Uloyiko olukhulu kuninzi lwethu kukuba nesifo sentliziyo. Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba bekuya kuba mnandi kangakanani ukuba nohlobo oluthile lwesilumkiso kwangethuba ngale meko, ethi ngamanye amaxesha ivele ngequbuliso ngaphandle kweempawu? Kaloku, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngovavanyo olukhethekileyo olusinika ulwazi olubaluleke kakhulu malunga nempilo yemithambo yegazi entliziyweni yakho. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiCalcium Score Test.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni le Calcium Score Test?
Olu luvavanyo olukhethekileyo lwe-CT scan (Computed Tomography Scan). Lujonga i-calcium deposits kwimithambo yegazi ephambili enika igazi entliziyweni yakho, imithambo yentliziyo.
Ngoku usenokuba ucinga, "I-calcium ilungele amathambo, akunjalo? Kutheni ingaba yingxaki ukuba ikwimithambo yegazi yentliziyo?" Ewe, elo bali liyinyani. Nangona kunjalo, oku kwakheka kwe-calcium kwenzeka ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Cinga ngemibhobho yamanzi endlwini yethu. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, izinto ezifana nomhlwa kunye nothuli ziyaqokelelana ngaphakathi kwezo mibhobho, zinciphisa indawo ngaphakathi kwemibhobho, akunjalo? Ngokufanayo, izinto ezifana ne-cholesterol kunye namafutha ziyaqokelelana ngaphakathi kwimithambo yegazi yethu yentliziyo, zenze umaleko esiwubiza ngokuba yi-'plaque' . Kwizonyango, siwubiza lo mbandela ngokuba yi-Atherosclerosis okanye i-Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) . Ekuhambeni kwexesha, le plaque iyaqina kwaye i-calcium iqokelelana kuyo.
Ngoko ke, into eyenziwa lolu vavanyo lweCalcium Score kukufumanisa ukuba zingaphi kwezo ndawo zibotshelelwe kwicalcium, kwaye zingakanani na kuzo. Ukwanda kweli nqanaba lecalcium luphawu oluhle lokuba i-plaque iyanda ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yakho, kwaye imithambo yegazi iyancipha kancinci kancinci. Oku kunokusinika umbono olungileyo womngcipheko wokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kwixesha elizayo.
Ngubani ofuna ukwenza olu Vavanyo lweCalcium Score?
Olu ayilovavanyo olucetyiswayo kuwo wonke umntu. Luluncedo kakhulu kubantu abasengozini yesifo sentliziyo kodwa abangekabi nazo iimpawu (umz., iintlungu zesifuba, ukuphefumla kancinci) . Abantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama -40 ukuya kwengama-70 ubudala abanenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zinto zilandelayo zomngcipheko banokuthetha nogqirha wabo malunga nolu vavanyo.
| Into Engumngcipheko | Okungakumbi malunga noku |
|---|---|
| Imbali yosapho | Ukuba izalamane zakho ezisondeleyo, ezinje ngomama wakho, utata, abantakwenu, okanye nabani na omnye, ziye zaba nesifo sentliziyo zisencinci (ngaphantsi kweminyaka engama-55 ubudala kumadoda, ngaphantsi kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala kubafazi). |
| Ukusetyenziswa kwecuba | Ukuba ngoku utshaya okanye ukhe watshaya ngaphambili. |
| Ezinye iimeko zonyango | Ukuba une-cholesterol ephezulu, isifo seswekile, okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. |
| Ukutyeba kakhulu okanye ukutyeba kakhulu | Ukuba i-body mass index yakho (BMI) ingaphezulu kwama-25 (ubunzima obugqithisileyo) okanye ingaphezulu kwama-30 (utyebile kakhulu). |
| Indlela yokuphila yokungenzi nto | Ukuba ungumntu ongawulolongi ngokwaneleyo umzimba kwaye uhlala phantsi uninzi losuku. |
Ukongeza, abanye abantu banokuba nesifo esidluliselwa kwilifa esibizwa ngokuba yi-familial hypercholesterolemia . Umntu onjalo unokuqwalaselwa kolu vavanyo nokuba ungaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala.
Kodwa kukho into enye ekufuneka uyikhumbule. Olu vavanyo lujonga kuphela iiplaque eziqinileyo eziqine ngecalcium. Alukwazi ukubona iiplaque ezintsha, ezithambileyo ezinokuqhekeka ngamanye amaxesha zibangele isifo sentliziyo. Ngoko ke asilulo uvavanyo oluchanekileyo olupheleleyo lomngcipheko wakho. Lusesinye nje isixhobo sokunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba agqibe ukuba kufuneka uqale ukuthatha amayeza okunciphisa i-cholesterol njengee -statins .
Olu vavanyo kufuneka lwenziwe kangaphi?
Ngokubanzi, ukuba uthatha olu vavanyo okokuqala kwaye iziphumo zingu-'Zero', oko kuthetha ukuba umngcipheko uphantsi kakhulu okwangoku. Ukuba ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba umngcipheko usephantsi, kunokufuneka wenze olunye uvavanyo kwiminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwemi-5.Kunokubakho iingenelo ezithile zokuphinda uvavanyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iziphumo zakho bezingaqhelekanga (zingaphezulu kwe-zero) ubuncinane kanye, akukho nzuzo ingako ekuphindeni uvavanyo. Kwimeko enjalo, kufuneka kugxilwe kunyango kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila.
Ngubani ongafanele abhale olu vavanyo?
Olu vavanyo aluze lwenziwe kubafazi abakhulelweyo kuba imitha ekhutshwa yi-CT scan inokuba yingozi kumntwana osesibelekweni.
Kwakhona, olu vavanyo alusebenzi kangako kwiimeko ezilandelayo.
- Kumntu ongenazo izinto ezinokubangela isifo sentliziyo .
- Kumntu osele esazi ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu wesifo sentliziyo (aba bantu bayaludinga unyango nangona kunjalo).
- Kumntu osele efunyenwe eneSifo seMithambo yeCoronary .
- Umntu osele eneempawu zesifo sentliziyo (ezifana neentlungu zesifuba) .
- Nabani na okhe wafumana unyango lwesifo semithambo yegazi (umz. ukubekwa kwe-stent, utyando lwe-bypass) .
Kwiimeko ezinje, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nezinye iimvavanyo ezifanelekileyo zokuxilonga okanye ukujonga imeko yakho.
Ulungiselela njani uvavanyo? Ulwenza njani uvavanyo?
Olu luvavanyo olulula kakhulu, olungenabuhlungu. Ngoko ke akukho sizathu sokoyika. Yonke le nkqubo ithatha imizuzu eli-10 ukuya kweli-15 kuphela.
Ngaphambi kovavanyo...
- Qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ngazo naziphi na izinto ezibangela ukuba ungabi namdla kwizinto ezithile, amayeza owasebenzisayo, nokuba ukhulelwe okanye ungakhulelwa.
- Kuphephe ukutya, iziselo, ukutya okune-caffeine njengekofu, kunye neemveliso zecuba kangangeeyure ezine ngaphambi kovavanyo.
- Kuya kufuneka ukhuphe naziphi na izinto zesinyithi ozinxibileyo, ezinje ngamacici, imigexo, kunye neeglasi.
- Uza kunikwa ilokhwe yesibhedlele oza kuyinxiba.
Ngexesha lovavanyo...
- Uza kulaliswa ebhedini ekhethekileyo uze emva koko uhanjiswe kumatshini wokuskena omile okwedonathi enkulu.
- Ingcali iza kucoca (kwaye mhlawumbi ichebe) iindawo ezintathu zesifuba sakho ize incamathisele ii- electrode ezincinci, ezincamathelayo.
- Ezi electrode ziqhagamshelwe kumatshini we-EKG (Electrocardiogram) , orekhoda umsebenzi wentliziyo yakho ngexesha lovavanyo. Oku kuvumela ukuba iskeni ithathe imifanekiso yesingqisho sentliziyo yakho.
- Umntu osebenzisa umatshini ukujongile ngeglasi kwigumbi elahlukileyo. Ungathetha naye uze uve ukuba uthini.
- Ngexesha lokuskena, uza kucelwa ukuba ubambe umphefumlo wakho imizuzwana eli-10 ukuya kwengama-20 . Oku kwenzelwa ukunceda ufumane imifanekiso ecacileyo.
- Emva koko, inkqubo yekhompyutha ihlalutya le mifanekiso ukuze ibone ukuba kukho i-calcium deposits kwimithambo yentliziyo.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kovavanyo? Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi?
Xa uvavanyo luphelile, ungaqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo. Akukho miqathango yokutya okanye yokusela.
Xa sithetha ngeengozi, ekubeni kungekho dayi yokwahlulahlula efakwa emzimbeni kolu vavanyo, akukho ziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinxulumene noko.
Olu luvavanyo lwe-CT scan, ngoko ke uchaphazeleka kumlinganiselo omncinci kakhulu wemitha. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, ubungakanani bemitha oyifumanayo bufana nomlinganiselo wemitha ovezwa ngumzimba wakho kwindalo esingqongileyo ngonyaka. Ngoko ke umngcipheko womhlaza uphantsi kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, kumntu ongaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala ofumana uvavanyo lwe-CT scan rhoqo, umngcipheko unokuba phezulu kancinci. Yiyo loo nto oku kwenziwa kuphela kwabo baludingayo.
Ungaziqonda njani iziphumo?
Iziphumo zihlala zifumaneka kwiintsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-2. Ingcali ye-radiology iya kuhlola iiskeni, ilungiselele ingxelo, ize iyithumele kugqirha wakho.
Uvavanyo 'oluqinisekileyo' luthetha ukuba i-calcium ifakwa kwimithambo yakho yentliziyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba unesifo semithambo yentliziyo (CAD). Uya kunikwa amanqaku ngokusekelwe kubungakanani be-calcium efunyenweyo. La manqaku anokuhluka ukusuka kwi-zero ukuya kwi-1000.
| Ixabiso leKhalsiamu | Ithetha ntoni le nto? |
|---|---|
| 0 (zero) | Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'Negative' scan. Akukho calcium deposits. Umngcipheko wokuba nesifo sentliziyo kwiminyaka emi-2-5 ezayo uphantsi kakhulu. |
| 1 - 100 | Akukho bungqina buncinci bokuba isifo semithambo yegazi yentliziyo (CAD) sikhona. Umngcipheko uphantsi, kodwa utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila lubalulekile. |
| 101 - 400 | Kukho ubungqina obuphakathi besifo semithambo yentliziyo (CAD). Umngcipheko wokuba nesifo sentliziyo kwixesha elizayo uphakathi. Ugqirha uya kukhuthaza ukuba kuqalwe unyango. |
| Ngaphezulu kwama-400 | Kukho ubungqina obuqinileyo besifo semithambo yegazi (CAD). Kusenokubakho ukwakheka kweplaque kwimithambo yegazi. Umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa yintliziyo uphezulu. Unyango olukhawulezileyo kunye novavanyo olongezelelweyo lunokufuneka. |
Khumbula, eli nqaku lodwa alisosigqibo sodwa osenzayo. Ugqirha wakho uza kuqwalasela esi siphumo kunye nayo yonke into, njengembali yosapho lwakho, indlela ophila ngayo, amanqanaba e-cholesterol, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi, ukuze afumane umfanekiso opheleleyo womngcipheko wakho.
Ukuba iziphumo aziqhelekanga, yintoni oyenzayo emva koko?
Ukuba amanqaku akho angaphezulu kwe-zero, oko kuthetha ukuba usemngciphekweni. Ngelo xesha, ugqirha wakho unokukuthumela kwingcali yentliziyo. Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo kunye nezinye izinto ezinobungozi, banokucebisa oku kulandelayo:
- Ukuqala amayeza okulawula i-cholesterol afana nee -statins .
- Ukuzibandakanya ekuzilolongeni imihla ngemihla.
- Ukwenza utshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo (ukunciphisa ioyile, iswekile, ityuwa, ukutya iziqhamo nemifuno emininzi).
- Ukuthunyelwa kwi -test ezongezelelekileyo ukuba kuyimfuneko.
- Ndwendwela ugqirha rhoqo kwaye ubeke iliso kwimeko .
Ingaba olu vavanyo lubonisa ngokuchanekileyo ukuba umthambo uvalekile?
Hayi, akunjalo. Olu vavanyo lubonisa kuphela ukuba i-calcium ifakiwe na kwaye i-plaque yenziwe kwiindonga zemithambo yegazi. Oku kunika uphawu lokuba inkqubo yokuncitshiswa kwemithambo yegazi iqalile na.
Nangona kunjalo, ayinakukwazi ukumisela ukuba umthambo uvalekile kangakanani okanye ukuba igazi lihamba kakuhle kangakanani kuwo. Kukho ezinye iimvavanyo ezikhethekileyo zaloo nto, ezifana ne-angiogram. Uvavanyo lweCalcium Score luvavanyo olukhawulezayo nolungenabuhlungu olunokusetyenziswa ukuvavanya umngcipheko wexesha elizayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Uvavanyo lweCalcium Score luvavanyo olukhethekileyo lweCT olujonga ukuba ingakanani na icalcium edityanisiweyo kwimithambo yegazi yentliziyo yakho.
- Oku kuluncedo ngakumbi ekuvavanyeni umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kwixesha elizayo kubantu abasengozini yesifo sentliziyo kodwa abangekabi nazo iimpawu.
- Ukuba amanqaku akho ayi-zero (0), ezo ziindaba ezimnandi kakhulu. Oku kuthetha ukuba umngcipheko uphantsi kakhulu okwangoku.
- Njengoko amanqaku enyuka, umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo uyanda, nto leyo edinga unyango kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila.
- Iziphumo zolu vavanyo ziyinxalenye nje yebali. Izigqibo zokugqibela zenziwa ngugqirha wakho emva kokuqwalasela lonke ulwazi lwakho lwezempilo.
- Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nolu vavanyo okanye iziphumo zalo, ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha wakho.
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