Xa usela iyeza okanye ufumana inaliti, ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba zingaphi iimvavanyo ezidlulayo kweli yeza ngaphambi kokuba lifikelele ezandleni zakho? Enyanisweni, ngaphambi kokuba iyeza elitsha lifike kwimarike, kuphandwa izinto ezininzi, njengokuthi likhuselekile na ebantwini, nokuba liyasebenza na kwisifo, kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ezi zifundo zophando lwezonyango ezibandakanya abantu sizibiza ngokuba yi-'Clinical Trials'. Oku kufana novavanyo lokugqibela nolona lubalulekileyo lweyeza elitsha.
Ngoko ke yintoni ingxaki ngolu phando?
Khawuthelekelele ukuba udala iresiphi entsha uze uyinike abantu abalishumi abathanda uhlobo olufanayo lokutya ukuze bazame. Ukuba bonke abantu abalishumi bathi, "Owu, oku kumnandi," ngaba wonke umntu uza kuyithanda le sitya? Mhlawumbi sinongwe kakhulu kumntu ongathandi ukutya okunongwe. Mhlawumbi asimnandi ngokwaneleyo kumntu othanda ukutya okunongwe. Akunjalo?
Kukho ingxaki efanayo kuphando lwezonyango. Uvavanyo oluninzi lweklinikhi kwihlabathi liphela lubandakanya kuphela iqela elincinci labantu abavela kwiqela elifanayo lohlanga kunye nodidi lwentlalo. Umzekelo, kuphando olwenziwe eMelika, bambalwa kakhulu abantu abamnyama abathatha inxaxheba. Kunjalo nakubantu baseAsia.
Le yingxaki ebaluleke kakhulu kwilizwe elifana nelethu, elineentlanga ezahlukeneyo, iinkolo kunye neenkcubeko ezahlukeneyo. Kuba indlela umzimba womntu osabela ngayo kwiyeza inokwahluka kancinci kuneyomntu ovela kwelinye iqela lesizwe.
Kutheni kubaluleke kangaka ukuba abantu abahlukeneyo bathathe inxaxheba kuphando?
Ngamafutshane, okukhona uphando luhlukahluka, kokukhona iziphumo zalo ziya kuba lula ukuzisebenzisa. Oko kuthetha ukuba singaqiniseka ngakumbi ukuba eli yeza liza kukhuseleka kwaye lisebenze kubo bonke abantu abalisebenzisayo ngomso.
Indlela elisebenza ngayo iyeza, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga elizibangelayo, kunye nohlobo lwazo ezo ziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokwahluka kumntu nomntu. Oku kungenxa yezinto ezininzi, kuquka ii-genes zethu, indlela esiphila ngayo, indlela esitya ngayo, kunye nendawo esihlala kuyo.
| Impembelelo yokwahlukahluka | Icacisiwe ngokulula |
|---|---|
| Ukusebenza kakuhle kweziyobisi | Iyeza elifanayo linokusebenza kakuhle kwiqela elithile labantu kodwa lingasebenzi kakuhle kwelinye. |
| Imiphumela | Abanye abantu banokufumana iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezininzi, ngelixa abanye benokufumana ezimbalwa. Abanye abantu basenokungabi nazo iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga abanye abasenokungazifumani. |
| Idosi | Umthamo wamayeza ekufuneka umntu awasebenzise unokwahluka komnye. Ngaphandle kokwahluka kophando, oku akunakumiselwa ngokuchanekileyo. |
“Ukuba asibandakanyi amaqela ahlukeneyo kuphando, asinakuqiniseka ukuba eli yeza liza kusebenza ngendlela efanayo kuwo wonke umntu.” Oku kuthethwa ziingcali kweli candelo.
Kutheni abantu bengafuni ukuthatha inxaxheba kuphando?
Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zoku. Ukuba siyaziqonda ezi zinto, kuya kuba lula kuthi ukufumana izisombululo zale ngxaki.
Imiba yokuThemba
Kubekho iimpazamo ezinkulu kuphando lwezonyango kwimbali yonke. Umzekelo yiTuskegee Syphilis Study eMelika. Kolu phando, amadoda amnyama angama-600 aye ahlolwa iminyaka engama-40, engaxelelwanga ngesifo sawo okanye unyango olufumanekayo. Kwaye kukho ibali lomfazi ogama linguHenrietta Lacks. Iiseli zakhe zomhlaza zathathwa ngaphandle kwemvume yakhe zaze zasetyenziselwa uphando kwihlabathi liphela.
Ezi ziganeko zibangele ukurhanelwa nokungathembi uphando lwezonyango phakathi kwamanye amacandelo abantu. Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ngenxa yezi mpazamo, imithetho engqongqo kakhulu kunye neenkqubo zokuziphatha ziye zadalwa kwihlabathi liphela ukukhusela nabani na othatha inxaxheba kuphando. Kule mihla, akukho nto inokwenziwa ngaphandle kwemvume yomntu.
Ukunqongophala kolwazi kunye nokufikelela
Ixesha elininzi, olu phando lwenziwa kwizibhedlele ezinkulu kwizixeko ezikhulu ezifana neColombo. Abantu abahlala kwiindawo zasemaphandleni abafumani lwazi ngezi zinto. Nokuba bafumana ulwazi, akulula ukuza eColombo ukuze bathathe inxaxheba kulo. Kwakhona, abantu abazi ukuba bafanelekile na ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kolu phando. Ngamanye amaxesha, oogqirha nabo abazisi izigulana ngale nto.
Ubunzima Obusebenzayo
Ukuthatha inxaxheba kuphando kuthetha ukunikela ngexesha nemali.
- Ukungakwazi ukuya emsebenzini: Kumntu ofumana umvuzo wemihla ngemihla, ukungayi emsebenzini imini yonke yilahleko enkulu.
- Iindleko zokuhamba: Asinguye wonke umntu onokukwazi ukuhlawulela iindleko zebhasi ukusuka kwilali ekude.
- Ezinye izifo: Ezinye izifundo zibakhupha ngaphandle abantu abanezinye izifo, ezifana nesifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. Ngenxa yokuba ezi zifo zixhaphake kakhulu kumaqela athile abantu, ngokwemvelo bakhutshwa kweli thuba.
Ukuziva ngathi uphando alubancedi
Abanye abantu bacinga ukuba, "Nangona sincedile koku, iziphumo ezilungileyo zoku azizukuza kuthi. Sisagula kwaye sisentlungwini." Esi sisizathu esibalulekileyo sokuba abantu bangayi kuphanda.
Ngoko ke yintoni enokwenziwa ukutshintsha le meko?
Asikuko ukuba akukho zisombululo kule ngxaki. Oku kufuna intsebenziswano yabaphandi kunye noluntu.
1. Ukufikelela eluntwini: Kufuneka uye kwiindawo apho abantu bengaphelelanga nje kwizibhedlele nakwiikliniki ukuze uthethe ngophando. Kufuneka uthethe ngale nto ngabantu abathembayo. Umzekelo, ungazisa ulwazi ngabantu abafana nomfundisi wetempile, umfundisi wecawa, umfundisi wetempile, kunye nenkokeli yoluntu lwaselalini.
2. Ukubonelela ngezibonelelo: Kungaluncedo kakhulu ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba kuphando banikwe inkxaso-mali yeendleko zabo zokuhamba, ukutya, njl. Mhlawumbi oku kungenziwa lula kwabo bangenamntu wokunyamekela abantwana babo.
3. Ukwakha ukuthembana: Abo bakwiqela lophando kufuneka bakhe ubudlelwane obuhle nabathathi-nxaxheba. Kufuneka bamamele imibuzo yabo kwaye babe nomonde ekususeni amathandabuzo abo. Kwakhona, ukuba amagosa amele uluntu olwahlukeneyo aqeshwa kumaqela ophando, abantu baya kuziva ngathi bathetha nomnye wabo, nto leyo eya kwandisa ukuthembana.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukunxibelelana ngokukhululekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuchaza ngokucacileyo isizathu sokuba kwenziwe olu phando, ukuba luza kuthetha ntoni, ukuba luza kuzisa ziphi iingenelo kuwe nakuluntu, kwaye zeziphi izicwangciso ezikhoyo zokhuseleko lwakho.
Ekugqibeleni, uphando lubalulekile ukuze isayensi yezonyango iqhubele phambili. Ukuze iingenelo zolu phando zabelwane ngokulinganayo, kufuneka igalelo lethu sonke.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Uvavanyo lwezonyango lubalulekile ekufumaneni amayeza amatsha kunye nonyango.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abantu abavela kwiintlanga ezahlukeneyo, iinkcubeko, kunye neemvelaphi bathathe inxaxheba kwezi zifundo ukuqinisekisa ukuba amayeza akhuselekile kwaye ayasebenza kuye wonke umntu.
- Ngenxa yeempazamo zangaphambili, namhlanje kukho imithetho engqongqo kakhulu yokuqinisekisa amalungelo nokhuseleko lomntu othatha inxaxheba kuphando.
- Ukuba ukhe wafumana ithuba lokuthatha inxaxheba kuphando lwezonyango, ungoyiki ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngalo mba. Mamela lonke ulwazi ngononophelo. Igalelo lakho liyinkonzo entle kuluntu lonke.
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