Musa ukoyika 'ukutshiswa ngumbane'! Masifunde nge-Electrosurgery.

Ngaba wakha weva umntu esithi, “Umsinga uyeke ukopha ” ngexesha lotyando? Okanye wakha wambona ugqirha efaka isixhobo esincinci kuloo ndawo ukususa into efana ne-mole okanye i-tumor? Le ndlela yonyango, evakala ngathi yoyikisa kancinci xa usiva igama, ibizwa ngokuba yi-'Electrosurgery' kwisayensi yezonyango. Nangona eli gama lisenokuvakala ngathi yinto enkulu, eneneni yindlela esetyenziswa kakhulu kwaye ikhuselekileyo kwiindlela zotyando kwihlabathi liphela. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngayo ngokuchanekileyo nangokulula namhlanje.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Electrosurgery?

Utyando lwe-Electrosurgery lutyando olusebenzisa umbane osebenza rhoqo ukusika izicwili, ukutshabalalisa izicwili ezingafunekiyo, okanye ukunqanda ukopha (ukujiya). Kule meko, umbane oveliswa ngumatshini obizwa ngokuba yi-``Electrosurgical Unit (ESU)`` uthunyelwa kwisixhobo esincinci esifana nepeni (i-electrode) esisetyenziswa ngugqirha. Xa umbane ovela kwesi sixhobo ujoliswe kwindawo enyangwayo, ubushushu buyaveliswa njengoko umbane udlula kwicwili.

Ubushushu obuveliswa ngale ndlela bonakalisa ezo zicubu zingafunekiyo. Kodwa lo monakalo yiwo osincedayo. Sisebenzisa le ndlela, sinokususa amaqhuma angafunekiyo kunye neentsumpa eluswini. Ikwasetyenziselwa ukuvala imithambo yegazi emincinci enqunyulwayo ngexesha lotyando kunye nokuyeka ukopha. Ngamanye amaxesha kwenziwa njengonyango oluzimeleyo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kwenziwa kunye nolunye unyango.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zotyando lwe-electrosurgery?

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zale ndlela ezenzelwe ukwanelisa iimfuno ezahlukeneyo. Masibone ukuba zeziphi.

Ngaba i-electrocautery yahlukile?

Ewe, i- 'electrocautery' yindlela eyahlukileyo kancinci. Kwi-electrosurgery, umbane udlula ngqo kwizicubu zomzimba. Kodwa kwi -electrocautery , umbane udlula kuphela kwincam yesixhobo. Ngoko ke incam yesixhobo iyatshisa. Emva koko, xa loo ncam ishushu ichukumisa izicubu, ubushushu obuthe ngqo buyatshabalalisa izicubu okanye buyeke ukopha. Ngamafutshane, kwimeko enye, umbane udlula kwizicubu, kwenye, kusetyenziswa isixhobo esishushu.

Zeziphi iintlobo zeemeko ezisetyenziselwa le ndlela?

Utyando lwe-electrosurgery lusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezininzi zonyango.

• I-Dermatology: Iingcali zesikhumba zihlala zisebenzisa le ndlela. Isebenza kakhulu ekususeni izilonda ezingengozini ezifana neentsumpa kunye neethegi zesikhumba . Ikwasetyenziselwa ukunyanga ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza wesikhumba . Umzekelo, kwinkqubo ye-ED&C (Electrodessication & Curettage), ugqirha uqala ngokukhuhla iqhubu elinomhlaza aze emva koko asebenzise utyando lwe-electrosurgery ukutshabalalisa naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza eziseleyo.
• Ezinye iintlobo zotyando: Oku kubalulekile kwezinye iintlobo zotyando, ingakumbi ezo zibandakanya i-endoscopy (uvavanyo olusebenzisa ikhamera ukujonga ngaphakathi emzimbeni), ukususa izicwili ezingafunekiyo (umz., iithumba ezincinci) okanye ukulawula ukopha .

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lonyango?

Okokuqala, uza kunikwa iyeza lokuthomalalisa iintlungu ukuze uvale indawo onyangwa kuyo, okanye usenokuba uthomalaliswe ngokupheleleyo. Okwenzekayo emva koko kuxhomekeke ekubeni une-`monopolar` okanye `bipolar`.

Utyando lwe-Electropolar

Le yindlela esetyenziswa kakhulu. Igama elithi “Mono” lithetha “inye.” Apha, kusetyenziswa incam enye ye-electrode emzimbeni wakho.

1. Umbane ovela kumatshini we-ESU ufika kwi-electrode esebenzayo (isixhobo esifana nepeni esandleni sikagqirha).

2. Lo mbane udlula kwizicubu zomzimba wakho uze ufudumale loo ndawo.

3. Emva koko umbane uhamba emzimbeni uze uye kwi "grounding pad" (i-dispersive electrode) enamathele ethangeni lakho okanye kwenye indawo.

4. Ekugqibeleni, umbane ovela kuloo grounding pad ubuyela kumatshini we-ESU, ugqibezela isekethe.

Utyando lweBipolar Electrosurgery

Igama elithi “Bi” lithetha “ezimbini.” Kule nto, iincam ezimbini ze-electrode zisetyenziswa emzimbeni wakho. Khawuthelekelele ukuba ugqirha ubambe izicubu eziphathwa ngesixhobo esifana ne-forceps.

1. Umbane ungena kwithishu usuka kwelinye icala le-electrode (i-electrode esebenzayo).

2. Loo mbane uhamba umgama omfutshane kakhulu kwithishu uze uye kwelinye icala le-electrode (i-electrode yokubuyisela).

3. Ukusuka apho, umbane ubuyela kumatshini we-ESU, ugqibezela isekethe.

Zithini iingenelo zale ndlela?

Utyando lwe-electrosurgery yindlela enezibonelelo ezininzi ngaphezu kokusika nje nge-scalpel.

• Unyango olujoliswe kulo: Akukho monakalo mkhulu kwizicwili eziphilileyo ezijikelezileyo.
• Ukuncipha kwamanxeba: Ubungakanani bamanxeba abangelwa kukususwa kwezicubu buyancipha.
• Isantya: Ukutshatyalaliswa kwezicubu (ukususwa) kungenziwa ngokukhawuleza.
• Ukuyeka ukopha : Ukopha kunokupheliswa ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo enciphisa ixesha elichithwa kutyando.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga okanye iingozi?

Le yinkqubo ekhuselekileyo kakhulu xa isenziwa ngugqirha onamava. Nangona kunjalo, njengakwezinye iinkqubo zonyango, kukho iingozi ezithile ezibandakanyekayo. Nangona kunjalo, oogqirha bathatha onke amanyathelo ukunciphisa ezi ngozi.

• Ukutsha: Ukuba amandla ombane abonakala ephezulu kakhulu, ukutsha kunokubakho. Ukuthintela oku, oogqirha bahlala beqala ngamandla aphantsi kangangoko .
• Ukothuka ngombane: Ukuba i-grounding pad ayiqhagamshelwanga kakuhle, unokufumana ukothuka ngombane. Nangona kunjalo, amathuba okuba oku kwenzeke mancinci kakhulu, njengoko yonke into ijongwa kakuhle ngaphambi kokuba unyango luqale.
• Iintsholongwane: Iintsholongwane zinokwenzeka ukuba izixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo azicocwanga kakuhle. Kwakhona, iintsholongwane zinokusasazeka ngomsi oveliswa xa kutshiswa izicubu. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, oogqirha basebenzisa izixhobo ezicocwayo kuphela kwaye benza olu nyango kumagumbi aneenkqubo zokungenisa umoya.
• Ukopha:Ngamanye amaxesha, umonakalo kwizicubu unokubangela ukopha okungakumbi kunokuba bekulindelwe, kodwa ugqirha unokukulawula ngokutshintsha useto kumatshini we-ESU.
• Ukutshintsha kombala wolusu: Emva kweentlobo ezithile zotyando lwe-electrosurgery, ulusu lunokuba mhlophe ngakumbi kwindawo enyangiweyo (hypopigmentation). Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela kwangaphambili ukuba kukho umngcipheko wokuvela koku kunyango.
• Iingxaki ngezixhobo ezifakelweyo: Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, indlela yeMonopolar ingaphazamisana nokusebenza kwezixhobo ze-elektroniki ezifana ne-pacemakers kunye ne-defibrillators. Ukuba unesixhobo esinjalo, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka wazise ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kotyando. Emva koko baya kukhetha eyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo kuwe.

Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuphiliswa?

Oku kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lonyango.

• Ukuba into efana ne-mole okanye ithumba elingaphezulu kolusu lisusiwe, kuya kuthatha malunga neveki ukuba inxeba liphiliswe.
• Ukuba sisilonda esinzulu, kungathatha iiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezine okanye ngaphezulu.

Ugqirha uza kukuchazela ixesha lokuchacha ngokwemeko yakho.

Udinga nini ukubona ugqirha?

Emva konyango, ukuba inxeba lakho liyopha kwaye alikayeki emva kwemizuzu engama-20 yoxinzelelo oluqhubekayo, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Ukuba ukopha kukhulu, yiya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane.

Kwakhona, ukuba inxeba libonakala liqhuma, kukho iintlungu ezininzi, okanye ukuba uziva ngathi alipholi njengoko kulindelekile, musa ukulibazisa ukuthetha nogqirha wakho.