Ngaba wakha weva ngalo mkhuhlane uyingozi? Umkhuhlane wegazi ophuma eCrimea naseCongo (CCHF)

Ngaba wakha weva ngesifo esiyingozi esithwalwa ziincukuthu? Esi sisihloko esoyikisayo, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba usiqaphele. Kuba, sithetha ngesifo esibizwa ngokuba yiCrimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever, okanye `(Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever - CCHF)`. Esi sisifo esibi kakhulu esinokuba yingozi ebomini ngamanye amaxesha. Ngoko masithethe ngaso ngokweenkcukacha ezithe vetshe, akunjalo?

Yintoni iCrimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF)?

Ngamafutshane, iCrimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane esidluliselwa ebantwini ngamakhakha. Ukuba uyifumana, ngamanye amaxesha ungagula kakhulu. Esi sifo sixhaphake kakhulu eAfrika, eAsia, kuMbindi Mpuma, nakwiindawo ezithile zaseYurophu. Kodwa ke, abantu bahambahamba kakhulu kule mihla, akunjalo? Ngoko ke, amathuba okuba esi sifo sisasazeke kwezinye iindawo aphezulu.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba esi sifo `(CCHF)` sinokubulala. Ukuba ucinga ukuba usenokuba nesi sifo, okanye ukuba uneempawu, kufuneka uye kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko. Kufuneka ubaxelele ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unesifo `(CCHF)`.

Ziziphi iimpawu zomkhuhlane we-Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic?

Iimpawu zesi sifo ziqala ngequbuliso. Iimpawu zihlala zibonakala kwiintsuku ezili-13 emva kokuba intsholongwane ingene emzimbeni. Nazi ezinye zeempawu:

• Ndifumana umkhuhlane ophezulu.
• Intlungu yomzimba, intlungu yomqolo, intlungu yesisu.
• Intloko ebuhlungu , ngamanye amaxesha inzima.
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.
• Indle ekhululekileyo (urhudo).
• Ububomvu bamehlo, njengosulelo lwamehlo. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-'(conjunctivitis)'.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi).
• Ukuhlamba ubuso.
• Ukutyheli kolusu namehlo (i-jaundice).
• Ukopha empumlweni okanye ukopha ezintsinini.
• Ukutshintshatshintsha kweemvakalelo, ixhala, ukudideka.
• Uvelwano ekukhanyeni, ubunzima bokujonga ukukhanya (photophobia).

Emva kweentsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezintlanu ezi mpawu zokuqala ziqalile, iimpawu eziqatha ngakumbi zinokuvela. Ezi ziquka ukopha kakhulu kunye nemivumbo emikhulu emzimbeni wonke . Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu basenokungabi nazo iimpawu nasemva kokuba bosulelwe yile ntsholongwane.

Yintoni unobangela wesi sifo `(CCHF)`?

Unobangela wesi sifo yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(CCHF virus)`. Idla ngokusasazeka ngokulunywa yikhalane enesifo. Ingasasazeka nangokudibana nezilwanyana ezinesi sifo okanye ngokusondelelana nabantu abanesi sifo. Le ntsholongwane ye-`(CCHF)` iyinxalenye yosapho lweentsholongwane ze-`(Bunyaviridae). Iintsholongwane kolu sapho zinokubangela umkhuhlane kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukudumba kwesikhumba.

Sisasazeka njani esi sifo `(CCHF)`?

Esi sifo `(CCHF)` sisasazeka kakhulu ngezi ndlela zilandelayo:

• Ukusuka ekulunyweni ziincukuthu ezineentsholongwane.
• Ngokudibana negazi kunye nolunye ulwelo lomzimba lwezilwanyana ezinesi sifo.
• Ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye.

Ulwelo okanye izicubu zomzimba ezosulelekileyo zingabandakanya:

• Igazi
• Amathe
• Umchamo
• Indle
• Amadlozi
• Ulwelo lwesisu
• Amathontsi okuphefumla (aphuma xa ukhohlela okanye uthimla)

Ingaba esi sifo `(CCHF)` sisasazeka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye?

Ewe, i-CCHF inokudluliselwa ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Inokudluliselwa ngokusondeleyo nomntu osulelekileyo, umzekelo ngokuxhawulana okanye ukuwola. Inokudluliselwa nangokuchukumisa izinto zobuqu ezifana neetawuli okanye iimpahla ezisetyenzisiweyo ngumntu osulelekileyo. Yiyo loo nto umntu ogulayo ehlukaniswa aze anyangwe.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufumana esi sifo `(CCHF)`?

Usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana i-CCHF ukuba:

• Ukuba uhlala kwindawo apho esi sifo sixhaphakileyo khona kwaye usebenza ngokusondeleyo nemfuyo. Umzekelo, ukuba ungugqirha wezilwanyana, usebenza kwifama yezilwanyana, okanye usebenza kwivenkile yezilarha.
• Ukuba unyamekela umntu onesifo `(CCHF)`.
• Ukuba kukho umntu ekhayeni lakho ofumene esi sifo `(CCHF)`.
• Ukuba usebenza kwilabhoratri ephanda okanye evavanya intsholongwane ethi `(CCHF)`. (Nangona kunjalo, ezo ndawo zihlala zinezicwangciso zokuchatshazelwa.)

Luhlobo luni lwezilwanyana ezithwala le ntsholongwane `(CCHF)`?

Imfuyo efana neenkomo, iigusha, neebhokhwe inokuba nentsholongwane (CCHF). Khumbula, ngamanye amaxesha ezi zilwanyana zisulelekileyo zisenokungabonakalisi zimpawu zokugula. Oku kuthetha ukuba zinokubonakala ziphilile, kodwa intsholongwane isesemizimbeni yazo. Yiyo loo nto kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa impahla yokuzikhusela kunye nezixhobo xa usebenza nezilwanyana, ingakumbi kwiindawo apho i-CCHF idluliselwa khona ziincukuthu.

Zithini iingxaki zesifo `(CCHF)`?

Iingxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa ye-CCHF zinzima kakhulu. Jonga:

• Ukopha kakhulu.
• Ndingena kwingxaki.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwamalungu omzimba.
• Ukopha igazi engqondweni (ukudumba kwemithambo yegazi).
• Nokufa kunokwenzeka.

Izinga lokufa kwabantu abane-CCHF liphezulu. Iingcali zezifo ezibangelwa yi-Epidemiology ziqikelela ukuba phakathi kwama-30% nama-50% abantu abafumana i-CCHF bayafa.Nangona kunjalo, kuthiwa ukuba ufumana olu sulelo kungengenxa yekhalane okanye isilwanyana, kodwa esibhedlele (nosocomial), oko kukuthi, ukuba ufumana olu sulelo esibhedlele, umngcipheko wokufa unokwanda nangakumbi.

Ifunyaniswa njani i-CCHF?

Oogqirha baxilonga i-CCHF ngovavanyo lwegazi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ukuba usandul' ukuya kwindawo apho i-CCHF ixhaphake khona, okanye ukuba ukhe wadibana nomntu okanye isilwanyana ocinga ukuba sinokuba naso esi sifo.

Ngaba kukho unyango oluthile lwe-CCHF?

Ngelishwa, akukho nyango lwe-CCHF. Oogqirha badla ngokuyinyanga ngamayeza okulwa neentsholongwane abizwa ngokuba yi-ribavirin. Usenokufuna oku kulandelayo:

• Utofelo-gazi.
• Ukunika ioksijini eyongezelelweyo okanye ukunika umoya ongeniswa ngomatshini.
• Ulwelo olufakwa emthanjeni (ulwelo lwe-IV).
• Amanye amayeza okulawula iimpawu ezifana neentlungu kunye nokucaphuka.

Ndingaya nini kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko (i-ETU) ?

Ukuba unezi mpawu zinzima, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka elikufutshane nawe ngoko nangoko. Baxelele ukuba urhanela ukuba usenokuba ne-CCHF.

• Intlungu ebuhlungu esifubeni, entanyeni, okanye esiswini.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
• Ukuhlanza kakhulu okanye urhudo.
• Ukuxhuzula .
• Ukudideka, ukulahlekelwa zingqondo.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha?

Kunganceda ukubuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Ndingayithintela njani le ntsholongwane ukuba ingasasazeki kwabanye?
• Ziziphi iindlela zonyango endinazo?
• Ndingazinyamekela njani?
• Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba ndiphile?
• Zeziphi iimpawu ezintsha okanye eziya ziba mandundu ekufuneka ndiziqaphele?
• Ndingaphinda ndilandele nini kwakhona?

Ungayicinga into enokwenzeka ukuba ndifumana i-CCHF?

Ukuba ugula kakhulu yi-CCHF, oogqirha baya kukugcina esibhedlele baze bakunyange ukuze balawule iimpawu zakho kunye neengxaki zakho. Uya kuhlukaniswa nabanye abantu ukuze uthintele ukuba intsholongwane ingasasazeki kwabanye.

Kungathatha iiveki ezimbalwa ukuba uqale uzive ungcono. Ngelixa usaphila, ungaqhubeka uneempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, njengokuziva udiniwe kwaye unomkhuhlane. Usenokubona, ukuva, kunye nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo. Ezi zinto zihlala ziphucuka ngokuhamba kwexesha, kodwa zingathatha ixesha. Ukuba ukhathazekile ngeempawu zakho eziqhubekayo, thetha nogqirha wakho.

Zithini izizathu zokufa ngenxa yesifo `(CCHF)`?

Akukho phando lungako okwangoku malunga nezizathu ezichanekileyo zokufa ngenxa ye-CCHF. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba ezi zinto zilandelayo zinokubangela ukufa:

• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwamalungu amaninzi.
• Iingxaki ngenkqubo yokuqunjelwa kwegazi.
• Inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ayiphenduli kakuhle kwintsholongwane.

Ngaba esi sifo sinokunyangeka?

Ewe, abanye abantu bayasinda kwi-CCHF, ingakumbi ukuba isifo asibi kakhulu. Kwezinye iimeko, abantu baba neempawu ezincinci kuphela. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yezizathu ezingaziqondiyo iingcali, abanye abantu baba nesifo esibi kakhulu esinokubulala.

Ngaba i-CCHF ingathintelwa?

Ewe, ukuba uhlala kwindawo apho i-CCHF ixhaphakileyo khona, ungenza oku kulandelayo ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokosulelwa nokusasazwa kwesi sifo:

• Zikhusele kwiingcongconi:
• Nxiba impahla yokuzikhusela. Oku kuthetha ukunxiba imikhono emide kunye neebhulukhwe ezinde, kwaye ufake iibhulukhwe zakho kwiikawusi zakho. Lumka ngakumbi xa usiya kwiindawo ezinamahlathi amaninzi nengca.
• Sebenzisa inethi zokuthintela iingcongconi.
• Sebenzisa isitshizi seencukuthu esivunyiweyo ukugxotha iimpukane.
• Ukuba usebenza okanye udlala kwiindawo apho kukho iingcongconi, zihlole rhoqo, uzihlole wena, abantu obathandayo, kunye nezilwanyana zasekhaya zakho ukuze ubone ukuba azinazo na iingcongconi. Ukuba ufumana ingcongconi ingaphakathi eluswini lwakho, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.

• Kuphephe ukudibana ngqo negazi lomntu kunye nolwelo lomzimba:
• Ukuba unyamekela umntu onokuba ne-CCHF, nxiba izixhobo zokuzikhusela ezifanelekileyo (PPE). Oku kuquka iiglavu, iiglasi zeglasi, ii-apron, kunye neemaski zobuso.
• Kuphephe ukuchukumisa naluphi na ulwelo lomzimba lomntu onjalo. Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle emva kokuzichukumisa, nokuba unxibe iiglavu.

• Kuphephe ukudibana nolwelo lomzimba wesilwanyana kunye nezicubu:
• Ukuba kufuneka uphathe izilwanyana (eziphilayo okanye ezifileyo) ocinga ukuba zinosulelo, nxiba izixhobo zokuzikhusela, nokuba azibonisi zimpawu zokugula.

• Ukuba ucinga ukuba usenokuba ne-CCHF, hlala kude nabanye abantu. Xa ufuna ingcebiso kagqirha, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba usenokuba unesifo.

Ingaba kukho isitofu sokugonya esi sifo `(CCHF)`?

Hayi, okwangoku akukho gonyo le-CCHF. Nangona kunjalo, izazinzulu bezisebenza kwigonyo le-CCHF kangangeminyaka engaphezu kweshumi. Ukhuseleko nokusebenza kakuhle kwezi gonyo kusavavanywa kuvavanyo lweklinikhi.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Yintoni iCrimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF)?Isenokuba sisifo esibi kakhulu. Ukuba usemngciphekweni wokosuleleka (CCHF) ngenxa yomsebenzi wakho, izinto ozithandayo, okanye uhambo, kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha malunga nendlela onokuthi uzikhusele ngayo. Ungafunda ngamanyathelo okuthintela kunye nento omawuyenze ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ezikrokrisayo.

Ungalibali, ukuba unamathandabuzo, ukuba uneempawu, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko. Leyo yeyona nto ibalulekileyo!

I- CCHF, umkhuhlane waseCrimea-Congo, izifo ezithwalwa ziincukuthu, umkhuhlane wegazi, umkhuhlane wentsholongwane, izifo ezosulelayo, izifo zezilwanyana