Ngaba nawe ukhe waba nale ngxaki ngemithambo yegazi yobuchopho bakho? (Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy - CAA) Masithethe ngale nto!

Ngamanye amaxesha siziva sinesizungu, akunjalo? Okanye inkumbulo yethu ibonakala ibuthathaka kancinci. Abanye banokucinga ukuba le yinto eqhelekileyo eyenzekayo njengoko sikhula. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha oku kunokuba nzulu ngakumbi kunoko. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngento efana nale. Oko kukuthi, malunga nemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy)` okanye `(CAA)`.

Yintoni `(Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy - CAA)`?

Ngamafutshane, i-Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA) yimeko apho iproteni engaqhelekanga iqokelelana kwimithambo yegazi emincinci engqondweni yethu, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ithambe kancinci kancinci ize ikhuphe igazi. Eyona nto ibangela oku kukuqokelelana kweproteni engaqhelekanga ebizwa ngokuba yi-amyloid kwiindonga zemithambo yegazi engqondweni. Cinga ngayo njengombhobho wamanzi ovalekayo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, le protein ye-amyloid ibangela ukuba iindonga zemithambo yegazi zibe buthathaka, zibe buthathaka, kwaye zonakale lula.

Xa imithambo yegazi iba buthathaka ngale ndlela, igazi liqala ukuvuza lingene engqondweni. Ngamanye amaxesha oku kuvuza kuncinci kakhulu, njenge- "microbleeds" . Oko kukuthi, amathontsi amancinci egazi ayaphuma. La mancinci kangangokuba ngamanye amaxesha asiboni zimpawu. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha oku kunokufikelela kwi- "intracranial hemorrhage" , oko kukuthi, ukopha okukhulu ngaphakathi kwengqondo. Ukuba oku kuphuma kwegazi, kungonakalisa izicubu zobuchopho kwaye kubangele iingxaki ezinkulu.

Le meko, ebizwa ngokuba yi-"CAA", ikwachongiwe njengesizathu esiphambili semeko ebizwa ngokuba yi- "cognitive decline" . "(Cognitive decline)" ibhekisa ekuwohlokeni kancinci kancinci kwamandla ethu okucinga, njengenkumbulo, ingqalelo, ukuqiqa, kunye nezakhono zokusombulula iingxaki. Kufana nokuba "iprosesa" yengqondo yethu "iyacotha." Ngokutsho kweengcali, phakathi kwama-23% nama-29% abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 banokuba nale meko "(CAA)" kwinqanaba eliphakathi okanye elinzima. Oko kuthetha ukuba ayinqabile kangako.

Ziziphi iimpawu ezinokubakho ze-`(CAA)`?

Iimpawu ezibonakalayo kule meko azifani kuye wonke umntu. Kuxhomekeke ekubeni lingakanani igazi elivuzayo engqondweni.

Cinga ukuba abanye abantu banokuba ne-"CAA" ngaphandle kweempawu. Isizathu kukuba banee-blood breaks ezincinci kakhulu, ezingabonakaliyo ebuchotsheni babo (``ii-microbleeds ezithuleyo''), ezingabonakaliyo. Kufana namanzi aphuma kancinci kancinci emngxunyeni omncinci, kodwa akukho manzi avuzayo aneleyo ukuba azalise ibhakethi.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukho ukopha okukhulu ngaphakathi kwengqondo, iingxaki zemithambo-luvo zinokubakho. Kwakhona, abanye abantu bafumanisa nge-"CAA" xa besenza iskeni se-"MRI" sengqondo ukuze babone ukuba kukho enye ingxaki.

Ukuba ukopha kuba nzima ngakumbi, iimpawu ezifana nezi zinokuvela:

• Intloko Ebuhlungu Kakhulu: Ayisiyontloko iqhelekileyo, ibuhlungu kancinci.
• Ukudideka : Izinto ezifana nendawo, ixesha, kunye nokuba ngubani okhoyo ziyabhideka.
• Ubunzima bokuthetha : Ukungathethi kakuhle amagama kwaye kunzima ukuthetha into ofuna ukuyithetha.
• Ubuthathaka obukhawulezileyo : Ukuziva ubuthathaka ngequbuliso kwelinye icala lomzimba, ingalo okanye umlenze.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo : Inkumbulo iyawohloka, ukwenza izigqibo kuba nzima.
• Iimpawu zesifo sokuwa (Ukuxhuzula) : Zingafana nokuxhuzula.

Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, umntu unokude abe yi-coma ngenxa yokopha kakhulu.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngokwenene xa kukho `(CAA)`?

I-angiopathy ye-cerebral amyloid ngokwenene luhlobo lwe -stroke ye-hemorrhagic . Ukuba unale meko, iproteni engaqhelekanga ebizwa ngokuba yi-amyloid inamathele ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi engqondweni yakho.

Kwiminyaka edlulileyo, iindonga zemithambo yakho yegazi ziyawohloka kancinci kancinci, zenze imifantu emincinci okanye imifantu evumela igazi ukuba lingene engqondweni yakho. Xa igazi liphuma kule mithambo yegazi, lonakalisa izicubu zobuchopho.

Ixesha elininzi, ukopha oku kuvakala ngathi itayara ikhupha umoya kancinci kancinci. Ekuqaleni, awuyi kuva mahluko mkhulu.

Abantu abaninzi abazithathi nzulu izinto ezifana nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo nokudideka ekuqaleni. Banokucinga, "Owu, le yinto eyenzekayo xa ukhula." Kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, njengoko iproteni ye-amyloid yonakalisa imithambo yegazi kwaye yonyusa inani legazi elivuzayo engqondweni, iimpawu ziya ziba mandundu kancinci.

Ngaba `(CAA)` ingadalwa ngequbuliso?

Akuqhelekanga ukuba ikhule ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, inokwenzeka kuphela ukuba ufumana utshintsho oluthile lwezakhi zofuzo olubangela esi sifo. Umzekelo, uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwesifo semithambo yegazi yentliziyo esidluliselwa kwilifa (i-CAA) sistroke esibi nesisongela ubomi.

Ezi stroke zinzima ziimpawu zokuqala. Nokuba bayasinda kwistroke, kamva banokuba ne-dementia , isifo sokuwa , kunye nestroke eziphindaphindayo ezinokonakalisa ingqondo ngakumbi. Uninzi lwabantu abanolu hlobo lwe-CAA yelifa bafa kwiminyaka eli-10 emva kweempawu. Kodwa kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba i-CAA yelifa ayifumaneki rhoqo .

Zithini izizathu zokwenziwa kwe-`(CAA)`?

Iingcali azikayazi imbangela echanekileyo, kodwa uphando lufumanise ukuba ezi zinto zilandelayo zinokunyusa umngcipheko:

• Isifo sika-Alzheimer: Abantu abanesifo sika-Alzheimer banamathuba amaninzi okuba nale ngxaki. Oku kusenokuba kungenxa yokuba zombini ezi zifo zibandakanya i-protein amyloid.
• Isizwe:Uphando lubonisa ukuba le meko ixhaphake kakhulu phakathi kwamaqela athile eentlanga. Umzekelo, ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba i-CAA ixhaphake kakhulu phakathi kwabantu abamhlophe. Nangona kunjalo, le ayisiyongxaki ixhaphakileyo, kwaye uphando olongezelelweyo luyafuneka.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu: Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lukwayinto eyonyusa umngcipheko we-CAA ngokubeka uxinzelelo olongezelelweyo kule mithambo yegazi.

Uyiqonda njani `(CAA)`?

Le yeyona nxalenye inzima. Akukho ndlela yokuqinisekisa esi sifo ngokuqiniseka okupheleleyo ngelixa umntu esaphila. Eyona ndlela yokuqinisekisa kukuba uthathe izicwili zobuchopho emva kokufa uze uzihlole phantsi kwe-microscope. Oko kukuthi, ngokuhlolwa kwesidumbu.

Nangona kunjalo, nangona kungenakwenzeka ukuqinisekisa i-"CAA" ngaphambi kokuba afe, oogqirha banokwenza "ukuxilongwa okucingelwayo" ukuba isifo sinokubakho. Oku kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa:

• Iskeni yobuchopho iMagnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Oku kungabona amahlwili egazi amancinci (ii-microbleeds) engqondweni.
• Iskeni ye-`(PET)` (i-Positron Emission Tomography scan) ene- (Amyloid tracer labeling) : Oku kungasetyenziselwa ukubona ukuba iproteni ye-`(amyloid)` ifakiwe engqondweni.

Kusekelwe kulwazi olufunyenwe kwezi mvavanyo apho oogqirha bagqiba khona ukuba bangaba yi-CAA.

Ngaba kukho unyango lwe-`(CAA)`?

Okubuhlungu kukuba, akukho ndlela yokuthintela oku okanye indlela yokuthintela ukuba kungenzeki.

Ngoko ke, ukuba uvavanyo lwakho lubonisa ukuba usenokuba nale meko, ugqirha wakho uya kuzama ukunciphisa amathuba okuba uphulukane nokopha engqondweni, ukopha okungakumbi, okanye ukopha okukhoyo kube kubi ngakumbi. Oko kuthetha ukulawula iimpawu zakho nokulawula imeko ukuba ingabi mbi kakhulu.

Ukunika imizekelo embalwa:

• Ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu: Uxinzelelo lwegazi olungapheliyo luyandisa umngcipheko wokopha ebuchotsheni. Ukuba uvavanyo lubonisa iimpawu ze-"CAA" kwaye unesifo soxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, ugqirha wakho uya kujonga impilo yakho iyonke kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi. Banokucebisa amayeza kunye notshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo (ukutya, umthambo) ukuze wehlise uxinzelelo lwegazi.
• Lumka ngemithi yokunciphisa igazi: Ukuba une-CAA kwaye uthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi, afana ne-warfarin okanye i-aspirin, xa unesifo sokuqunjelwa kwegazi, ingenza ukuba ingqondo yakho iphume igazi kakhulu. Ukuba unale meko, ugqirha wakho angakuxelela ukuba uyeke ukuthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi kwaye angacebisa ezinye iindlela ezikhuselekileyo zokuthintela ukuqunjelwa kwegazi. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ngawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo.

Ungaphila ixesha elingakanani ne-`(CAA)`?

Lo ngumbuzo obuzwa ngabantu abaninzi. Nangona kunjalo, kunzima ukunika impendulo enye. Uhluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho.

Ubudala bakho, uhlobo lweempawu zakho zangoku, impilo yakho iyonke, kunye nezinye iimeko zonyango ezinyusa umngcipheko wakho wokopha kakhulu ebuchotsheni (umz. isifo seswekile, i-cholesterol ephezulu) zonke zichaphazela ixesha oza kuphila ngalo.

Ugqirha wakho ngoyena mthombo ulungileyo wolwazi malunga noko unokukulindela. Uza kuyazi imeko yakho ethile aze akwazi ukukunika iingcebiso ngokufanelekileyo.

Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Xa ufumanisa ukuba unayo (i-CAA), kubalulekile ukuzinyamekela. Ukuqonda umngcipheko wakho yeyona nto ingcono onokuyenza ukuze uzinyamekele.

Umzekelo, ukuba uvavanyo lubonisa ukuba une-``(CAA)'' kodwa awunazo iimpawu ezinkulu, ugqirha wakho unokukunika iingcebiso ngeendlela zokuthintela uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu okanye ukuphepha amayeza okunciphisa igazi angeyomfuneko. Oku kuquka:

• Jonga uxinzelelo lwegazi lwakho rhoqo uze ululawule njengoko ugqirha wakho ecebisa.
• Yitya ukutya okunempilo.
• Zilolonge rhoqo.
• Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mandundu, bonana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.

Umzekelo, i-CAA inokuchaphazela izakhono zakho zokukhumbula kunye nokucinga. Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo uneengxaki zokukhumbula (ukulibala amagama, ukulahleka), okanye ukuba uya udideka okanye unengxaki yokuthetha kunangaphambili, ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukukuvavanya ukopha okutsha kwengqondo. Ngoko ke musa ukungazinaki ezi nguqu.

Ndingaya nini kwigumbi likaxakeka?

Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuba iimpawu ziba nzima ngequbuliso, njengentloko ebuhlungu, ukudideka, ubunzima bokuthetha, okanye ukulahlekelwa zingqondo, kufuneka uye esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza.

Kuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukhe waba nestroke esophayo, istroke esibangelwa kukopha okunokubangela umonakalo osisigxina engqondweni okanye ukufa. Ukufumana unyango ngokukhawuleza emva kwestroke kubaluleke kakhulu ukusindisa ubomi kunye nokunciphisa ukukhubazeka kwexesha elide.

Nazi ezinye zeempawu ezilumkisayo zestroke:

• Ukugoba kwelinye icala lobuso: Elinye icala lobuso alinakuphakanyiswa kakuhle xa uncuma.
• Ubuthathaka kwingalo enye: Xa ucelwa ukuba uphakamise zombini iingalo phambili, enye ingalo iyehla.
• Ubunzima bokuthetha: amagama ayaxanana, awukwazi ukuqonda ukuba kuthethwa ntoni.
• Intloko ebuhlungu ngequbuliso: Intloko ebuhlungu ngendlela engazange ibonwe ngaphambili ebomini bakho.

Ukuba ubona naziphi na kwezi mpawu, musa ukuchitha ixesha kwaye uye esibhedlele ngoko nangoko.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha?

Ukuba uvavanyo lwakho lubonisa ukuba usenokuba unayo (CAA), kuqhelekile ukuba nemibuzo emininzi. Nazi ezinye zemibuzo onokuzibuza ugqirha wakho:

• Yintoni kanye kanye eboniswa zi-MRI okanye ii-PET scans zam?
• Ingaba ndinayo igazi engqondweni yam? Lingakanani?
• Ingaba kunokwenzeka ukuba ukopha oku kuya kuba kubi ngakumbi?
• Ingakanani ingozi yam yokuba nesifo sohlangothi?
• Oku kuya kuyichaphazela njani inkumbulo yam kunye nobuchule bam bokucinga?
• Zeziphi iinguqu zendlela yokuphila ekufuneka ndizenze?
• Ngawaphi amayeza endingawasebenzisa? Ngaba aneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga?
• Ndingaphinda ndihlolwe kwakhona nini?

Ingaba `(CAA)` ikwa `(Dementia)`?

Hayi, azifani. Kodwa kukho unxibelelwano phakathi kwezi zimbini. I-Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy inokubangela i-hemorrhagic strokes . Ezi strokes zonakalisa iiseli zengqondo, nto leyo enokubangela i -vascular dementia . I-Dementia yimeko ephazamisa imisebenzi yengqondo efana nenkumbulo, ukucinga, ulwimi, kunye nokugweba. Ngoko ke, i-CAA inokuba yenye yezizathu ze-vascular dementia.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA) yimeko enokuba yingozi apho iproteni i-amyloid ifakwa kwimithambo yegazi yengqondo, nto leyo ebangela ukopha.

• Iimpawu zokuqala zinokuba zingabonakali kangako – njengokulibala kancinci, ukulibala amagama. Kodwa ezi zinokuba qatha ngakumbi ngokuhamba kwexesha.
• Akukho ndlela ithile yokunyanga oku, kodwa iimpawu zinokulawulwa kwaye imeko ingalawulwa. Ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokulandela indlela yokuphila esempilweni kubaluleke kakhulu.
• Ukuba uneempawu ezikrokrisayo (ingakumbi ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, ukudideka, utshintsho olukhawulezileyo lwengqondo), funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.
• Ukuyazi i-(CAA) kuya kukunceda wena nabantu obathandayo ukuba nijongane nale meko.

Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luza kukunceda. Ukuba unemibuzo, ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha wakho.

i - angiopathy ye-cerebral amyloid, i-CAA, ukopha ebuchosheni, ukopha kancinci, ukopha ngaphakathi kwentloko, ukuwohloka kwengqondo, istroke esopha igazi, iproteni ye-amyloid, i-dementia, i-Alzheimer's, uxinzelelo lwegazi, i-MRI, iskena se-PET, ukopha ebuchosheni, i-amyloid, ukulahleka kwenkumbulo, istroke