Xa ugqirha wakho ekuxelela ukuba unesifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini, mhlawumbi sele uqalile ukuzilolonga nokulawula ukutya kwakho. Yinto entle leyo. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, kunokuba nzima ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho ngendlela yokuphila enempilo yodwa. Kulapho ugqirha wakho ekuxelela ukuba uqale ukuthatha amayeza.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zamayeza esifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini: iipilisi kunye ne-insulin . Zombini zinceda ukugcina amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho esondelelene nesiqhelo. Oku kubalulekile kuba ukuba amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho aphezulu ixesha elide, unokuba neemeko ezinzulu ezifana nomonakalo wemithambo-luvo, iingxaki zokubona, iingxaki zezintso, kunye nesifo sentliziyo.
Ngoko ke, zeziphi iipilisi okanye i-insulin ezikulungeleyo? Ngaphambi kokuba uthethe nogqirha wakho ngale nto, makhe singene kwiinkcukacha ezithe vetshe.
Iintlobo zeepilisi zeswekile
Ukuba usandul’ ukufumanisa ukuba unesifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini, ugqirha wakho usenokuqala akunike uhlobo oluthile lwamayeza. La mayeza awathathi indawo ye-insulin yehomoni, kodwa anokunceda umzimba wakho:
- Velisa i-insulin engakumbi.
- Sebenzisa i-insulin eveliswa ngumzimba ngokufanelekileyo.
- Amanqanaba eswekile egazini aphantsi.
Usenokunikwa elinye lala mayeza okanye udibanise aliqela. Makhe sijonge iintlobo eziphambili zamayeza.
I-Metformin
Ngamafutshane, eli lelona yeza liqhelekileyo lokuqala elinikwa ngoogqirha kwisifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini. Liza likwiipilisi nakwimo yolwelo. I-Metformin isebenza ngokuyintloko ngokunciphisa ubungakanani beswekile eyenziwa sisibindi sakho nangokunceda umzimba wakho usebenzise i-insulin ngcono. Unganikwa nezinye iiyeza zeswekile kunye nalo. Eli yeza linokukunceda unciphise ubunzima.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unesifo sesibindi, iingxaki zezintso, okanye iingxaki zentliziyo, okanye ukuba usela utywala kakhulu, usenokungakwazi ukuthatha iMetformin. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho anokuba phantsi ngendlela eyingozi okanye kubekho imeko eyingozi ebizwa ngokuba yi -lactic acidosis .
IiSulfonylureas
La mayeza asebenza ngokunceda umzimba wakho uvelise i-insulin engakumbi. I-Glimepiride (Amaryl), i-Glipizide (Glucotrol), kunye ne-Glyburide (DiaBeta) zezinye zemizekelo yolu hlobo lwamayeza. Nangona kunjalo, anokubangela ukutyeba kunye neswekile ephantsi egazini (hypoglycemia).
I-Meglitinides
La mayeza akwakhuthaza ipancreas ukuba ivelise i-insulin engaphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, asebenza ngokukhawuleza kune-sulfonylureas, kodwa ahlala ixesha elide. I-Repaglinide (Prandin) kunye ne-Nateglinide (Starlix) zezinye zezi ziyobisi. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokubandakanya iswekile ephantsi yegazi kunye nokutyeba.
I-Thiazolidinediones
Ezi zisebenza ngokwenza izicubu zomzimba wakho zibe buthathaka ngakumbi kwi-insulin. Oku kuthetha ukuba zinceda umzimba wakho usebenzise i-insulin ngokufanelekileyo. I-Rosiglitazone (Avandia) kunye ne-Pioglitazone (Actos) ngamayeza akweli qela. Kodwa zihlala zinikwa kuphela ukuba ezinye iindlela zonyango ziye zasilela ngenxa yomngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzulu, ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye ne-anemia.
Masishwankathele olu hlobo lwamayeza ngendlela elula ukuyiqonda.
| Udidi lweziyobisi | Indlela umzimba osebenza ngayo | Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo |
|---|---|---|
| Izithinteli ze-DPP-4 (Umzekelo: Sitagliptin (Januvia)) | Inciphisa kancinci amanqanaba eswekile egazini. | Intlungu yamalungu, ukudumba kwepancreas (i-pancreatitis). |
| Izithinteli ze-SGLT2 (umz., iDapagliflozin (Farxiga), iEmpagliflozin (Jardiance)) | Ithintela izintso ekufumaneni kwakhona i-glucose emzimbeni kwaye iyikhuphe emchameni. | Ingozi yosulelo lomchamo, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi, kunye ne-ketoacidosis yesifo seswekile. |
| Iingcali ze-GLP-1 Receptor Agonists (Umzekelo: ipilisi yeSemaglutide (Rybelsus)) | Inceda umzimba uvelise i-insulin engakumbi emva kokutya. | Isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, urhudo, ukwehla kobunzima, intloko ebuhlungu. |
Ifuneka nini i-insulin?
Ukuba awukwazi ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho ngeepilisi zodwa, ugqirha wakho angakuqalisa ukusebenzisa i-insulin. I-insulin yinto oyifumana njengeyeza.
Kutheni ungaginyi i-insulin njengepilisi? Isizathu kukuba, nokuba ungayiginya ngolo hlobo, iya kutshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo ngexesha lenkqubo yokugaya esiswini sethu. Ngoko ke ayizukunceda nganto. Yiyo loo nto inikwa njengenaliti.
Kukwakho neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-insulin, ezahlukayo ngokwexesha ezisebenza ngalo.
- I-insulin esebenza ixesha elide: Ayingeni egazini de kube ziiyure ezimbalwa emva kokufakwa, kodwa igcina amanqanaba eswekile egazini ephantsi kolawulo iiyure ezingama-24. Oogqirha badla ngokucebisa olu hlobo lwe-insulin ebusuku kubantu abanesifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini.
- I-insulin esebenza phakathi: Le iqalisa ukusebenza kwiiyure ezimbalwa kwaye ihlala isebenza phakathi kweeyure ezili-12 neli-18.
- I-insulin eqhelekileyo okanye "esebenza kancinci": Ingena egazini malunga nesiqingatha seyure emva kokufakwa kwaye isebenza phakathi kweeyure ezi-3 nezi-6.
- I-insulin esebenza ngokukhawuleza: Iqala ukusebenza kwangoko emva kokufakwa, kodwa isebenza ixesha elifutshane, malunga neeyure ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-4.
Ngaphambili, oogqirha banika i-insulin njengendlela yokugqibela. Kodwa ngoku, kuba inokulawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini ngokukhawuleza, kukho amaxesha apho i-insulin inokuqaliswa kwangethuba. Isiphumo esiphambili sazo zonke iintlobo ze-insulin kukwehla kweswekile egazini (hypoglycemia) .
Imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha wakho
Unyango olungcono kuwe sisigqibo eniza kusenza kunye nogqirha wakho. Nokuba yeyiphi na iyeza elicetyiswayo, qiniseka ukuba ubuza ngezi zinto.
- Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zeyeza ngalinye?
- Amaxabiso abo anjani?
- Ndingayisebenzisa njani le yeza?
- Eli yeza lifanele ligcinwe njani?
Kwakhona, funda indlela yokubona xa iswekile yakho egazini iphantsi kakhulu (hypoglycemia), kunye nento omawuyenze ukuba iyenzeka. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Isifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini sisifo ekufuneka silawulwe kakuhle. Ukusela amayeza kunye nendlela yokuphila esempilweni kunokuba yinto ebalulekileyo.
- Oogqirha badla ngokuqala ngamayeza afana ne-metformin.
- Ukuba awukwazi ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho ngeepilisi zodwa, kuya kufuneka usebenzise inaliti ye-insulin.
- Soloko uthetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho malunga nonyango olukulungeleyo. Buza nayiphi na imibuzo onayo.
- Qaphela iimpawu zeswekile ephantsi egazini (hypoglycemia) kunye nento omawuyenze ukuba iyenzeka.
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