Intliziyo yethu ifana nemoto yamanzi, akunjalo? Isebenza ngokungayeki, ipompa igazi emzimbeni wonke. Kodwa ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba, xa intliziyo ipompa igazi ngequbuliso ngamandla amakhulu, ngubani onceda ukuthwala olo xinzelelo aze agcine igazi lihamba kakuhle? Kulapho amaqhawe ebali lethu, oko kukuthi uhlobo olukhethekileyo lwemithambo yegazi ebizwa ngokuba yi -'Elastic Arteries', afika khona ukuze asincede. Namhlanje, masithethe ngala basebenzi bathuleyo emzimbeni wethu.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni imithambo yegazi ethambileyo?
Khawuthelekelele uphethe umbhobho wamanzi esandleni sakho. Omnye ngumbhobho weplastiki oqinileyo, omnye ngumbhobho webhulabha oguquguqukayo. Ngoku, kwenzeka ntoni ukuba uthumela amanzi amaninzi kuzo zombini ezi mbhobho ngaxeshanye? Umbhobho weplastiki oqinileyo awunakumelana noxinzelelo kwaye usenokuqhuma. Kodwa umbhobho webhulabha oguquguqukayo, xa amanzi efika, uyafutha kancinci, uze ubuyele kubukhulu bawo bokuqala uze uthumele amanzi phambili ngomlinganiselo ofanayo.
Le mithambo ithambileyo isebenza njengeetyhubhu zerabha. Xa intliziyo ibetha, le mithambo iyanda kancinci ukuze ikwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi olukhutshwa ngequbuliso. Emva koko, xa intliziyo iphumla okomzuzwana, le mithambo ithambileyo ibuyela kwindawo yayo yokuqala ize ityhale igazi phambili. Yiyo loo nto, nangona intliziyo ipompa igazi, igazi lihamba liye kuwo wonke umzimba wethu ngesantya esifanayo esithambileyo. Oku kungenxa yolu thamba lwale mithambo.
Zeziphi ii-arteries eziphambili ezithambileyo emzimbeni wethu?
Le yimithambo emikhulu emzimbeni wethu kwaye yileyo ikufutshane nentliziyo. Ifana neendlela eziphambili. Ezi ndlela ziphambili zihlukana zibe ziindlela ezincinci ezisecaleni. Ngokufanayo, igazi lisuka kule mithambo mikhulu liye kwimithambo emincinci.
| Igama le-Artery | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| I-Aorta | Umthambo omkhulu emzimbeni wethu. Ngumbhobho oyintloko oqala kwicala lasekhohlo lentliziyo uze usasaze igazi elineoksijini kuwo wonke umzimba. |
| Imithambo yePulmonary | Ukusuka kwicala lasekunene lentliziyo, igazi elingenaoksijini lithwalwa liye emiphungeni. Ukusuka emiphungeni apho eli gazi liphinda lifakwe khona ioksijini. |
| Umthambo weBrachiocephalic | Iphuma kwi-aorta ize inike igazi entloko, entanyeni, nakwingalo yasekunene. |
| Imithambo yeCarotid eqhelekileyo | Inyuka intamo macala omabini ize inike igazi engqondweni nasebusweni. |
| Imithambo yeSubclavian | Ifumaneka phantsi kwethambo lentamo kwaye ithwala igazi kwiingalo. |
| Imithambo ye-Iliac eqhelekileyo | I-aorta yahlulwe kabini esiswini ize ithwale igazi liye emilenzeni. |
Okubaluleke kakhulu, le mithambo yegazi ifana neendlela ezinkulu ezithwala ioksijini kunye nezondlo emzimbeni wonke. Impilo yayo ichaphazela ngqo impilo yethu iyonke.
Zenziwa njani ezi mithambo yegazi?
Njengeminye imithambo yegazi, le ineengqimba ezintathu eziphambili, njengokufaka iiplasta ezininzi eludongeni.
| Umaleko | Umsebenzi |
|---|---|
| Umaleko ongaphandle (iAdventitia) | Esi sisigqubuthelo sangaphandle esinika amandla kunye nokuma komthambo. |
| Umaleko ophakathi (iTunica Media) | Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo. Iqulethe zombini iifayibha ze-elastic kunye neefayibha zemisipha. Kwimithambo ye-elastic, kukho iifayibha ze-elastic ezingaphezulu kunezihlunu. |
| Umaleko ongaphakathi (iTunica Intima) | Oku kuthambile kakhulu, ngoko ke igazi liyakwazi ukuhamba ngaphandle kokuvaleka okanye ukuqhekeka. |
Umahluko phakathi kwemithambo ye-elastic kunye ne-muscular
Ngamafutshane, imithambo ethambileyo yimithambo ephambili ekufutshane nentliziyo ekufuneka imelane noxinzelelo oluphezulu. Imithambo yemisipha yimithambo emincinci ephuma kuloo mithambo iphambili kwaye isasaze igazi kumalungu ahlukeneyo omzimba. Ayifumani xinzelelo lungako. Ngenxa yoko, inemicu yemisipha emininzi kunemicu ethambileyo kumaleko wayo ophakathi. Imisipha iyafinyela kwaye iphumle ukulawula ubungakanani begazi eliya kwilungu ngalinye.
Zeziphi izifo ezinokuchaphazela le mithambo yegazi?
Le mithambo mikhulu inokuchaphazeleka ziimeko ezahlukeneyo zempilo, ezinye zazo ezinokuba yingozi kakhulu.
| Imeko yezonyango | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| I-Aneurysm okanye i-Dissection | Ii-Aneurysms, okanye ukukrazuka eludongeni (ukuqhekeka), zinokuba yingozi ebomini. |
| Iingxaki zevalvu | Ivalvu ye-aorta okanye ivalvu ye-pulmonary, efumaneka phakathi kwentliziyo kunye ne-aorta, isenokungavaleki kakuhle (ivuza) okanye iqine. |
| I-atherosclerosis | I-cholesterol nezinye izinto ziyaqokelelana eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi, nto leyo enciphisa indlela igazi elihamba ngayo. Le yeyona nto ibangela izifo ezininzi zentliziyo. |
| Igazi elonyukayo | Uxinzelelo oluphezulu rhoqo ngaphakathi kwimithambo lunokubangela ukuba imithambo iphelelwe bubuthambile bayo ngokuhamba kwexesha, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iqine. |
| Amahlwili egazi | Amahlwili egazi anokungena ngaphakathi kwimithambo yegazi aze avale ngokupheleleyo ukuhamba kwegazi. |
Zeziphi iimpawu ekufuneka uziqaphele?
Amaxesha amaninzi, iingxaki ezikule mithambo yegazi azibonisi zimpawu kwasekuqaleni. Kodwa njengoko imeko iqhubeka, unokufumana iimpawu ezifana nezi:
- Intlungu yesifuba: Intlungu yokucinezela, ukucinezela.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla: Ukuphefumla kancinci nokuba uhamba umgama omfutshane.
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo: Ukuziva intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza nangona umile nje.
- Ukuba nesiyezi okanye ukuba nentloko ende: ingakumbi xa umi ngenyawo.
- Intloko ebuhlungu ngequbuliso.
- Intlungu emqolo wemilenze xa uhamba: Iyaphela emva kokuphumla okufutshane, kodwa ibuya xa uhamba.
- Ndihlala ndiziva ndidiniwe.
Ukuba unale mpawu, musa ukuzithatha njengezinto eziqhelekileyo. Kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuze akunike icebiso.
Singenza ntoni ukuze sigcine le mithambo ixabisekileyo isempilweni?
Eyona nto ilungileyo kukuba, izinto esizenzayo ukugcina imithambo yethu iphilile zilungile kumzimba wethu wonke. Ezi azinzima. Izinto ezincinci zinokwenza umahluko omkhulu.
- Ukutya okunempilo: Nciphisa ukutya okuneoyile eninzi, ityuwa, kunye neswekile (ingakumbi ukutya okungenampilo kunye nokutya okupakishwe kwiipakethe) . Endaweni yoko, faka iziqhamo, imifuno, iimbotyi, kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo ekutyeni kwakho.
- Ukuzilolonga rhoqo: Fumana ubuncinci imizuzu engama-30 yokuzilolonga ngamandla aphakathi ngosuku. Ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza, ukubaleka, okanye ukukhwela ibhayisekile zonke zizinto ezilungileyo.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo: Ukutshaya yenye yezona zinto zibangela umonakalo omkhulu kwimithambo yakho yegazi. Kungenza lukhuni udonga lwemithambo yakho yegazi, nto leyo eyandisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi.
- Lawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi kunye ne-cholesterol: Ukuba une-high blood pressure okanye i-high cholesterol, thatha amayeza akho njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele. Kubalulekile nokulawula ukutya kwakho.
- Lawula uxinzelelo: Uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo alulungelanga imithambo yegazi yethu. Khulula ingqondo yakho ngokwenza izinto ezinje ngokucamngca, i-yoga, kunye nokuzibandakanya kwizinto ozithandayo.
- Uvavanyo lwezonyango olucwangcisiweyo:Ukuba ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-40, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha wakho ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka ukuze ahlole izinto ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi, iswekile kunye ne-cholesterol.
Ukuba ufaka le mikhwa ilula ebomini bakho, kungekuphela nje intliziyo yakho, kodwa kunye nale mithambo ixabisekileyo ethambileyo iya kukunceda ixesha elide.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Imithambo yegazi ethambileyo ifana nenkqubo yetyhubhu eguquguqukayo kakhulu ekwaziyo ukumelana noxinzelelo oluphezulu oluvela entliziyweni kwaye ithuthe igazi kakuhle emzimbeni wonke.
- Imithambo ye-aorta kunye ne-pulmonary zezona zibalulekileyo kwezi.
- Indlela yokuphila elungileyo (ukutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga, kunye nokuphepha ukutshaya) kubalulekile ekugcineni le mithambo isempilweni.
- Ukuba uneempawu ezifana neentlungu esifubeni, ubunzima bokuphefumla, okanye isicaphucaphu, musa ukuzityeshela kwaye bonana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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