Ingaba umthambo wegazi wentliziyo uvalekile ngokupheleleyo? Masithethe nge (Chronic Total Occlusion - CTO)!

Ngaba wakha weva ngokuvaleka ngokupheleleyo komthambo wegazi othwala igazi entliziyweni? Ngamanye amaxesha oku kunokuhlala iinyanga. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-chronic total occlusion (CTO) kwezonyango. Eli libali elibalulekileyo, kodwa ungakhathazeki, kuba kubalulekile ukuliqaphela.

Yintoni i-Chronic Total Occlusion (CTO)? Masiyiqonde ngokulula.

Ngamafutshane, `(Chronic Total Occlusion)` okanye `(CTO)` kuthetha ukuba enye okanye ngaphezulu kwemithambo yentliziyo ehambisa igazi entliziyweni yakho ivalekile ngokupheleleyo, okanye i-100%, okanye. Sifaka igama elithi `(Chronic)` koku xa oku kuvaleka kuqhubeka iinyanga ezintathu nangaphezulu. Cinga ngako njengombhobho wamanzi ovalwe ngokupheleleyo yinto ethile. Oku kuthintela ioksijini kunye nezondlo ezifunekayo kwizihlunu zentliziyo. Oku kunokubangela iimpawu ezifana neentlungu zesifuba, ukuphefumla okufutshane, `(Dyspnea)` kwaye ngamanye amaxesha nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo. Le meko inokuba nzima kakhulu.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuphuhlisa oku (i-CTO)?

Enyanisweni, le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-`(Chronic Total Occlusion)` ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abane -Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) . Ngokwezinye izifundo, umntu omnye kwabathathu abane-`(CAD)` usenokuba ne-`(CTO)`.

Ngoku, izinto ezibangela umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa `(CTO)` zifana kakhulu nezo ze `(CAD)`. Ukuba ungumntu otshayayo, okanye ukuba ukwanazo ezi zinto zilandelayo ezibangela umngcipheko, unamathuba amaninzi okuphuhlisa `(CTO)`:

• Isalathisi sobunzima bomzimba (i-BMI) esingama-30 okanye ngaphezulu (oko kuthetha ukutyeba kakhulu).
• Isifo seswekile (iDiabetes Mellitus) .
• Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho onesifo sentliziyo (i-hereditary link).
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (iHypertension) .
• I-cholesterol ephezulu egazini (i-Hyperlipidemia) .
• Ukuba ukhe wahlaselwa yintliziyo okanye watyando lwe-coronary artery bypass ngaphambili.
• Ukuba uphila ubomi bokungasebenzi (oko kukuthi, ukungazilolongi).

Cinga ngomalume wethu uSunil. Utshaya icuba kakhulu, uneswekile eninzi kakhulu, kwaye unesifo soxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. Akazilolongi kakuhle. Abantu abanjalo basengozini enkulu yokuba nale meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-``(CTO)''.

(CTO) Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

Le meko, ebizwa ngokuba yi-``(CTO)``, iba yinto eqhelekileyo xa umntu ekhula. Ngokwezibalo:

• Malunga nama -37% abantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala.
• Malunga nama -40% abantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-65 ukuya kwengama-79 ubudala.
• Malunga nama -41% abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-85 ubudala.

Le yindlela esebenza ngayo. Nangona kunjalo, imeko ethi `(CTO)` isenokuba ixhaphake kakhulu kuluntu kunokuba iingcali ziqikelela. Kuba abanye `(CTO)` ababonisi zimpawu. Ngenxa yoko, abanye abantu basenokungazi nokuba banayo `(CTO)`. Oko kukuthi, ngaphandle kokufumana uxilongo olusemthethweni.

Zithini iimpawu ze-(Chronic Total Occlusion)?

Kulungile, ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iimpawu onokuzifumana ukuba une-`(CTO)`. Ezi mpawu ngamanye amaxesha zinokunyuka xa udiniwe, xa uzilolonga, kwaye zinciphe xa uphumle. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokuzibona ezi mpawu nangona bephumle. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ngamanye amaxesha awunakuba nazo zonke iimpawu.

Iimpawu eziphambili ezinokubonwa zezi:

• Intlungu esifubeni, ukuqina, okanye uxinzelelo , ngokungathi kukho umntu ocinezela isifuba sakho.
• Ndiziva ndinesizungu .
• Ukudinwa kakhulu . Ukudinwa nokuba sele wenze into encinci.
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga .
• Isicaphucaphu .
• Ukugxabha okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza .
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla (Dyspnea) . Uziva uphelelwa ngumphefumlo nokuba sele uhambe okwethutyana.
• Intlungu eqala egxalabeni iye ezantsi engalweni .

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, kungcono ukubona ugqirha ukuze akunike icebiso, kuba ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zesifo sentliziyo.

Yintoni esona sizathu siphambili sokusekwa kwe (CTO)?

Ngamafutshane, imbangela ephambili ye-`(Chronic Total Occlusion)` kukubekwa kwento enamafutha kwenye okanye ngaphezulu kwemithambo yakho yentliziyo. Siyibiza ngokuba yi -`plaque` . Ngenxa yokubekeka kwale plaque, udonga lwemithambo yegazi luyacutheka kancinci kancinci kwaye lube lukhuni. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yi -`(Atherosclerosis)` kunyango. Xa le meko ye-`(Atherosclerosis)` isenzeka kwimithambo yakho yentliziyo, siyibiza ngokuba yi -Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) . Ngokuhamba kwexesha, le plaque iyaqokelelana kwaye ekugqibeleni imithambo yegazi ivalwe ngokupheleleyo (100%). Kulapho `(CTO)` yenziwe khona.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani iChronic Total Occlusion? (Ukuxilongwa)

Oogqirha badla ngokusebenzisa uvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-coronary angiogram ukuze kufunyaniswe ukuvaleka okupheleleyo okungapheliyo. Oku kuquka ukufaka idayi ekhethekileyo (idayi yokwahlula) kwimithambo yegazi engalweni okanye emlenzeni wakho. Le dayi yenza imithambo yegazi yakho ibonakale ngokucacileyo kwi-X-ray. Ugqirha unokubona indlela igazi elihamba ngayo kwimithambo yegazi yakho yentliziyo kunye nokuba kukho na ukuvaleka.

Ukongeza, ugqirha angenza nezinye iimvavanyo ezininzi. Ezinye zezi ziquka:

• I-MRI yentliziyo: Oku kukuvumela ukuba ubone ulwakhiwo lwentliziyo kunye nokujikeleza kwegazi.
• Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwentliziyo : Olu vavanyo lwenzelwe ukubona indlela intliziyo yakho esabela ngayo xa uzilolonga, njengokubaleka kwi-treadmill.
• I-Echocardiogram (Echocardiogram - echo) : Oku kunokuvavanya iindonga zentliziyo, iivalvu, kunye nendlela igazi elihamba ngayo entliziyweni.
• I-Electrocardiogram (EKG) : Oku kunokujonga iimpawu zombane zentliziyo kunye nesingqisho sentliziyo.

Kuphela emva kokwenza zonke ezi mvavanyo apho ugqirha afikelela kwisigqibo esiqinisekileyo malunga ne-``(CTO)''.

Iphathwa njani i-(CTO)?

Kukho iinjongo ezimbini eziphambili xa unyanga umntu one-`(CTO)`. Enye kukunciphisa iimpawu . Enye kukunciphisa umngcipheko wesiganeko esinxulumene nentliziyo, njengokuhlaselwa yintliziyo . Uhlobo lonyango olufunayo luya kuxhomekeka ekubeni iimpawu zakho zinzima kangakanani na nokuba sele unyangwa i-`(CAD)`.

Ugqirha wakho angacebisa olu nyango:

• Ukungenelela kweCoronary Percutaneous (PCI) : Oku kudla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi -angioplasty kunye ne-stenting . Kule nkqubo, ugqirha wakho ufaka ityhubhu encinci, engenanto (i-catheter) engalweni okanye esihlahleni sakho kwi-coronary artery entliziyweni yakho. Emva koko, ibhaluni encinci ivuthelwa nge-catheter ukuze ityhale i-plaque evalekileyo ecaleni. Emva koko, ityhubhu encinci ye-mesh (i-stent) ifakwa kwi-artery ukuze ingaphinde inciphe. Oku kubuyisela ukuhamba kwegazi.

• I-Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) : Olu lutyando lwentliziyo evulekileyo. Kule nkqubo, ugqirha uthatha umthambo ophilileyo okanye umthambo kwenye indawo yomzimba wakho (ngesiqhelo umlenze okanye isifuba sakho) aze adale indlela entsha (i-bypass) ejikeleze umthambo wentliziyo ovalekileyo. Kufana nokuthatha indlela eyahlukileyo xa kukho i-blockage endleleni.

Khumbula, zombini ezi ndlela zonyango zinokunyanga ngempumelelo imeko `(CTO).` Ugqirha wakho uza kukunceda ukhethe unyango olulungele wena.

Iyintoni ikamva elilindelweyo ngesikhundla se-(CTO)?

I-Chronic Total Occlusion yimeko enzima, kodwa ungakhathazeki, le meko ingalawulwa kakuhle ngonyango olufanelekileyo.

Ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuba i-PCI inokuyinyanga ngempumelelo i-CTO kwizigulane ezifikelela kwi -86% , ngelixa ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuba i-CABG inokunyanga ngempumelelo malunga ne -60% yezigulane.

Ngoko ke, ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye notshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo, ungaphila ubomi obusempilweni.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Ukuba une-`(Chronic Total Occlusion)`, okanye ukuba ucinga ukuba usenokuba nale meko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Zithini iimpawu zokuqala ze-`(CTO)`?
• Zeziphi iimvavanyo ekufuneka ndizenze ukuze ndifumanise ukuba `(CTO)`?
• Zeziphi iinguqu endinokuzitshintsha kwindlela endiphila ngayo ukuze ndinciphise umngcipheko wokuba ne-`(CTO)`? (umz. ukutya, umthambo)
• Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-`(CTO)`? Yeyiphi engcono kum?
• Lithini ithuba lokuba i-CTO iphinde ivele emva konyango? Yintoni enokwenziwa ukuyithintela?

Buza le mibuzo ukuze uqonde kakuhle imeko yakho. Emva koko ungaluxhasa ngcono unyango lwakho.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Kulungile, ngoko ke, ngamafutshane, ezi zezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule malunga ne-`(Chronic Total Occlusion - CTO)` esithethe ngayo.

Ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi yentliziyo (i-CTO) yimeko apho imithambo yegazi yentliziyo ehambisa igazi entliziyweni yakho ivalwe ngokupheleleyo kangangeenyanga ezingaphezu kwezintathu. Oku kunokunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi entliziyweni kwaye kukhokelele kwiingxaki ezinkulu, ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo.

Nangona kunjalo, ngokuxilongwa ngokufanelekileyo kunye nonyango, iimpawu zinokulawulwa kwaye ubomi obuhle bunokuphilwa. Zombini i-Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) kunye ne-Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-CTO ngempumelelo.

Ukuba unamathandabuzo okanye imibuzo malunga noku, bubulumko ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza . Lumka intliziyo yakho!

Isifo sentliziyo , umthambo wentliziyo, umthambo ovalekileyo, i-CTO, uhlaselo lwentliziyo, i-angioplasty, utyando lwe-bypass