Ngaba umntwana wakho unengxaki yokutya amaqanda? Makhe sithethe ngale aleji yamaqanda!

Sonke siyazi ukuba amaqanda kukutya okunesondlo kakhulu. Kodwa abanye abantu, ingakumbi abantwana abancinci, banokuba neengxaki ezahlukeneyo xa besitya amaqanda. Ngamanye amaxesha anokuba nzima ngendlela engenakucingelwa. Ngoko ke namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale allergy yamaqanda, okanye `(Egg Allergy)`. Ukuba wena, okanye umntu osapho lwakho, unale meko, eli bali liza kubaluleka kakhulu kuwe.

Yintoni i-Egg Allergy?

Ngamafutshane, i-allergy yeqanda iyenzeka xa inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba isabela ngokugqithisileyo kwiiproteni ezithile kumaqanda. Ngokuchanekileyo, inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela yomzimba, efana nenkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba wethu, iyaziqonda iiproteni zamaqanda njengotshaba ize iqalise umlo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-allergy reaction.

Amaxesha amaninzi, le aleji ibangelwa ngamaqanda enkukhu , kodwa abanye abantu banokuba nealeji kwamanye amaqanda ezilwanyana, njengedada, iturkey, kunye namaqanda e-quail.

Okubaluleke kakhulu: Ukunganyamezelani kwamaqanda kunokuba nzima kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kubeke ubomi esichengeni . Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezinzima, ezifana nokudumba komphimbo kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla, kufuneka uye esibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko okanye utsalele umnxeba ku-911. Oku akuyonto yokuyithatha lula.

Kuqheleke kangakanani oku?

Usenokumangaliswa kukufumanisa ukuba i-allergy yamaqanda yeyona nto yesibini ixhaphakileyo ebantwaneni . Kodwa oogqirha bathi malunga ne-2% kuphela yabantwana abanayo. Oko kuthetha ukuba ayixhaphakanga kangako. Ixhaphake kakhulu ebantwaneni kunakwabantu abadala.

Kodwa kukho iindaba ezimnandi! Malunga nesiqingatha sabantwana abanesifo sokunganyamezelani baza kukhula beneminyaka emi-5 ubudala. Kwaye, xa beneminyaka eli-16 ubudala, malunga nama-70% abantwana baza kube bekhulile bengenaso isifo sokunganyamezelani. Enye into kukuba malunga nama-70% abantwana abanesifo sokunganyamezelani namaqanda banokunyamezela iiproteni zamaqanda eziphekiweyo kakuhle (umzekelo, kwikhekhe).

Zithini iimpawu zokunganyamezelani neqanda?

Iimpawu zihlala ziqala kwimizuzu embalwa emva kokutya iqanda. Nangona kunjalo, ezi mpawu zinokuhluka kumntu nomntu. Abanye abantu banokufumana iimpawu ezingephi, ngelixa abanye banokufumana iimpawu ezinzima.

Iimpawu ezincinci eziqhelekileyo zibonwa:

• Isisu esibuhlungu
• Urhudo
• Ukukhwehlela
• Amabala abomvu okanye amaqhuqhuva eluswini (iiHives)
• Ukurhawuzelela (Pruritus)
• Isicaphucaphu okanye ukuhlanza
• Irhashalala lolusu
• Ukungabi nangqondo okanye ukudumba kwemilebe, ulwimi, okanye umphimbo

Iimpawu eziqatha (ezi ziyingozi!):

Ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu, isenokuba yi-allergy enzima, esongela ubomi ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Anaphylaxis." Ukuba ayinyangwa ngokukhawuleza, ingabulala.

• Ukudideka
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla (i-Dyspnea)
• Ubunzima bokuginya ukutya (i-Dysphagia)
• Isiyezi
• Ukwehla ngequbuliso koxinzelelo lwegazi (Hypotension)
• I-Syncope
• Ukuziva uxinezelekile esifubeni okanye emqaleni

Kutheni le nto kukho le nto yokunganyamezelani kwamaqanda?

Ukuba une-allergy yamaqanda, amasosha omzimba wakho asabela ngokugqithisileyo kwiiproteni ezithile kumaqanda. Amaxesha amaninzi, iiproteni ezibangela le allergy zifumaneka kumaqanda amhlophe .

Xa uqala ukutya amaqanda, umzimba wakho uvelisa i-antibody ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Immunoglobulin E - IgE)`. Le antibody ye-`(IgE)` ibopha kwiiseli ze-allergy ezibizwa ngokuba yi-`(Mast Cells)` eluswini lwakho, kwinkqubo yokuphefumla (iindlela zomoya), nakwinkqubo yentliziyo. Emva koko, xa uphinda utya amaqanda, le antibody ye-`(IgE)` iyazazi iiproteni zamaqanda kwaye ikhuphe ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Histamine)`. Le `(Histamine)` yiyo ebangela iimpawu ze-allergy.

Ezi mpendulo ze-`(IgE)` zenzeka ngokukhawuleza emva kokutya amaqanda. Ngamanye amaxesha zinokudlulela kwiimeko eziqatha ngakumbi ezifana ne-`(Anaphylaxis).`

Umahluko phakathi kokunganyamezelani kwamaqanda kunye nokunganyamezelani kwamaqanda

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukutya amaqanda kunokubangela ezinye iingxaki. Kubizwa ngokuba yi-"Egg Intolerance" okanye ukungakwazi ukunyamezela amaqanda. Oku akukho nto ingaphezulu kwe-"IgE" antibody. Apha, impendulo ithatha ixesha ukuba yenzeke, ngamanye amaxesha ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezingama-48. Iimpawu zihlala zivela kwindawo "yesisu - GI" yomzimba.

• Intlungu yesisu
• Isisu esibuhlungu
• Urhudo
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza

Musa ukubhidanisa ezi zinto zimbini. I-allergy yeyona nto inokuba yingozi.

Ziziphi iiproteni eziphambili ezibangela ukungezwani kwamaqanda?

Iiproteni ezininzi ezikwiqanda zinokuba negalelo koku. Ezona ziphambili zezi:

• I-Ovomucoid: Oku kufumaneka kumhlophe amaqanda.
• I-Ovotransferrin: Oku akwahlulwa lula bubushushu. Ngoko ke ukuba une-allergy kuyo, usenokungakwazi ukutya amaqanda aluhlaza, kunye namaqanda abilisiwe okanye aqhotsiweyo.
• I-Ovalbumin: Le nto iyaphuka xa ishushu kakuhle. Ngoko ke usenokungabi nazimpawu zokunganyamezelani nokutya amaqanda aphekiweyo kakuhle.
• I-Lysozyme: Malunga nama-30% abantu abane-allergies zamaqanda banomdla woku.

Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yile aleji?

Nabani na unokuba ne-allergy yamaqanda, kodwa ixhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala. Uninzi lwabantwana luyayeka ukuba ne-allergy njengoko iinkqubo zabo zokugaya ukutya zikhula.

Ukuba omnye wabantwana bam une-allergy yamaqanda, ngaba nabanye baya kuba nayo?

Hayi, akufuneki kube njalo. Nokuba wena, omnye umzali womntwana, okanye umntakwenu unesifo sokunganyamezelani namaqanda, kufuneka niwazise onke amanye abantwana amaqanda ngendlela efanayo.

Ungazi njani ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba une-allergy yeqanda?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho ninokuba neempawu zokunganyamezelani neqanda, qiniseka ukuba ubonana nogqirha . Angakuthumela kwingcali ye-allergies/immunologist. Baza kukubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Ngaba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho one-aleji yamaqanda okanye ezinye izinto zokutya?
• Ngaba ugqirha ukhe wakuxilonga ukuba une-allergies yokutya ngaphambili?
• Zithini iimpawu zakho?
• Iimpawu ziqala nini?
• Ngaba usebenzisa amayeza athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha (OTC) kwezi mpawu?
• Ngaba ugcina idayari yakho yoko ukutyileyo noko ukuselayo?

Zithini iimvavanyo zokuxilonga?

Ingcali ye-allergies ingenza uvavanyo olwahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zakho.

• Uvavanyo lweNkonko yoLusu:

Oku kuquka ukuthambisa iqanda elimhlophe kancinci eluswini lwakho. Okokuqala, coca ulusu olungalweni okanye emqolo, ubeke ithontsi lolwelo olumhlophe lweqanda phezu kwalo, uze ukrwele ulusu kancinci. Oku akubuhlungu kakhulu, kwaye akophi. Emva kwemizuzu eli-15, ujonga ukuba indawo ibomvu okanye idumbile na. Ungenza olu vavanyo ngaphantsi kweyure.

• Uvavanyo lwegazi `(Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-IgE):

Apha, kuthathwa isampuli yegazi encinci kumthambo osengalweni yakho ize ithunyelwe kwilebhu. Ilebhu yongeza iproteni yeqanda kwisampuli yegazi kwaye ilinganise inqanaba lee-antibodies ze-``(IgE)`` ezikuyo. Iziphumo zinokuthatha malunga neveki ukubuya.

• Umngeni Womlomo Ohlelwe Ngamanqanaba / Umngeni Wokutya:

Olu vavanyo lwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba unayo na i-allergy yeqanda. Lwenziwa phantsi kweliso likagqirha. Unikwa iqanda elincinci (mhlawumbi iqanda elibilisiweyo okanye iqanda elibhakiweyo) kwaye ucelwa ukuba ujonge nayiphi na impendulo. Oku kungathatha malunga neeyure ezine.

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuphelisa ngokupheleleyo i-allergy yamaqanda?

Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho une-allergy yamaqanda, indlela ekuphela kwayo yokuthintela ukusabela kukuphepha amaqanda nazo zonke iintlobo zokutya eziqulethe amaqanda. Ii-arhente ezifana ne-U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) zifuna ukuba abavelisi bokutya babhale ngokucacileyo izinto ezibangela i-allergy kwiileyibhile zokutya. Ilizwe lethu likwanemithetho efanayo.

Ezinye ukutya okungenamaqanda zinokwenziwa kwiindawo ezifanayo ezicubungula ukutya okunamaqanda, ngoko ke qaphela iilebheli ezithi "Kwenziwe kwindawo ecubungula amaqanda."

Ekubeni uninzi lwabantwana lukhula ludlule kolu hlobo lokunganyamezelani, umntwana wakho usenokungadingi naluphi na unyango olukhethekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukunganyamezelani akupheli, ungathetha nogqirha wezifo zokunganyamezelani malunga nonyango olunciphisa ubuthathaka bokutya, olufana ne-Oral Immunotherapy (OIT).

Ngawaphi amayeza akhethekileyo okulwa nokwaliwa kwamaqanda kakhulu?

Ukuba une-allergy enkulu yamaqanda, ugqirha wakho uya kukunika i-epinephrine auto-injector, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-EpiPen®. Oku kunokunyanga ngokukhawuleza iimpawu zempendulo enzima, njenge-anaphylaxis. Ufanele uyigcine kuwe ngamaxesha onke. Ugqirha wakho uya kukuchazela indlela yokuyisebenzisa.

Kodwa ukuba unesifo sokunganyamezelani namaqanda okanye i-non-IgE allergy, awudingi le epinephrine.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zenaliti ye-Epinephrine:

Ezi zinto azisoloko zimbi kakhulu kwaye ziphela ngokukhawuleza.

• Ixhala
• Isiyezi
• Umlomo owomileyo
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukubila okwandileyo
• Isicaphucaphu
• Ukudinwa

Yintoni ekufuneka ilindelwe ngumntu onesifo sokunganyamezelani namaqanda?

Ukuphila ne-allergy yeqanda kunokuba nzima ngamanye amaxesha. Iimpawu zinokuba zincinci okanye zibe nzima. Ukuba nje uphendule kancinci kwixesha elidlulileyo akuthethi ukuba uza kuba nempendulo efanayo kwixesha elizayo. Inokuba nzima. Ukuba ukhe waba nempendulo enzima ngaphambili, kusenokwenzeka ukuba uphinde ube nempendulo enzima.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ulumkile, wena nomntwana wakho ninokuqhubeka nokwenza imisebenzi yabo yemihla ngemihla njengesiqhelo. Oogqirha banokukuthumela kwizibonelelo, amaqela enkxaso, kunye neengcali zokutya ukuze bakuncede.

Njengoko abantwana abancinci bekhula kwaye iinkqubo zabo zokugaya ukutya zikhula, i-allergies zamaqanda zisenokuphela. Ke ngoko, licebo elihle ukubona ingcali ye-allergies minyaka le ukuze ivavanywe .

Ungayithintela njani i-allergy kumaqanda?

Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuphepha ukutya, iziselo, amayeza, kunye nezinye iimveliso ezinamaqanda kunye neeproteni zamaqanda.

• Soloko ujonga ilebhile yezithako ekutyeni okupakishwe kwiipakethe.
• Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba imveliso inamaqanda na, ungayisebenzisi ude uqinisekise nomenzi wayo.

Ingaba kukhuselekile ukufumana inaliti yomkhuhlane ukuba ndine-allergy yeqanda?

Ewe, kukhuselekile ukufumana ugonyo lomkhuhlane. Uninzi lwezitofu zomkhuhlane ziqulathe iiproteni ezincinci zamaqanda. Kodwa nokuba une-allergy yamaqanda, kukhuselekile ukuyifumana. Ukuba usaxhalabile, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neenaliti zomkhuhlane ezingenamaqanda. I-Flublok® Quadrivalent kunye ne-Flucelvax® Quadrivalent zimbini iindlela ezinjalo ezingenamaqanda.

Ukuba ndine-allergy yamaqanda, ndingazinyamekela njani?

Ezi ngcebiso ziya kukunceda kakhulu:

• Hlala uqaphela into oyityayo noyiselayo.Nokuba ukhe watya ukutya obekungeyongxaki kwixesha lokugqibela, jonga ileyibhile ngaphambi kokuba ukutye kwakhona. Abavelisi banokuyitshintsha iresiphi baze bongeze amaqanda.
• Ukuba umntwana wakho une-aleji yamaqanda, mfundise ukuba angathathi ukutya kubahlobo okanye kubantwana afunda nabo.
• Xa usitya ngaphandle, xelela umlungiseleli ukuba une-allergy yamaqanda. Buza iinkcukacha malunga nezithako kunye nendlela ukutya okulungiselelwe ngayo.
• Nxiba iBracelet ye-Medical Alert okanye uphathe ikhadi elinolwazi malunga nokunganyamezelani kwamaqanda akho.
• Faka olu lwazi kwizicwangciso okanye kwi-app ye-Medical Emergency yefowuni yakho.
• Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nendlela yokulungiselela ukusabela. Usenokukunika i-epinephrine auto-injector. Ufanele uyiphathe rhoqo.

Ukuba une-allergy yamaqanda, zeziphi ukutya omele uziphephe?

Ukutya okuqhelekileyo okunokuba namaqanda:

• Ukutya okubhakiweyo (iikeyiki, iibhanisi, iibhisikithi)
• Ukutya okuphekiweyo
• Ukuzaliswa kwekhekhe kunye nepayi
• Ikhastadi
• I-Eggnog
• IiMarshmallows
• Imayonnaise
• Inyama yemifuno
• Ipasta (ezinye iintlobo)
• Iipretzels (ezinye iintlobo)
• Inyama ecutshungulweyo
• Ipudding
• Iidiresi zesaladi

Cinga ngayo, ngamanye amaxesha kunokubakho amaqanda ekutyeni esingacingi nokucinga ngako. Umzekelo, amaqanda asetyenziswa kwiisosi ezithile, iisuphu, kunye ne-ayisikhrim. Ngoko soloko ufunda ilebheli ngononophelo.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu emva kokutya amaqanda okanye iimveliso ezinamaqanda, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Ndingaya nini kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko (i-ETU) ?

Ukuba uqala ukuba neempawu ze-`(Anaphylaxis)`, okanye ukuba uziva ngathi awukwazi ukuphefumla, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka ngoko nangoko okanye utsalele umnxeba ku-1990.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha?

• Uyabona njani ukuba ndine-allergy yeqanda?
• Ndingamfaka nini umntwana wam amaqanda?
• Ngaba i-allergies yamaqanda omntwana wam iya kuphela?
• Ngaba kukho amaqela enkxaso kubantu abane-allergies zamaqanda okanye abazali babo?
• Ungacebisa ingcali yokutya?

Ndingazi njani ukuba ndinengxaki yokuvaleka kwamaqanda?

Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezingephi emva kokutya amaqanda, usenokuba nobuthathaka kumaqanda. Ukuba ucinga ukuba "unokunganyamezelani namaqanda", thetha nogqirha.

Ihlala ixesha elingakanani i-allergy yeqanda?

Malunga nama-70% abantwana abane-aleji yamaqanda bayayishiya xa beneminyaka eli-16 ubudala. Kodwa abanye basenokungasayi kuze bayishiye.

Ngaba unokufumana i-allergies yeqanda kamva ebomini?

Ewe, kunokwenzeka ukuba umntu abe ne-aleji entsha yeqanda kamva ebomini.

Umyalezo Wokugqibela Wokuya Ekhaya

Ukunganyamezelani kwamaqanda kunokuba yimeko edidayo neyoyikisayo ngamanye amaxesha. Iimpawu zinokuba zincinci okanye zibe nzima. Zinokuba nzima kwaye zibhide, kodwa ugqirha anokunceda. Banokwenza uvavanyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba unayo na i-allergy yamaqanda kwaye bakuthumele kwingcali yokutya ukuze bakuncede ufumane ukutya okulungileyo onokukutya.

Khumbula:

• Ukuba unamathandabuzo, ziphephe amaqanda kunye neemveliso ezinamaqanda.
• Funda iilebheli zokutya rhoqo.
• Ukuba une-allergies enzima, hlala une-EpiPen®.
• Landela iingcebiso zonyango.

Ungakhathazeki. Ngokwazi nokukhathalela, unokuhlala usempilweni nokuba une-allergy yamaqanda. Awuwedwa, baninzi abantu onokuthetha nabo kwaye ufumane uncedo kubo.

Ukunganyamezelani kwamaqanda , ukunganyamezelani kwamaqanda, ukunganyamezelani kwabantwana, ukunganyamezelani kokutya, i-anaphylaxis, i-IgE, i-epinephrine