Inkqubo yomzimba wakho yokuzikhusela, inkqubo yokuzikhusela ekukhusela kwizifo, ngamanye amaxesha iqala ngempazamo ukuhlasela iiseli zakho eziphilileyo. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba sisifo sokuzikhusela komzimba. Ngabo kuphela abaye bachaphazeleka yiyo abaziyo ukuba kunzima kangakanani ukuphila nentlungu yamalungu, ukudumba, kunye nokuqina kwawo. Ngoko ke, ngaba ugqirha wakho ukunike uhlobo lwamayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-DMARD? Okanye ukhe weva ngawo? Namhlanje, masithethe ngokuba zeziphi ezi DMARD, indlela ezisebenza ngayo, kunye noko kufuneka ukwazi ngazo.
Zithini iiDMARD? Ngamafutshane...
IiDMARD zimela amayeza okuguqula izifo . Nangona eli gama livakala linzima kancinci, umsebenzi ulula kakhulu. La ngamayeza akhethekileyo athintela inkqubo yakho yomzimba ukuba ingasebenzi kakhulu ize yonakalise umzimba wakho.
Cinga ngenkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela njengomkhosi okhusela ilizwe. Ngokwesiqhelo, lo mkhosi uhlasela kuphela iintshaba zasemzini (iintsholongwane). Kodwa kwisifo sokuzikhusela komzimba, lo mkhosi uyaphambuka uze uhlasele abantu abamsulwa kwilizwe lawo (izicubu eziphilileyo emzimbeni). Oko kwenziwa yi-DMARD kukuthomalalisa lo mkhosi osebenza kakhulu uze uphinde usebenze ngokufanelekileyo.
Iingenelo eziphambili ozifumanayo kweli yeza zezi:
- Iyanciphisa ukudumba emzimbeni, nto leyo ethetha ukudumba, ukuba bomvu, kunye nentlungu.
- Ikhulula iintlungu.
- Inciphisa ukusasazeka okanye ubukhali besifo.
- Iyanciphisa okanye ithintela umonakalo emathanjeni nakwiijoyinti zakho obangelwa sisifo.
- Inceda ukugcina ukusebenza kakuhle kwamalungu.
Zeziphi izifo ezisetyenziselwa i-DMARD?
Oogqirha basebenzisa kakhulu ii-DMARD ukulawula iimeko ezahlukeneyo zokuzikhusela komzimba ezibangela ukudumba. Usenokuba ukhe weva ngezinye zezi.
| Igama lesifo (Isimo) | Intshayelelo emfutshane |
|---|---|
| Irheumatoid arthritis | Ingxaki eqhelekileyo ebangela iintlungu, ukudumba, kunye nokuqina kwamalungu. |
| I-Ankylosing Spondylitis | Uhlobo lwe-arthritis oluchaphazela kakhulu umqolo. |
| Isifo samathambo se-Psoriatic | I-Psoriasis luhlobo lwe-arthritis oluvela kwabanye abantu abane-psoriasis. |
| I-Lupus | Isifo esinokuchaphazela amalungu ahlukeneyo afana nolusu, amalungu, izintso kunye nengqondo. |
| Isifo samathambo esingaqhelekanga sabantwana | Isifo samathambo kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-16 ubudala. |
| I-Scleroderma | Isifo esiphawuleka kakhulu kukuqina nokuqina kolusu. |
| Isifo sokugubhuka | Isifo senkqubo yemithambo-luvo esichaphazela ingqondo kunye nomqolo. |
Ukongeza, ii-DMARD azisetyenziswa rhoqo kwiintlobo ezithile zomhlaza kunye ne-uveitis, imeko yokuvuvukala kweliso engakhange iphendule kwezinye iindlela zonyango.
Ziziphi iintlobo ze-DMARD ezikhoyo?
Ii-DMARD zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini eziphambili.
1. IiDMARD zemveli
Olu luhlobo lokuqala lwe-DMARD olufunyenweyo. La mayeza asebenza ngokuzolisa inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela . Ngenxa yokuba aneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa, ugqirha wakho unokuthi aqale ngokukunika olu hlobo lwamayeza. La mayeza adla ngokuthathwa njengepilisi.
Eminye imizekelo:
- `Azathioprine`
- `I-Hydroxychloroquine`
- `I-Leflunomide`
- 'I-Methotrexate'
- 'I-Sulfasalazine'
2. Ii-DMARD zebhayoloji (i-Biologics)
La ngamayeza amatsha, aphucukileyo. Afana nabantu abasebenzisa izixhobo zokudubula. Awachaphazeli yonke inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela njenge-DMARD yesiqhelo,Zijolise kwaye zihlasele kuphela iiseli ezithile zomzimba ezibangela le ngxaki.
Ezi zihlala zinamandla kwaye zisebenza ngakumbi kune-DMARD zemveli. Nangona kunjalo, zikwanomngcipheko ophezulu kancinci weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ukuba awuphulukani namayeza emveli, ugqirha wakho unokugqiba ekubeni akuqalise olu hlobo lwamayeza njengenyathelo elilandelayo.
Ezi zihlala zinikwa njenge-intravenous (IV), okanye njenge-subcutaneous self-injection. Ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa i-injection enjalo, ugqirha wakho okanye umongikazi uya kukufundisa indlela yokuyinika ngokukhuselekileyo nangendlela eyiyo.
Ngaba ii-DMARD zineziphumo ebezingalindelekanga?
Njengalo naliphi na iyeza, ii-DMARD zinokubangela ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu ozifumanayo. Ezi zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lweyeza olifumanayo.
Kubalulekile: Musa ukothuka ngokufunda ngezi ziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ugqirha wakho uza kuvavanya ngononophelo iingozi kunye neenzuzo ngaphambi kokuba akunike eli yeza. Uza kukufundisa nendlela yokulawula naziphi na iingxaki ezinokuvela.
| Uhlobo lwesiphumo esibi | Iimpawu ezinokwenzeka |
|---|---|
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zixhaphakile kuzo zombini iintlobo zamayeza | |
| Umngcipheko okhulayo wosulelo | Ngenxa yokuba inciphisa amajoni omzimba, usulelo olufana nomkhuhlane kunye nomkhuhlane lunokukhula ngokulula (le ngozi iphezulu xa kujongwa izinto eziphilayo). |
| Ukuncipha kweeseli zegazi | Kusenokubakho ukwehla kweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi (i-leukopenia), iiseli ezibomvu zegazi (i-anemia), okanye iiplatelets (i-thrombocytopenia). |
| Ii-enzymes zesibindi eziphakamileyo | Oku kunokubonwa ngovavanyo lwegazi. |
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezichaphazela ii-DMARD zemveli | |
| Iingxaki zenkqubo yokugaya ukutya | Ukungabi namdla wokutya, isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, iintlungu zesisu, urhudo. |
| Iingxaki zolusu | Ukuqhambuka kwesikhumba. |
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezithile kwi-biologics | |
| Ukuvela kwezifo ezifihlakeleyo | Iintsholongwane ezifana nesifo sephepha kunye ne-herpes, ebezilele emzimbeni emva kokuba zinyangiwe, zinokuphinda zibuye. |
| Okunye | Ukwanda kwamanqanaba e-cholesterol, ukwanda komngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi, ukuba bomvu okanye ukudumba kwindawo efakwe kuyo inaliti. |
Eli yeza liqala ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza kangakanani?
Nantsi ingxaki abantu abaninzi abanayo. Ii-DMARD azilohlobo lwamayeza omane uwasela uze uzive kamnandi, njengeyeza lokuthomalalisa iintlungu. La mayeza anokuthatha naphi na ukusuka kwiiveki ezimbalwa ukuya kwinyanga okanye ngaphezulu ukuze azole amajoni omzimba kwaye alawule iimpawu.
Ngoko ke, musa ukuyeka ukusebenzisa amayeza kuba nje ungaziva mahluko ungako kwiiveki zokuqala ezimbalwa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nomonde kwaye uqhubeke nokusebenzisa amayeza njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuxelela.
Kufuneka uphinde uye kugqirha wakho nini kwakhona?
Emva kokuba uqalise ukusebenzisa ii-DMARD, ugqirha wakho kuya kufuneka akubone rhoqo ukuze ajonge ukuba amayeza ayasebenza na kwaye kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Kusenokufuneka wenze uvavanyo oluthile ngeli xesha.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Jonga ukuba iyeza liyasebenza na, ukuba isibindi sichaphazelekile na, nokuba amanqanaba eeseli zegazi aqhelekile na.
- Vavanya usulelo: Jonga usulelo olufihlakeleyo, ingakumbi ukuba usebenzisa i-biologics.
- Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso olufana ne-X-ray: Jonga indlela umonakalo ochaphazela ngayo amalungu ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Ukuba ubona naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezintsha, ukuba iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mandundu, okanye ukuba iyeza alibonakali lisebenza kakuhle njengangaphambili, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
Ii-DMARD zingabonakala zinzima kancinci ekuqaleni. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zamayeza, kunye namagama amaninzi ahlukeneyo. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunceda ukhethe indibaniselwano yamayeza afanele imeko yakho, anike iziphumo ezilungileyo, kwaye aneziphumo ezimbalwa ebezingalindelekanga. Ungathandabuzi ukumbuza nayiphi na imibuzo onokuba nayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ii-DMARD luhlobo olukhethekileyo lwamayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo ezihlasela amajoni omzimba. Zisebenza ngokuzolisa inkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela komzimba.
- La mayeza awasebenzi ngoko nangoko njengeepilisi zokuthomalalisa iintlungu. Kungathatha iiveki okanye iinyanga ukubona iziphumo. Ngoko ke yiba nomonde kwaye uqhubeke uwasebenzisa.
- Abanye abantu, nangona ingengabo bonke abantu, banokufumana iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba uhlale unxibelelana nogqirha wakho rhoqo.
- Ungaze utshintshe umthamo omiselweyo okanye uyeke ukuthatha amayeza ngequbuliso ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho.
- Ukuba unemibuzo malunga namayeza okanye isigulo sakho, buza ugqirha wakho.
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