Xa usiya kugqirha, ngamanye amaxesha bakunika amayeza ongawaziyo nokuba abizwa ngaliphi igama, akunjalo? Ingakumbi xa sithetha ngamayeza anxulumene nempilo yengqondo, sinokuba nomdla kancinci, mhlawumbi noloyiko oluncinci. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngolunye uhlobo lwamayeza oluntsonkothileyo kancinci, kodwa olubaluleke kakhulu. Olu luhlobo lwamayeza olubizwa ngokuba yiDopamine Antagonists. Musa ukoyika xa usiva igama, masiqonde oku ngokulula.
Zithini kanye kanye ii-dopamine antagonists?
Ngaphambi kokuba sikuqonde oku, kufuneka sazi ukuba yintoni "iDopamine". Ngamafutshane, i-dopamine sisithunywa sekhemikhali engqondweni yethu. Ngokwezonyango, oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-neurotransmitter. Khawuthelekelele ukuba ulwazi lutshintshiselwana phakathi kweeseli ezingqondweni zethu ngezi zithunywa.
Iiseli ezikwingqondo yethu zineendawo ezibizwa ngokuba "zii-receptors." Ezi zifana nezitshixo ezingena kwi-keyhole. I-messenger ebizwa ngokuba yi-dopamine sisitshixo esingena kule-keyhole. Xa esi sitshixo (i-dopamine) sihamba size siqhagamshele kwi-keyhole (i-receptor), iseli ekubhekiselwa kuyo "iyavuleka."
Ngoku khangela, ichiza elibizwa ngokuba yi-dopamine antagonist lenza into engaqhelekanga kakhulu. Eli chiza liya nakweso sitshixo (i-receptor) lize lisibeke. Kodwa aliyisebenzisi iseli. Lifana nesitshixo esiphukileyo esibambeke kwisitshixo. Oko kukuthi, eli chiza lithintela isitshixo sokwenyani, oko kukuthi, i-dopamine, ekufikeni nasekudibaneni nesitshixo.
Ngamafutshane, la mayeza asebenza ngokulawula umsebenzi we-dopamine engqondweni ukuya kwinqanaba elifunekayo. Olu lawulo lubaluleke kakhulu kuba amanqanaba e-dopamine ayanda ngokungeyomfuneko kwezinye izifo zengqondo.
Zeziphi iimeko ezisetyenziswa leli yeza?
Amayeza achasene ne-dopamine anokwahlulwa abe ngamacandelo amabini aphambili:
1. Amayeza okulwa nesifo sengqondo: La ngawona asetyenziswa kakhulu.
2. Amayeza okulwa nokugabha: Amanye amayeza awela kwezi ndidi zombini.
Kwizifo zengqondo (Antipsychotics)
La mayeza abaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni ezi meko zilandelayo:
- I-Schizophrenia kunye nezinye izifo zengqondo ezinxulumene nayo
- Ukuxhuzula
- Ingxaki yokungazithembi
- I-Mania
- Ingxaki enkulu yokudakumba eneempawu zengqondo okanye ezingenazo
- Ukuxakeka okukhulu
- Izifo zengqondo ezibangelwa kukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi
Kwi-Antiemetics yokugabha kunye nokucaphuka (unyango lwe-antiemetic)
Nangona ukuhlanza kunye nokugabha kungeyona ngxaki incinci kwabanye abantu, kwezinye iimeko kunokuba yingozi. Umzekelo, la mayeza anceda ukulawula ukuhlanza okugqithisileyo ngexesha le-chemotherapy kwizigulane ezinomhlaza. Akwasetyenziselwa ukunqanda isicaphucaphu kunye nokuhlanza okubangelwa yi-anesthesia emva kotyando.
| Udidi lweziyobisi | Eminye imizekelo esetyenziswa rhoqo |
|---|---|
| Isizukulwana sokuqala (esiqhelekileyo) se-Antipsychotics | IHaloperidol, iChlorpromazine, iFluphenazine |
| Isizukulwana sesibini (esingaqhelekanga) Ii-Antipsychotics | I-Olanzapine, iRisperidone, iQuetiapine, iAripiprazole, iClozapine |
| Amayeza okulwa nokugabha | I-Metoclopramide, i-Prochlorperazine, i-Domperidone (esetyenziswa eSri Lanka) |
Kubalulekile: Le yimizekelo embalwa nje. Ngugqirha wakho kuphela onokumisela unyango olulungele wena.
Zithini iingenelo zala mayeza?
La mayeza anokunceda kakhulu abantu abaninzi abanesifo sengqondo ukuba baphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Ngaphandle kwawo, abanye abaguli banokulaliswa esibhedlele ubomi babo bonke. La mayeza anokukhusela abaguli kwiingozi aze abavumele ukuba baphile kakuhle eluntwini.
Kwakhona, ukuhlanza kakhulu ngexesha lonyango lomhlaza kunokuba yingozi ebomini. Kwimeko ezinjalo, la mayeza asebenza njengokusindisa ubomi.
Masiqaphele nemiphumo emibi kunye neengozi.
Njengayo nayiphi na imithi, ii-dopamine antagonists zinokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ezi zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwamayeza owathathayo, idosi, kunye nemeko yakho yomzimba. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, musa ukuyeka ukuthatha amayeza kwaye xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuthomalalisa | Yinto eyenzeka kubantu abaninzi. Inokubangela ukudinwa nokozela. |
| Iingxaki ezinxulumene nokuhamba | Izinto ezinje ngokungakwazi ukuzibamba (akathisia), ukushukuma okanye ukushukuma kwemisipha ngokunganyanzelekanga (dystonia), kunye nokushukuma kwemisipha okungapheliyo ebusweni okanye emzimbeni (tardive dyskinesia). |
| Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi | Xa uphakama ngequbuliso, amehlo akho anokuba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwaye usenokuziva utyhafile (i-Orthostatic hypotension). |
| Utshintsho kwihomoni | Ukwanda kwehomoni i-prolactin kunokubangela ukuba abasetyhini bayeke ukuya exesheni baze bakhuphe ulwelo olufana nobisi emabeleni abo. |
| Isifo se-Neuroleptic Malignant | Le yimeko engaqhelekanga kodwa imbi kakhulu, esongela ubomi. Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane ophezulu, ukuqina kwemisipha, kunye nokudideka, kufuneka uye kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ngoko nangoko. |
Ndingaqhuba imoto ngelixa ndisela eli yeza?
Ii-dopamine antagonists ezininzi zinokubangela ukozela kunye nokuncipha kokuphaphama. Ke ngoko, bubulumko ukuphepha ukuqhuba okanye ukusebenzisa oomatshini abafuna ukuphaphama xa uqala ukusebenzisa eli yeza okanye xa utshintsha umthamo. Kungcono ukubuza ugqirha wakho ngale nto kwaye ulandele icebiso lakhe.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ii-dopamine antagonists ziluhlobo olubaluleke kakhulu lwamayeza athintela ukusebenza kwekhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yi-dopamine engqondweni kwaye asetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo zengqondo kunye nokuhlanza.
- Eli yeza livumela abantu abaninzi ukuba baphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo nobusempilweni.
- Njengazo zonke amayeza, ezi zinokuba nemiphumo emibi, ingakumbi iingxaki zokunyakaza kunye nokozela.
- Ungaze uyeke ukusebenzisa eli yeza okanye utshintshe umthamo ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha. Ukwenza njalo kunokuba yingozi.
- Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ngazo. Uninzi lweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokulawulwa.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa ugqirha wakho malunga neminye imithi oyithathayo.
💬 Comments (0)
Akukho zimvo zithunyelweyo okwangoku. Faka uluvo lwakho apha okokuqala.
Faka uluvo lwakho