Ngaba wakha waphawula ukuba abanye abantu banamabala abomvu, aphakanyisiweyo kancinci ebusweni, ezidleleni, okanye entlokweni? Ngamanye amaxesha la magama awarhawuzeleli okanye abuhlungu. Nangona abantu abaninzi becinga ukuba oku yimeko eqhelekileyo yolusu, le inokuba yimeko efuna ingqalelo engakumbi. Namhlanje sithetha ngemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Discoid Lupus' ebangela ezi mpawu. Nangona eli ligama elingaziwayo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ngalo.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iDiscoid Lupus?
I-Discoid Lupus, eyaziwa ngokuchanekileyo ngokuba yi-'Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE),' yimeko echaphazela ngqo ulusu lwethu. Ikwiqela le-'Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus (CLE)' le-lupus. Igama elithi 'Cutaneous' lithetha 'ukuhambelana nolusu.' Oku kuthetha ukuba olu hlobo lwe-lupus luchaphazela kakhulu ulusu lwethu.
Umntu one-discoid lupus uba nezilonda ezingqukuva, ezibomvu, eziphakanyisiweyo kancinci, nezijiyileyo eluswini, ingakumbi ebusweni, ezidleleni, empumlweni nasentlokweni. Ezi zinokuba namaqhuqhuva ngokuhamba kwexesha. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-chronic cutaneous lupus. Chronic kuthetha ukuba zihlala ixesha elide.
Ngoko ke yintoni 'iLupus'?
Xa sithetha nge-'lupus', sidla ngokubhekisa kwisifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-'Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE).' Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-lupus. Malunga nama-70 kwi-100 izigulane ze-lupus zinale meko.
Ngoku, khangela, nangona i-discoid lupus (DLE) ichaphazela kakhulu ulusu, uhlobo olubizwa ngokuba yi-SLE luchaphazela umzimba wonke. Yiloo nto ithethwa yi-'systemic'. Sisifo esibangelwa kukuzikhusela komzimba . Ngamafutshane, inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba wethu, inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba, iyaphela kwaye iqale ukuhlasela iiseli zethu ezisempilweni kunye nezicubu. Oku kubangela ukudumba, okanye ukudumba, kuwo wonke umzimba.
Umntu one-SLE unokufumana iimpawu ezifana nezi:
- Umkhuhlane oqala ngaphandle kwesizathu
- Intlungu kunye nokudumba kwamalungu
- Ukudinwa rhoqo
- Iintlungu zesifuba
- Ukubonakala kwamabala ahlukeneyo kunye neziphene eluswini
- Uvakalelo elangeni (uvakalelo lwe-photosensitivity)
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ayinguye wonke umntu one-discoid lupus oza kuba ne-systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), echaphazela umzimba wonke. Siza kuthetha ngaloo nto kamva.
Ziziphi iintlobo ze-lupus (CLE) ezichaphazela ulusu?
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, i-discoid lupus luhlobo lwe-lupus oluchaphazela ulusu. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili. Uhlobo ngalunye lunendlela eyahlukileyo kancinci yezilonda zesikhumba.
| Uhlobo lwe-lupus | Uhlobo lwamabala esikhumba |
|---|---|
| I-Discoid Lupus | Amabala angqukuva, atyebileyo, abomvu, anamaxolo, njengengqekembe. Amaxesha amaninzi abonakala ebusweni, ezindlebeni, nasentlokweni. |
| I-Subacute Cutaneous Lupus | Amabala amile okwesangqa okanye anamaxolo. Ahlala ebonakala esifubeni, emqolo, nasentanyeni. |
| I-Lupus ebukhali yesikhumba | Kulapho ke kuvela khona "irhashalala yebhabhathane" edumileyo. Irhashalala ebomvu efana nokutshiswa lilanga ibonakala ezidleleni nasempumlweni. |
Ngaba umntu angafumana iintlobo ezingaphezu kwesinye ze-lupus?
Ewe, inokwenzeka. Abanye abantu banohlobo olunye lwe-lupus. Oko kuthetha ukuba abanye abantu banokuba ne-SLE kuphela, kwaye abanye banokuba ne-DLE kuphela. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha umntu unokuba neentlobo ezingaphezu kwesinye ze-lupus ngaxeshanye.
Kodwa khumbula oku. Uninzi lwabantu abane-discoid lupus (DLE) abanayo i-systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), echaphazela umzimba wonke. Malunga ne-5% yabantu abane-DLE, okanye malunga ne-5 kwi-100, baya kuba ne-SLE kamva. Kwakhona, malunga nekota (25%) yabantu abane-SLE baya kuba nezilonda zesikhumba ezifana nezo zibonwa kwi-discoid lupus. Ngoko ke kukho unxibelelwano phakathi kwezi meko zimbini, kodwa ayinguye wonke umntu onayo enye oya kuba nenye.
Yintoni ebangela i-discoid lupus? Ngubani osengozini enkulu?
Enyanisweni, oogqirha abakayazi eyona nto ibangela i-lupus, kuquka ne-discoid lupus. Kodwa kuyacaca ukuba ibangelwa yinto engalunganga kwinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba. Kwakhona, esi sifo sidla ngokusasazeka kwiintsapho . Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho unesifo sokuzikhusela komzimba esifana ne-lupus, nawe usenokuba sengozini.
Makhe sijonge ukuba ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufumana i-discoid lupus.
| Into enobungozi | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Isini | Abafazi basengozini enkulu yokufumana esi sifo kunamadoda. |
| Ubudala | Idla ngokuvela kakhulu kubantu abaphakathi kweminyaka eli-15 nengama-44 ubudala. Ixhaphake kakhulu phakathi kwabasetyhini abakwiminyaka yabo yama-30 nengama-40 ubudala. |
| Umbala wolusu/uhlanga | Uphando lubonise ukuba abantu abanesikhumba esimnyama (umz., abo bavela eAfrika okanye eAsia) basengozini enkulu yokufumana esi sifo kunabo banesikhumba esikhanyayo . |
Ziziphi iimpawu kunye neengxaki ze-discoid lupus?
Uphawu oluphambili zizilonda ze-discoid esithethe ngazo ngaphambili.
- Indawo: Ihlala ibonakala entlokweni nasebusweni, kodwa inokuvela nakwezinye iindawo zomzimba, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezichatshazelwe lilanga.
- Iimpawu: La mabala adla ngokuba buhlungu, kwaye awarhawuzeleli . Abomvu, aphakame kancinci, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha abonakala ngathi anamaxolo phezu komphezulu.
- Iimeko zamva: Emva kokuba la mabala epholile, anokuba namabala kwaye atshintshe umbala . Ngamanye amaxesha ulusu lunokuba mhlophe okanye lube mdaka/mnyama.
Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka
- Ukulahleka kweenwele: Ukuba la mabala avela entlokweni, iinwele kuloo ndawo zinokuwa. Eyona nto imbi kukuba ukuba kuvela isilonda kuloo ndawo, ukukhula kweenwele kunokuyeka ngonaphakade .
- Umngcipheko womhlaza wolusu:Ukuba unamabala e-discoid lupus ixesha elide, kukho umngcipheko omncinci kakhulu wokuba nomhlaza wolusu kwezo ndawo. Ingakumbi ukuba la mabala akhula ngaphakathi emlonyeni, kunokubakho umngcipheko ongakumbi wokuba nomhlaza wolusu obizwa ngokuba yi-squamous cell carcinoma.
- I-Chilblain Lupus: Le yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu. Kule meko, kuvela amabala amfusa okanye amabala abomvu eluswini xa evezwa yingqele. Ezi zinokuba buhlungu kakhulu.
Indlela yokuxilonga esi sifo?
Ukuba unale mpawu, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukubona ugqirha wesikhumba . Uza kukuhlola aze enze uvavanyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba unesifo.
Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-skin biopsy . Oku kuquka ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lesikhumba kwindawo apho indawo iphantsi kwe-anesthesia. Emva koko lithunyelwa kwilebhu lize lihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope. Ngokujonga utshintsho kwezo seli, singatsho ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba yi-discoid lupus okanye esinye isifo sesikhumba.
Zithini iindlela zonyango?
I-Discoid lupus ayinakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, unyango lunokunceda ukulawula iimpawu, luthintele ukuvela kwezifo ezintsha, kwaye lukuncede uphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika unyango olufanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kubukhali beempawu zakho.
Ezinye zeendlela eziphambili zonyango ezisetyenzisiweyo zidweliswe ngezantsi.
| Uhlobo lonyango | Ukusebenza kunye nemizekelo |
|---|---|
| Izithambiso zeSteroid | Ezi ziikhrimu ezisetyenziswa ngqo kwirhashalala. Zinciphisa ukudumba kunye nokudumba eluswini. Umzekelo: `fluocinolone acetonide`, `hydrocortisone butyrate`. |
| Amayeza Okulwa neMalariya | Ezi ziipilisi ozithathayo. Ungamangaliswa kukuba amayeza asetyenziswa kwi-malaria ayasebenza kakhulu kwi-lupus. Anceda ekunciphiseni amabala esikhumba kwaye anciphise ukudinwa. Umzekelo: `hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil®)`. |
| Amayeza okulawula amajoni omzimba (iiCalcineurin Inhibitors) | Ezi zikwaluhlobo lwezithambiso. Zilawula ukusebenza kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ukuya kwinqanaba elithile kwaye zinciphise ukudumba. Umzekelo: `tacrolimus`, `pimecrolimus`. |
| Amanye amayeza okulwa nokuvuvukala | Kwimeko apho isifo sibi kakhulu, oogqirha banokunika amayeza athathwa ngomlomo afana ne-dapsone kunye ne-methotrexate. |
Kubalulekile: Naluphi na unyango kwezi kufuneka luqalwe kuphela emva kwengcebiso kagqirha . Musa ukusebenzisa amayeza wedwa.
Ungayithintela njani i-flare-ups?
Nantsi into ekufuneka ikwaziwe ngumntu onesifo se-discoid lupus. Malunga nama-70% ezigulane ezine-lupus, iimpawu ziyawohloka xa zibonakaliswa kukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet (UV) okuvela elangeni. Oku kuthetha ukuba kunokuvela amabala amatsha, amabala akhoyo anokuba bomvu, okanye akhule. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kumntu ohlala kwilizwe elifana nelethu elinelanga elinamandla unyaka wonke.
Ukuze uzikhusele elangeni kwaye uthintele ukuba esi sifo singabi mandundu, yenza oku kulandelayo:
- Faka i-sunscreen yonke imihla ngaphambi kokuba uphume elangeni. Khetha i -sunscreen ebanzi (ekhusela kwi-UVA kunye ne-UVB) ene -SPF 30 ubuncinane.
- Kungcono ukusebenzisa i-sunscreen kungekuphela nje xa uphuma, kodwa naxa uhlala ngaphakathi endlwini, ingakumbi ukuba ukufutshane nefestile.
- Phinda ufake i-sunscreen rhoqo emva kweeyure ezi-4. Phinda ufake i-sunscreen ngaphambi kokuba ubile okanye ungene emanzini.
- Ziphephe iimitha zelanga ezibukhali kakhulu phakathi kwentsimbi ye-10 kusasa ne-4 emva kwemini kangangoko unako.
- Xa uphuma phandle, sebenzisa izinto ezifana neempahla ezinemikhono emide, iminqwazi ebanzi, kunye neeambrela .
- Nezibane ezikhanyayo ngaphakathi endlini zinokukhupha imisebe ye-UV, ngoko ke kuphephe ukuhlala phantsi kwezo zibane ixesha elide.
- Ungaze usebenzise iibhedi zokutshisa ilanga .
Ukuba uzilandela kakuhle ezi zinto, uya kukwazi ukulawula iimpawu kakhulu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Discoid lupus luhlobo lwe-lupus oluhlala ixesha elide oluchaphazela kakhulu ulusu.
- Oku kubangela ukuba kuvele amabala angqukuva, abomvu, amile okweengqekembe ebusweni nasentlokweni. La mabala adla ngokungabangeli buhlungu okanye arhawuzelele.
- Nangona ingenakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo, iimpawu zingalawulwa kakuhle ngonyango lwezonyango.
- Ukuzikhusela elangeni kuyimfuneko! Ukusebenzisa i-sunscreen yonke imihla kunye nokuphepha ukukhanya kwelanga okuqatha kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthintela isifo ukuba singabi mandundu.
- Ukuba unamabala anje eluswini lwakho, qiniseka ukuba ubonana nogqirha wesikhumba ukuze akunike iingcebiso.
- Musa ukukrwela okanye ukukrwela amabala esikhumba. Oku kunokukhokelela ekuqhekekeni nasekusulelekeni.
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