweni yakho ukuze kulinganiswe umsebenzi wombane ongaphakathi entliziyweni yakho. Oku kungenziwa ukuba uxilongo alucaci emva kwezinye iimvavanyo.
• Uvavanyo lwelebhu: Uvavanyo lwegazi lwenziwa ukujonga amanqanaba ee-electrolytes ezifana ne-potassium, i-calcium, kunye ne-magnesium egazini, kunye nokujonga ezinye izizathu ezinokubangela ukungahambi kakuhle kwentliziyo.

Indlela yokunyanga? (Unyango)

Injongo ephambili yokunyanga iBrugada Syndrome kukuthintela ukwenzeka kwe -ventricular arrhythmias kunye nokuzilawula ngokukhawuleza ukuba ziyenzeka.

Ungazinika unyango olufana nolu:

• Amayeza anjenge -Isoproterenol .
• Amayeza afana ne -quinidine .
• Isixhobo esincinci esifakwe entliziyweni (Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator - ICD): Ukuba ukhe wahlaselwa yintliziyo (ventricular tachycardia), waphelelwa ngamandla, okanye wabanjwa yintliziyo, usenokuba ufakelwe i-ICD. Esi sixhobo sibona isingqisho sentliziyo esiyingozi kwaye sinike intliziyo umothuko omncinci wombane ukuze ibuyele esiqhelweni.
• Ukukhupha ( kwezinye iimeko): Oku kuquka ukuchonga nokutshabalalisa iindawo entliziyweni ezibangela imiqondiso yombane engaqhelekanga.

Nokuba awunazo iimpawu, ugqirha wakho unokugqiba ekubeni afake i-ICD ngokusekelwe kwimbali yosapho lwakho kunye neziphumo zovavanyo. Abanye oogqirha banokugqiba ekubeni bakuhlole rhoqo baze bakunyange kuphela xa ubonakalisa iimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, abanye oogqirha banokungavumelani nale ndlela, njengoko uphawu lwakho lokuqala lusenokuba kukufa ngesiquphe kwentliziyo.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingxaki kunyango?

Ii-ICD azizozixhobo ezingenakuphepheka ngokupheleleyo. Ngamanye amaxesha izinto ezinje zinokwenzeka:

• Ungenza umothuko ngexesha elingafanelekanga .
• Kusenokubakho isiphene kwenye yeentambo ezikwimatshini.
• Usulelo lunokwenzeka ngeenxa zonke kumatshini.

Ngoko ke, emva kokufakelwa i-ICD, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya kuvavanyo kanye njengoko ugqirha ecebisa.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuphiliswa?

Emva kokuba i-ICD ifakiwe, ungenza uninzi lwemisebenzi yakho eqhelekileyo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka uyeke ukuqhuba kangangeveki. Ungenza umsebenzi onzima yonke imihla, kodwa ungawenzi de udinwe. Musa ukuphakamisa iintsimbi okanye wenze umthambo onzima de ugqirha wakho akuxelele ukuba wenze njalo.

Ngaba oku kungathintelwa? (Ukuthintela)

Ukuba ufumene iBrugada Syndrome njengelifa kubazali bakho, ayinakutshintshwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uyazi ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho oneBrugada Syndrome, wena nezalamane zakho ningenza uvavanyo lwemfuza ukuze kubonwe ukuba ninayo na.

Kwakhona, ukuba unethemba lokuba nomntwana, ungadibana nomcebisi wezemfuza uze uthethe naye ngomngcipheko wokudlulisela oku kubantwana bakho.

Yintoni onokuyilindela xa uphila ne-Brugada syndrome?

Akukho nyango lweBrugada Syndrome. Nangona kunjalo, unyango lunokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokufa ngesiquphe kwentliziyo.

Abantu abane-Brugada syndrome abaneempawu kodwa abangafumani unyango basengozini enkulu yokufa ngesiquphe ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo. Le ngozi iphantsi kakhulu kubantu abangenazo iimpawu kwaye abane-EKG eqhelekileyo.

Ndingazinyamekela njani? (Ukuzinyamekela)

Ukuba ugqirha ukuxelela ukuba uneBrugada Syndrome, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuphepha izinto ezininzi ezinokubangela ukuba uxinezeleke kakhulu.

• Thintela umkhuhlane. Ukuba unesifo somkhuhlane, sehlise ngokukhawuleza.
• Musa ukusebenzisa amayeza nezinto ezithile . Cela ugqirha wakho uluhlu lwamayeza abangela ukuba ube ne-aleji kuwo.
• Kuphephe ngokupheleleyo utywala neziyobisi ngokugqithisileyo .
• Sela amanzi amaninzi ukuze ungaphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni .
• Lumka xa usenza imisebenzi enzima .

Udinga ukuya kugqirha nini? / Ngaba kufuneka uye kwigumbi likaxakeka?

Ukuba une-Brugada syndrome, kufuneka ubone ugqirha wakho ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka ukuze ahlolwe . Ukuba une-ICD, kufuneka uyihlolwe ubuncinane kabini ngonyaka . Ukuba uziva into engaqhelekanga, xelela ugqirha wakho .

Ingxamiseko! Ukuba une-cardiac arrest, awuyi kukwazi ukuzinceda. Ngoko ke, uya kufuna umntu oza kukunceda. Ukuba usemngciphekweni wokubanjwa yi-cardiac arrest, xelela usapho lwakho ukuba lufunde i-CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) , kwaye utsalele umnxeba ku-1990 (inkonzo ye-ambulensi yongxamiseko yaseSri Lanka) okanye inombolo yongxamiseko ekufutshane. Yazisa nendawo osebenza kuyo ngalo mngcipheko.

Imibuzo ebalulekileyo yokubuza ugqirha wakho

Xa usiya kugqirha, ungalibali ukubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Ngaba kufuneka ndibe ne-ICD?
• I-ICD kufuneka igcinwe njani?
• Ungandixelela ngeqela lenkxaso apho abanye abantu abanale meko banokudibana khona?
• Ngawaphi amayeza endifanele ndiwaphephe? Ungandinika uluhlu lwamayeza?
• Ngaba lonke usapho lwam kufuneka luvavanywe oku?

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Kuqhelekile ukuziva uxinezelekile xa ufumanisa ukuba unesifo esinokubangela ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo ngequbuliso. Nangona kunjalo, ukwazi ukuba usemngciphekweni kukunika ithuba lokuthatha amanyathelo okunciphisa loo mngcipheko . Ugqirha wakho uza kukufumana olona nyango lufanelekileyo kuwe.

Ukuba kunokwenzeka, kuya kuba luncedo kakhulu ukuba ikhaya lakho kunye nesikolo somntwana wakho sine -Automatic External Defibrillator (AED) . Kwakhona, cela abamelwane bakho kunye nabantu osebenza nabo ukuba bafunde i-CPR. Ezi zinto zinokunceda ekusindiseni ubomi. Hlala ulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho, fumana uhlolo rhoqo, kwaye uphephe izinto ezisongela ubomi .

Isifo seBrugada , ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo, ukuhla kwentliziyo ngesiquphe, izifo zofuzo, i-EKG, i-ICD, isifo sentliziyo