Kuyoyikisa kancinci xa ngequbuliso uqala ukopha empumlweni yakho, akunjalo? Mhlawumbi wenza into ethile, okanye umntwana wakho omncinci uyadlala, uze ngequbuliso ubone ithontsi okanye amabini egazi liphuma empumlweni yakho. Ngamanye amaxesha liyayeka, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha xa ukopha kuqhubeka, awukwazi ukuqonda ukuba kwenzeka ntoni. Ngaba oku kunzulu ngokwenene? Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Masithethe ngayo yonke into ngokweenkcukacha nangokulula namhlanje.
Kuthetha ukuthini oku kuphuma kwegazi empumlweni? (Epistaxis)
Ngamafutshane, ukopha empumlweni kubizwa ngokuba yi-`(Epistaxis)` kwisayensi yezonyango. Oku kunokwenzeka empumlweni enye, ngamanye amaxesha kuzo zombini. Kodwa uninzi lwexesha, ukopha kuvela empumlweni enye kuphela.
Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba kutheni oku kusenzeka. Khawuthelekelele, ngaphakathi kwempumlo yethu kukho imithambo yegazi emininzi emincinci, esasazeke njenge-mesh encinci. Le mithambo yegazi inomsebenzi obalulekileyo. Oko kukuthi, ukufudumeza umoya esiwuphefumlayo nokuwunika umswakama ofunekayo ngaphambi kokuba uwuthumele emiphungeni yethu. Kodwa ingxaki kukuba, le mithambo yegazi mincinci ibekwe phezulu kakhulu, okanye kufutshane kakhulu nolusu olungaphakathi kwempumlo.
Ngoko ke xa umoya esiwuphefumlayo womile kakhulu, umzekelo xa sichitha ixesha elininzi kwigumbi le-AC, okanye xa sihlala kwindawo enemozulu eyomileyo nebandayo efana neNuwara Eliya, ingaphakathi lempumlo liba lomile kwaye kwakheka amaqhekeza amancinci. Ngeli xesha, xa sivuthela impumlo yethu kancinci, sifaka umnwe wethu kuyo, okanye nokuba ngumzuzwana nje, le mithambo yegazi mincinci iyaqhuma ize iqale ukopha.
Ungakhathazeki! Ngokomyinge, malunga nabantu abathandathu kwabalishumi baya kuba nokopha impumlo ubuncinane kube kanye ebomini babo.
Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokuphuma kwegazi empumlweni.
Oogqirha bahlula ukopha empumlweni zibe ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili, kuxhomekeke ekubeni ukopha kuvela phi.
1. Ukopha Impumlo Ngaphambili
Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lokopha empumlweni. Ukopha kuqala ngaphambili empumlweni, ezantsi kwe-septum, udonga olwahlula iimpumlo ezimbini. Imithambo yegazi kule ndawo ibuthathaka kakhulu, ngoko ke nokuba ukwenzakala okuncinci kunokubangela ukopha. Oku akusoloko kuyimeko embi. Uninzi lwexesha, kunokulawulwa ekhaya ngoncedo lokuqala esiluxubushileyo.
2. Ukopha Impumlo Yangasemva
Olu luhlobo olufuna ingqalelo encinci. Olu phawu lokopha luvela kwimithambo yegazi emikhulu engaphakathi empumlweni, kufutshane nomphimbo. Ukopha kunokuba nzima kancinci, kwaye igazi linokuthi lehle emqaleni kunokuba liphume phambili empumlweni. Xa eli gazi lingena esiswini, linokubangela isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.
Ukopha okuphuma emqolo ngolu hlobo kudla ngokuba nzima ukuyeka ngoncedo lokuqala ekhaya.Kwimeko enjalo, kungcono ukubona ugqirha ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele.
Kutheni sifumana ukopha empumlweni? Makhe sijonge ezinye zezizathu
Zininzi izizathu zokuba kubekho ukopha empumlweni. Ngethamsanqa, uninzi lwezi zizathu azibalulekanga kangako.
Izizathu ezibonwa rhoqo
- Umoya owomileyo: Le yeyona nto ibangela oku. Imozulu enobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokufuma okuphantsi, ukuhlala kumagumbi e-AC imini yonke, kunye nokoma komoya kwiindawo ezineentaba kunokubangela ukuba ingaphakathi lempumlo lome kwaye liphume igazi.
- Ukukha impumlo: Oku kuxhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abancinci. Izipikili zinokunamathela kwaye zonzakalise imithambo yegazi ebuthathaka.
- Ukucinezela impumlo: Xa sinomkhuhlane okanye usulelo lwe-sinus, sicinezela impumlo yethu kakhulu. Loo xinzelelo lunokubangela ukuba imithambo yegazi iqhume.
- Ii-Allergy: Abantu abane-allergy kwizinto ezifana nothuli kunye ne-pollen banokufumana ukurhawuzelelwa rhoqo kwempumlo kunye nokuthimla, okunokonakalisa ii-membranes ezithambileyo ngaphakathi kwempumlo.
- Izitshizi Zempumlo: Ezinye izitshizi ezisetyenziselwa i-allergies okanye ukuxinana kwempumlo zingomisa ingaphakathi lempumlo xa zisetyenziswa ixesha elide.
- Ukulimala empumlweni okanye ebusweni: Ukopha kunokubakho ngenxa yokuwa, ingozi, okanye ukungqubana ngexesha lemidlalo.
- Izinto zokunciphisa igazi: Abantu abasebenzisa amayeza okunciphisa igazi afana ne-aspirin kunye ne-warfarin banokufumana ukopha okungakumbi nokuba benze ingozi encinci.
- I-Septum ephambukile: Xa udonga olwahlula ingaphakathi lempumlo luphambukile luye kwelinye icala, ukuhamba komoya kuyatshintsha, kwaye elinye icala linokuhlala lomile kwaye liphuma igazi.
Izizathu ezingaqhelekanga
- Ukusetyenziswa kotywala ngokugqithisileyo
- Iimeko zokuqunjelwa kwegazi (umz., isifo se-hemophilia okanye isifo se-von Willebrand)
- Igazi elonyukayo
- Ukujiya kweendonga zemithambo yegazi (i-Atherosclerosis)
- Utyando olwenziwe empumlweni okanye ebusweni
- Ii-tumor zempumlo okanye ii-polyps
- Izifo ezifana nomhlaza wegazi (i-Leukemia)
- Ukukhulelwa (ngeli xesha, imithambo yegazi emzimbeni iyavuleka, nto leyo ebeka uxinzelelo olungakumbi kwimithambo ethambileyo empumlweni)
Ngaba kufuneka ukhathazeke ngokuba ne-nose? Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
Ixesha elininzi, ukopha empumlweni akuyonto imbi kangako. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, kunokuba luphawu lwenye imeko. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha kwezi meko zilandelayo:
| Imeko / uphawu | Kwenziwe ntoni |
|---|---|
| Ukuba usoloko uphuma igazi empumlweni. | Bona ugqirha wakho wosapho ukuze ufumane unobangela. |
| Ukuba uneempawu ze-anemia, ezinje ngokuphuma igazi empumlweni, ukuba mnyama, ukudinwa kakhulu, isiyezi, kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla . | Bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza. |
| Ukuba ukopha impumlo kwakho kwanda emva kokuqalisa iyeza elitsha . | Thetha nogqirha oninike elo yeza. |
| Ukuba, kunye nokopha kwempumlo , amanye amalungu omzimba nawo afumana amabala afana nokukrweleka . | Bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza kuba oku kungaba luphawu lwesifo esinzulu. |
| Ukuba umntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala unesifo sokopha. | Kungcono ukubonana nogqirha wabantwana. |
Indlela yokuthintela ukopha empumlweni ekhaya (uncedo lokuqala)
Kulungile, ngoku makhe sibone ukuba yintoni kanye kanye omawuyenze xa uqala ukopha empumlweni, ngaphandle kokoyika.
1. Zola: Musa ukoyika ekuqaleni. Hlala uzolile kwaye uphefumle ngomlomo wakho.
2. Hlala uthe nkqo: Hlala uthe nkqo esitulweni uze utsale intloko yakho phambili kancinci. Ungaze utsale intloko yakho ngasemva. Ukwenza njalo kunokubangela ukuba igazi liye emqaleni wakho, nto leyo enokubangela ukukhohlela nokuhlanza. Oku kunokunyusa ukopha.
3. Cinezela impumlo yakho: Sebenzisa ubhontsi wakho nomnwe wakho wokukhomba ukuze ucinezele inxalenye ethambileyo engentla nje kwempumlo yakho. Musa ukucinezela inxalenye ethambileyo yempumlo yakho, kodwa yicinezele inxalenye ethambileyo kuphela.
4. Linda imizuzu eli-10-15: ubuncinane imizuzu eli-10 ngexeshaQhubeka ucinezela. Musa ukuyikhulula isandla sakho ngelixa ujonga ukuba ukopha kuyekile na. Ukwenza njalo kuya kuphula ihlwili legazi elenzekayo kwaye ukopha kuya kuqala kwakhona. Khulula isandla sakho emva kwemizuzu eli-10. Ukuba ukopha kusaqhubeka, qhubeka ucinezela eminye imizuzu eli-10.
5. Sula igazi: Sebenzisa ithishu okanye ilaphu elimanzi ukusula igazi eliphumayo. Ungaze uzame ukucinezela iibhola zekotoni okanye iphepha lethishu eligoqiweyo empumlweni yakho.
Ngexesha elinje, yiya kwi-ETU ngoko nangoko!
Ngokwesiqhelo, la manyathelo oncedo lokuqala angentla aya kuyimisa ukopha. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezilandelayo, musa ukuhlala ekhaya kwaye ngoko nangoko hamba nomntu uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane.
- Ukuba ukopha akupheli emva kokubamba impumlo yakho ngokuqinileyo imizuzu eli-15-20.
- Ukuba kulahleke igazi elininzi kakhulu (umz. ngaphezu kwekomityi).
- Ukuba uthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi (i-aspirin, i-warfarin), okanye ukuba unesifo sokujiya kwegazi (i-hemophilia) kwaye ukopha kwakho akupheli.
- Ukuba uziva kunzima ukuphefumla .
- Ukuba uhlanza igazi rhoqo.
- Ukuba uqala ukopha emva kokubetheka kakhulu entloko okanye ebusweni (ukuwa, ingozi yemoto).
Luhlobo luni lonyango olunikwa ngugqirha koku?
Xa usiya esibhedlele, ugqirha angasebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu sokopha kunye nobunzima bako.
- Ukupakisha Impumlo: Ukuze ufake uxinzelelo kwindawo yokopha, ungabeka into efana ne-gauze efakwe kumayeza, iziponji ezikhethekileyo, okanye ibhaluni efuthwayo ngaphakathi kwempumlo. Oku kushiywa endaweni yayo malunga neeyure ezingama-24-48 uze emva koko kususwe.
- Ukucoca ngeCauterization: Oku kuquka ukucoca ngeCauterization kunye 'nokuvala' umthambo omncinci wegazi ophumayo, nokuba kusetyenziswa ikhemikhali (isilivere nitrate) okanye isixhobo sombane esincinci (i-electrocautery). Ingaphakathi lempumlo livalekile ngaphambi koku, ngoko ke akukho ntlungu.
- Utshintsho kumayeza: Ungacetyiswa ukuba utshintshe umthamo okanye uyeke okwethutyana ukuthatha izinto ezifana ne-blood thinners.
- Utyando: Ukuba impumlo yaphukile okanye ine-septum ephambukile, ingalungiswa ngotyando (septoplasty).
Yintoni enokwenziwa ukuthintela ukopha empumlweni ukuba kungaphindi kwenzeke?
Ukuba unengxaki yokopha rhoqo empumlweni, ukulandela le mikhwa kunokunceda kakhulu ekulawuleni imeko.
- Gcina impumlo yakho imanzi: Sebenzisa i-saline nasal spray, efumaneka kwiikhemesti, kabini ukuya kathathu ngemini. Kukwangumbono olungileyo ukusebenzisa i-humidifier kwigumbi lakho lokulala ebusuku.
- Faka i-coating:Faka iVaseline encinci kwibhola yomqhaphu uze uyifake ngaphakathi kwempumlo. Kodwa ungayifaki nzulu kakhulu ibhola yomqhaphu.
- Musa ukufutha impumlo yakho ngamandla: Yiba nobubele kakhulu xa ufutha impumlo yakho. Vula umlomo wakho xa uthimla.
- Musa ukukhetha impumlo yakho: Kuphephe oku. Fundisa abantwana abancinci ngale nto kwaye ugcine iinzipho zabo zimfutshane.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya: Ukutshaya komisa ingaphakathi lempumlo kwaye konakalisa iinwebu ezithambileyo.
- Nxiba izigcina-ntloko zokuzikhusela: Ukuba udlala imidlalo enokubangela ukwenzakala ebusweni nasempumlweni, qiniseka ukuba unxibe izigcina-ntloko zokuzikhusela.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukopha empumlweni (i-Epistaxis) kuxhaphake kakhulu kwaye akusoloko kuxhalabisa.
- Idla ngokuba ngumoya owomileyo obangela ukuba imithambo yegazi ethambileyo engaphakathi empumlweni iqhume.
- Musa ukoyika xa ubona igazi, jika intloko yakho iye phambili, uze ucinezele indawo ethambileyo yempumlo yakho imizuzu eli-10-15 ngexesha.
- Ukuba ukopha akuyeki, ukuba kukho ukopha okugqithisileyo, okanye ukuba kukho ezinye iimpawu ezinzulu (isiyezi, ubunzima bokuphefumla), bona ugqirha okanye uye kwi-ETU ngoko nangoko.
- Ukuba usoloko uphuma igazi empumlweni, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ufumane unobangela ochanekileyo.
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