Ukhathazekile malunga nokukhula kwengqondo yomntwana wakho? Masithethe ngeDandy-Walker Syndrome

Ngaba intloko yomntwana wakho ibonakala inkulu kancinci? Okanye uziva ngathi uphuze kakhulu ukwenza izinto ezilingana nobudala bakhe? Ngamanye amaxesha kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva usoyika kancinci xa ubona izinto ezinje. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko enokuba buhlungu kancinci kubazali, kodwa enokulawulwa ukuba uyazi. Yiyo leyo iDandy-Walker Syndrome . Ungakhathazeki, siza kuthetha ngayo ngokweenkcukacha nangokulula.

Yintoni iDandy-Walker Syndrome?

Ngamafutshane, iDandy-Walker Syndrome yimeko eyenzeka xa umntwana ezalwa enotshintsho kwindlela akhula ngayo ingqondo yakhe . Oku ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa yiDandy-Walker Malformation. Oku kwenzeka ngelixa umntwana esesesibelekweni, xa ingqondo ikhula. Oku kuthetha ukuba yimeko yokuzalwa .

Oku kuchaphazela kakhulu i-cerebellum, ubuchopho obuncinci obusemva kwengqondo yethu, kwi -brainstem , kunye nendawo ejikelezileyo. Ubusazi na ukuba le ndawo ibizwa ngokuba yi-cerebellum yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo yeNkqubo yethu yeNervous ephakathi . Yiyo eququzelela iintshukumo zomzimba wethu. Ayipheleli apho, kodwa ikwanceda nakwezinye izinto ezininzi. Jonga:

• Ilawula ukulinganisela komzimba wethu, ukulungelelana, kunye nokuma komzimba .
• Ikwanceda nakwimiba enxulumene nombono .
• Amandla ethu okucinga (ukuqonda) anxulumene nezinto ezifana nokuqonda nokukhumbula into ethile.
• Izakhono zokusebenzisa imisipha zifana nokulawula amalungu omzimba.
• Ikwanceda ekulawuleni indlela yokuziphatha .

Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiDandy-Walker ngenxa yokuhlonipha oogqirha ababini be-neurosurgery , uWalter Dandy, MD, kunye noArthur Walker, MD, abachaza le meko ngeminyaka yoo-1900.

Kwenzeka ntoni engqondweni yomntu oneDandy-Walker?

Kulungile, kwenzeka ntoni engqondweni yomntu oneDandy-Walker? Nazi ezinye izinto ezinokwenzeka:

• I-ventricle yesine yobuchopho iba nkulu. Le yindawo ejikeleze i-cerebellum. Yile nto inceda ulwelo lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF) luhambe phakathi kweendawo eziphezulu nezisezantsi zobuchopho kunye nomqolo .
• Ii-hemispheres ezimbini ze-cerebellum, oko kukuthi, inxalenye ephakathi edibanisa amacala amabini, ibizwa ngokuba yi-cerebellar vermis , kwaye isenokungabikho ngokupheleleyo okanye inxalenye yayo.
• I -cyst , ebonakala ngathi yi-water bubble, yenzeka kufutshane ne-ventricle yesine.
• Isiseko sekhakayi, oko kukuthi, i-posterior fossa, siba sikhulu.
• Ngamanye amaxesha, ulwelo lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF) lunokuqokelelana, lonyuse uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwentloko kwaye lubangele ukuba ludumbe. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-hydrocephalus .

Ixhaphake kangakanani iDandy-Walker Syndrome?

Ngokwedatha evela eMelika, iDandy-Walker Malformation ichaphazela malunga nesinye kwiintsana ezingama-25,000 ukuya kuma-35,000 . Ixhaphake kakhulu kumantombazana kunamakhwenkwe.

Yintoni ebangela iDandy-Walker Syndrome?

Le meko yenzeka xa kukho ingxaki ngokukhula kwe-cerebellum yomntwana esibelekweni . Kwezinye iimeko, le meko inokubangelwa kukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo .

Abanye abantu abaneDandy-Walker banokuba neemeko zechromosome . Oku kuthetha ukuba iindawo ezithile zechromosome azikho okanye azikho. Uyazi, iichromosomes zifana neepakethe ezithwala iijini zethu. I-Dandy-Walker Syndrome isenokuba yinxalenye yesifo semfuza esenzeka kunye nezinye iziphene ezininzi zokuzalwa.

Kukho ezinye izizathu ezininzi ezinokwenzeka:

• Ezinye iintlobo zeentsholongwane zinokudluliselwa kumama ziye kumntwana ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
• Ukuchanabeka kwiityhefu ezithile okanye amayeza ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
• Umama unesifo seswekile .

Ziqala nini iimpawu zeDandy-Walker?

Ngamanye amaxesha, iimpawu zibonakala ngequbuliso nangokucacileyo . Ngamanye amaxesha, abazali banokuba neempawu bengaqondi ukuba kukho into engalunganga.

Amaxesha amaninzi, iimpawu zibonakala kwiinyanga zokuqala zobomi bomntwana , kodwa abanye abantwana basenokungafunyaniswa ukuba banaso esi sifo de babe neminyaka emi-3 okanye emi-4 ubudala .

Zithini iimpawu zeDandy-Walker Syndrome?

Iimpawu ezinokubonakala kwiintsana zezi:

• Ukulibaziseka kokukhula kukulibaziseka ekuhlangabezaneni nemigangatho yokukhula ehambelana nobudala . Umzekelo, ukulibaziseka ekuhlaleni, ekukhaseni, nasekuhambeni.
• Ikhakayi likhulu kunesiqhelo.
• I-Hypotonia , oko kuthetha ukuba umzimba ubuthathaka nje.
• Ukuxinezeleka kuthetha ukuba izihlunu zomzimba ziyaqina kwaye kube nzima ukuzigoba.

Iimpawu ezibonakalayo kubantwana abadala:

• Ukugabha, ukuxhuzula, kunye nokucaphuka - ezi ziimpawu zoxinzelelo oluphezulu ngaphakathi kwengqondo.
• Ukulahlekelwa kukulungelelana, ukuhamba okuxengaxengayo, kunye neentshukumo ezingaqhelekanga ezifana nokuxhuzula kwamehlo - ezi ziimpawu zeengxaki kwi-cerebellum.

Kusenokubakho ezinye iimpawu:

• Ukudumba okanye iqhubu elingasemva kwentloko.
• Iingxaki zemithambo-luvo elawula intamo, ubuso, namehlo.
• Ukungaqheleki kwindlela yokuphefumla .
• Ukuxhuzula .
• Ukukhubazeka Kwengqondo .
• Iimpawu zeHydrocephalus .

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweDandy-Walker Complex kunye neDandy-Walker Syndrome?

Oku kusenokuvakala ngathi kuyinkimbinkimbi kancinci, kodwa ndiza kukugcina kulula. I-Dandy-Walker Complex liqela leemeko ezineempawu ezifanayo. I-Dandy-Walker Syndrome yenye yezo meko.

Kukho ezinye iimeko ezikwiDandy-Walker Complex:

• I-Isolated Cerebellar Vermis Hypoplasia okanye i-Dandy-Walker Variant : Kule meko, i-cerebellar vermis incinci okanye ayikhulanga ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, olunye utshintsho kwisakhiwo sengqondo yabantwana abane-Dandy-Walker Syndrome alubonakali. Uninzi lwabantwana abafunyaniswe benale meko lukhula ngendlela eqhelekileyo.
• I-Mega Cisterna Magna : Kule meko, i-posterior fossa ngasemva kwekhakayi iyanda, kodwa i-cerebellum iqhelekile. I-Mega Cisterna Magna ayibangeli ngxaki zempilo.
• I-Posterior Fossa Arachnoid Cyst : Le yi-cyst ekhula kwi-posterior fossa. Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba abantwana babe neempawu nokuba banalo olu hlobo lwe-cyst.

Ziziphi ezinye iimeko ezinxulumene neDandy-Walker Syndrome?

Abantwana abaneDandy-Walker banokuba neengxaki nakwezinye iindawo zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo. Umzekelo:

• Ukungabikho kweCorpus Callosum (ACC) yimeko engaqhelekanga, ezalwa nayo.
• Iingxaki ngendlela izinto ezifana namalungu omzimba, ubuso, intliziyo, neminwe ezakheka ngayo.

Ngaba umntwana wam uza kuba nokukhubazeka kwengqondo?

Ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha sabantwana abaneDandy-Walker abakhubazekileyo engqondweni . Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo kuxhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abaneDandy-Walker abanezi meko zilandelayo:

• I-hydrocephalus enzulu.
• Iimeko zeChromosome .
• Ezinye iimeko zokuzalwa .

Khumbula, wonke umntwana wahlukile, ngoko ke amava omntwana omnye akayi kufana nawomnye.

Ifunyanwa njani iDandy-Walker Syndrome?

Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha okanye abazali banokubona ukuba intloko yomntwana inkulu kakhulu . Okanye banokubona ukuba umntwana akafikeleli kwinqanaba lokukhula . Oogqirha banokuyalela uvavanyo lokujonga ingqondo ukuze kufunyaniswe uDandy-Walker. Olu vavanyo lungabandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lwe-ultrasound .
• Iskeni ye-CT .
• Iskeni ye-MRI .

Ngamanye amaxesha, le meko inokubonwa ngexesha le -ultrasound yokukhulelwa okanye i-MRI ye-fetal ngaphambi kokuba umntwana azalwe.

Ukuba umntwana wam uneDandy-Walker, ngaba usapho kufuneka lwenze uvavanyo lwemfuza?

Ukuba umntwana wakho uneDandy-Walker Malformation, kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga neengcebiso zezakhi zofuzo . Ipesenti encinci yabantu abanale meko banokuba nelungu losapho elinale meko. Ngenxa yokuba kusenokuba kukho icandelo lezakhi zofuzo kuyo, oogqirha abaninzi bacebisa uvavanyo lwezakhi zofuzo .

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lweDandy-Walker Syndrome?

Unyango luxhomekeke kwiimpawu zeDandy-Walker Syndrome. Kubalulekile ukuba ugqirha ahlolisise kakuhle ngaphambi kokuba aqale unyango. Umzekelo, oogqirha banokucebisa oku kulandelayo:

• I-Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) Shunt : Oogqirha bafaka isixhobo esincinci esibizwa ngokuba yi-VP shunt ukuze basuse ulwelo olugqithisileyo engqondweni. Le shunt inokunciphisa uxinzelelo engqondweni kwaye iphucule iimpawu.
• Amayeza : Ugqirha womntwana wakho unokukunika amayeza okulawula ukuxhuzula.
• Unyango : Unyango lomzimba kunye nonyango lomsebenzi kunceda abantwana bagcine amandla ezihlunu. Iingcali zonyango zingafundisa abantwana iindlela ezintsha zokwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Unyango lokuthetha lunceda ekuphuhliseni ulwimi kunye nentetho.
• Imfundo Ekhethekileyo : Indawo yokufunda eyenzelwe abantwana inceda abantwana bafikelele kwiinjongo zabo zemfundo nezentlalo.

Liyintoni ikamva labantwana abaneDandy-Walker Syndrome?

Ikamva lomntwana wakho kunye nobomi bakhe buxhomekeke kwimeko yakhe.Kuxhomekeke ekubeni inzima kangakanani na , kwaye ukuba kukho naziphi na ezinye iimeko zokuzalwa umntwana anokuba nazo.

Abantu abanale meko banokuba namava ahlukeneyo. Abanye baneempawu ezincinci . Abanye banokukhubazeka okukhulu . Abanye abantwana banokufikelela kwizakhono eziqhelekileyo zokuqonda ngesicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo. Kwabanye, nokuba iqela labo lezonyango lixilonga kwaye linyanga le meko ngokukhawuleza, basenokungakwazi ukufikelela kuloo nqanaba.

Ngaba iDandy-Walker Syndrome ingathintelwa?

Akukho ndlela eyaziwayo yokuthintela iDandy-Walker Syndrome. Nangona kunjalo, unyango oluqhubekayo ngaphambi kokukhulelwa lukunika ithuba elihle lokukhulelwa okunempilo. Landela iingcebiso zikagqirha wakho ukuze uhlale usempilweni ngelixa ukhulelwe.

Ndingamnyamekela njani umntwana wam ngeDandy-Walker?

Ukungenelela kwangoko kunokunika umntwana wakho ithuba elihle lokufumana unyango oluphumelelayo. Ukuba uqaphela ukuba umntwana wakho akahlangabezani neemeko zokukhula ezifana nokuhlala, ukuhamba, okanye ukuthetha ngexesha, bona ugqirha wakho. Banokwenza uxilongo oluchanekileyo baze banike isicwangciso sonyango esisebenzayo kumntwana wakho.

Iqela lokunyamekela umntwana wakho iDandy-Walker lingabandakanya:

• Ugqirha wabantwana .
• Iingcali zoPhuhliso .
• Iingcali zokuThetha, ezoMsebenzi nezoMzimba .
• Iingcali zeMfundo eKhethekileyo .

Ndingayibuza ntoni ugqirha wam malunga neDandy-Walker Syndrome?

Ukuba umntwana wakho ufunyaniswe eneDandy-Walker, buza ugqirha wakho ngale nto ilandelayo:

• Ngaba umntwana wam uya kuyidinga i -shunt ?
• Ziziphi ezinye iingxaki zempilo umntwana wam anazo?
• Liza kuba njani ikamva lomntwana wam (imbono yakhe) ?
• Singaziphucula njani iimpawu zomntwana wam?
• Ngaba kufuneka senze uvavanyo lwemfuza ?

Okokugqibela, khumbula oku.

I-Dandy-Walker Syndrome, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Dandy-Walker Malformation, yimeko yengqondo eqala ngaphambi kokuba umntwana azalwe. Iintsana ezine-Dandy-Walker zihlala zifikelela kwinqanaba lokukhula kade. Abanye abantwana bafuna i-shunt ukuze basuse ulwelo olugqithisileyo engqondweni. Unyango lunokunceda abantwana ukuba balawule imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, baphumelele esikolweni, kwaye baphile ubomi obanelisayo. Ukuba uqaphela ukuba intloko yomntwana wakho inkulu kakhulu okanye ukuba akahlali, akahambi, okanye akathethi njengoko kulindelekile, thetha nogqirha wakho. Ukuqatshelwa kwangoko kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo kubalulekile. Ungakhathazeki, le meko inokulawulwa ngeengcebiso zonyango.

I- Dandy-Walker Syndrome, Ukukhubazeka kobuchopho, Iziphene zokuzalwa, i-Cerebellum, i-Hydrocephalus, ukuLibaziseka kophuhliso, Impilo yomntwana